玉米芯活性炭的制备及其对废水中Cr(Ⅵ)的吸附性能研究
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摘要
利用硫酸作脱水剂制备玉米芯活性炭,并应用于废水中Cr(Ⅵ)的吸附。试验考察了pH对吸附效果的影响、吸附平衡时间的确定、吸附剂的用量和Cr(Ⅵ)的初始浓度对吸附的影响,进而确定用玉米芯制备出的活性炭吸附Cr(Ⅵ)的最优条件。通过动力学吸附模型的考察,玉米芯活性炭对废水中Cr(Ⅵ)的吸附符合准二级动力学模型。与FTIR谱图相结合,推断玉米芯经过硫酸碳化后,含氧功能团增加,加强了活性炭将Cr(Ⅵ)还原Cr(Ⅲ)的能力,导致吸附容量增加。玉米芯的低温炭化,对农业废弃物的再利用提供了一个切实可行的思路,对寻找废水中重金属离子的吸附剂具有潜在的现实意义。
The corncob activated from carbon residues(ACCR)was prepared by using sulfuric acid as dehydrating agent and applied to the adsorption of Cr(VI) in wastewater.The effect of pH on the adsorption effect,the determination of the adsorption equilibrium time,the amount of adsorbent and the initial concentration of Cr(Ⅵ) on the adsorption were investigated.Furthermore,the optimal conditions for the adsorption of Cr(Ⅵ) by ACCR were determined.With the investigation of the kinetic adsorption model,the adsorption of Cr(Ⅵ) in wastewater by corncob activated carbon conforms to the quasi-secondary kinetic model.Combined with the FTIR spectrum,it is inferred that after the carbon black is sulfated,the oxygen-containing functional group increases,which enhances the ability of activated carbon to reduce Cr(III) by Cr(Ⅵ),resulting in an increase in adsorption capacity.The low temperature carbonization of corncob provides a practical idea for the reuse of agricultural waste,and has potential practical significance for the search for adsorbents of heavy metal ions in wastewater.
The corncob activated from carbon residues(ACCR)was prepared by using sulfuric acid as dehydrating agent and applied to the adsorption of Cr(VI) in wastewater.The effect of pH on the adsorption effect,the determination of the adsorption equilibrium time,the amount of adsorbent and the initial concentration of Cr(Ⅵ) on the adsorption were investigated.Furthermore,the optimal conditions for the adsorption of Cr(Ⅵ) by ACCR were determined.With the investigation of the kinetic adsorption model,the adsorption of Cr(Ⅵ) in wastewater by corncob activated carbon conforms to the quasi-secondary kinetic model.Combined with the FTIR spectrum,it is inferred that after the carbon black is sulfated,the oxygen-containing functional group increases,which enhances the ability of activated carbon to reduce Cr(III) by Cr(Ⅵ),resulting in an increase in adsorption capacity.The low temperature carbonization of corncob provides a practical idea for the reuse of agricultural waste,and has potential practical significance for the search for adsorbents of heavy metal ions in wastewater.
引文
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[21] 张庆乐,张文平,党光耀,等.玉米芯对废水重金属的吸附机制及影响因素[J].污染防治技术,2008,21(5):21-22,33.
[22] 冯立顺,李春辉,刘洪燕,等.玉米秸秆吸附去除水溶液中染料的性能研究[J].安徽农业科学,2010,38(24):13325-13328,13357.
[23] 冯青琴.改性玉米秸杆纤维的制备及其吸附性能表征[J].安阳师范学院学报,2004(2):14-16.
[24] 赵二劳,邓苗,白建华.改性高粱秸秆对Cr(Ⅵ)吸附性能的研究[J].电镀与精饰,2010(8):5-8.
[25] 陈素红.玉米秸秆的改性及其对六价铬离子吸附性能的研究[D].济南:山东大学,2012.
[2] 黄年来.中国实用菌百科[M].北京:农业出版社,1993.
[3] 林辉祥,李基永.工科化学[M].长沙:湖南大学出版社,1996:249-251.
[4] 胡志杰,左宋林.磷酸活化法制备稻壳活性炭的研究[J].林业技术开发,2007,21(4):83-85.
[5] 张利波,彭金辉,涂建华,等.氯化锌活化烟杆制造活性炭及孔结构表征[J].炭素技术,2005,24(3):14-19.
[6] GUO J,LUA A C.Adsorption of sulphur dioxide onto activated carbon prepare from oil-palm shells with and without preimpregnation[J].Separation and purification technology,2003,30(3):265-273.
[7] 张庆红,孙晓峰,阮红,等.基于生物质烟灰的碳量子点的制备及性能[J].新型炭材料,2018,33(6):571-577.
[8] 刘靖,何选明,柯萍,等.石莼基微/中孔复合结构活性炭的制备及性能[J].精细化工,2019(2):225-230.
[9] LUA A C,YANG T.Characteristics of activated carbon prepared from pistachio-nut shell by zinc chloride activation under nitrogen and vacuum conditions[J].Journal of colloid and interface science,2005,290(2):505-513.
[10] BOONAMNUAYVITAYA V,SAE-UNG S,TANTHAPANICHAKOON W.Preparation of activated carbons from coffee residue for the adsorption of formaldehyde[J].Separation and purification technology,2005,42(2):159-168.
[11] 王曾辉,高晋生.碳素材料[M].上海:华东化工学院出版社,1991:224.
[12] ALMANSA C,MOLINA-SABIO M,RODRIGUEZ-REINOSO F.Adsorption of methane into ZnCl2-activated carbon derived discs[J].Microporous and mesoporous materials,2004,76(1/2/3):185-191.
[13] 张利波,彭金辉,涂建华,等.氯化锌活化烟杆制造活性炭及其孔结构表征[J].炭素技术,2005,24(3):14-19.
[14] MACDONALD J A F,QUINN D F.Carbon absorbents for natural gas storage[J].Fuel,1998,77(1/2):61-64.
[15] CELZARD A,PERRIN A,ALBINIAK A,et al.The effect of wetting on pore texture and methane storage ability of NaOH activated anthracite[J].Fuel,2007,86(1/2):287-293.
[16] MORA E,BLANCO C,PAJARES J A,et al.Chemical activation of carbon mesophase pitches[J].Journal of colloid and interface science,2006,298(1):341-347.
[17] 范艳青,冯晓锐,陈雯,等.活性炭制备技术及发展[J].昆明理工大学学报,2002,27(5):17-20,22.
[18] 钱易,唐孝炎.环境保护与可持续发展[M].北京:高等教育出版社,2000:4-36.
[19] 潭西顺.危害人体健康的杀手——六价铬[J].劳动保护,2003(1):61.
[20] 陈琼宇,李洪,李时恩,等.六价铬对接触工人子代智力发育影响的研究[J].中国公共卫生学报,1998,17(6):356-357.
[21] 张庆乐,张文平,党光耀,等.玉米芯对废水重金属的吸附机制及影响因素[J].污染防治技术,2008,21(5):21-22,33.
[22] 冯立顺,李春辉,刘洪燕,等.玉米秸秆吸附去除水溶液中染料的性能研究[J].安徽农业科学,2010,38(24):13325-13328,13357.
[23] 冯青琴.改性玉米秸杆纤维的制备及其吸附性能表征[J].安阳师范学院学报,2004(2):14-16.
[24] 赵二劳,邓苗,白建华.改性高粱秸秆对Cr(Ⅵ)吸附性能的研究[J].电镀与精饰,2010(8):5-8.
[25] 陈素红.玉米秸秆的改性及其对六价铬离子吸附性能的研究[D].济南:山东大学,2012.