四川盆地涪陵页岩气田五峰—龙马溪组岩矿纵向差异性研究——以JYA井为例
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摘要
涪陵页岩气田是我国首个实现商业开发的大型页岩气田。通过对涪陵焦石坝区块JYA井五峰组—龙马溪组龙一段页岩开展岩石薄片和氩离子抛光扫描电镜观察,并结合全岩黏土X衍射、有机碳含量等分析测试,探究了该气田五峰组—龙马溪组龙一段页岩纵向上的矿物成分及含量的变化特征,明确了该套页岩主要成分为石英和黏土矿物,其次为长石和碳酸盐,以及少量的黄铁矿;其中石英和黏土矿物达70%以上,自下而上石英、长石及黄铁矿含量逐渐减少,黏土矿物含量逐渐增加。结合页岩矿物纵向上的差异性变化,探讨了其对页岩储集性、含气性和可压性的影响,明确了纵向上随着生物成因硅质含量增加,黏土矿物含量的减少,页岩自上而下呈现出有机质含量增加,有机质孔发育,页岩储集性能变好,页岩含气量增加的趋势;同时随着脆性矿物含量的增加,页岩的可压性也逐渐增强。
The Fuling shale gas field is the first to achieve commercial development in China. The well JYA in the Jiaoshiba area of Sichuan Basin was used as an example to study the vertical variation of rock and mineral composition based on thin section observation and scanning electron microscopy( SEM),and combined with X-ray diffraction of whole rock and organic carbon determination. The results showed that quartz and clay minerals are dominant in the Wufeng-Longmaxi shale,accounting for over 70%,followed by feldspar and carbonate,and a small amount of pyrite. From bottom to top,the contents of quartz,feldspar and pyrite gradually decrease,while that of clay minerals increases. The effects of shale mineral vertical variation on shale reservoir property,gas content and compressibility were discussed. With the increase of biogenic silicate and the reduction of clay mineral in vertical direction,the shale shows a tendency of increasing organic matter content,organic matter pore development,shale reservoir performance and shale gas content from top to bottom. At the same time,with the increase of brittle mineral content,the compressible property of shale is also gradually enhanced.
The Fuling shale gas field is the first to achieve commercial development in China. The well JYA in the Jiaoshiba area of Sichuan Basin was used as an example to study the vertical variation of rock and mineral composition based on thin section observation and scanning electron microscopy( SEM),and combined with X-ray diffraction of whole rock and organic carbon determination. The results showed that quartz and clay minerals are dominant in the Wufeng-Longmaxi shale,accounting for over 70%,followed by feldspar and carbonate,and a small amount of pyrite. From bottom to top,the contents of quartz,feldspar and pyrite gradually decrease,while that of clay minerals increases. The effects of shale mineral vertical variation on shale reservoir property,gas content and compressibility were discussed. With the increase of biogenic silicate and the reduction of clay mineral in vertical direction,the shale shows a tendency of increasing organic matter content,organic matter pore development,shale reservoir performance and shale gas content from top to bottom. At the same time,with the increase of brittle mineral content,the compressible property of shale is also gradually enhanced.
引文
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[19]魏志红,魏祥峰.页岩不同类型孔隙的含气性差异:以四川盆地焦石坝地区五峰组—龙马溪组为例[J].天然气工业,2014,34(6):37-41.WEI Zhihong,WEI Xiangfeng.Comparison of gas-bearing property between different pore types of shale:A case from the Upper Ordovician Wufeng and Longmaxi Fms in the Jiaoshiba area,Sichuan Basin[J].Natural Gas Industry,2014,34(6):37-41.
[20]余川,聂海宽,曾春林,等.四川盆地东部下古生界页岩储集空间特征及其对含气性的影响[J].地质学报,2014,88(7):1311-1320.YU Chuan,NIE Haikuan,ZENG Chunlin,et al.Shale reservoir space characteristics and the effect on gas content in Lower Palaeozoic Erathem of the eastern Sichuan Basin[J].Acta Geologica Sinica,2014,88(7):1311-1320.
[2]叶杰,范德廉.黑色岩系型矿床的形成作用及其在我国的产出特征[J].矿物岩石地球化学通报,2000,19(2):95-102.YE Jie,FAN Delian.Characteristics and mineralization of ore deposits related to black shale series[J].Bulletin of Mineralogy Petrology and Geochemistry,2000,19(2):95-102.
[3]李胜荣,高振敏.湘黔寒武系底部黑色岩系贵金属元素来源示踪[J].中国科学(D辑),2000,30(2):169-174.LI Shengrong,GAO Zhenmin.Source tracing of noble metal elements in Lower Cambrian black rock series of Guizhou-Hunan Provinces,China[J].Science in China(Series D),2000,43(6):625-632.
[4]王世谦,陈更生,董大忠,等.四川盆地下古生界页岩气藏形成条件与勘探前景[J].天然气工业,2009,29(5):51-58.WANG Shiqian,CHEN Gengsheng,DONG Dazhong,et al.Accumulation conditions and exploitation prospect of shale gas in the Lower Paleozoic Sichuan Basin[J].Natural Gas Industry,2009,29(5):51-58.
[5]曾祥亮,刘树根,黄文明,等.四川盆地志留系龙马溪组页岩与美国Fort Worth盆地石炭系Barnett组页岩地质特征对比[J].地质通报,2011,30(2/3):372-384.ZENG Xiangliang,LIU Shugen,HUANG Wenming,et al.Comparison of Silurian Longmaxi Formation shale of Sichuan Basin in China and Carboniferous Barnett Formation shale of Fort Worth Basin in United States[J].Geological Bulletin of China,2011,30(2/3):372-384.
[6]MONTGOMERY S L,JARVIE D M,BOWKER K A,et al.Mississippian Barnett shale,Fort Worth Basin,north-central Texas:Gasshale play with multi-trillion cubic foot potential[J].AAPG Bulletin,2005,89(2):155-175.
[7]JARVIE D M,HILL R J,RUBLE T E,et al.Unconventional shalegas systems:The Mississippian Barnett shale of north-central Texas as one model for thermogenic shale-gas assessment[J].AAPG Bulletin,2007,91(4):475-499.
[8]卢龙飞,秦建中,申宝剑,等.川东南涪陵地区五峰—龙马溪组硅质页岩的生物成因及其油气地质意义[J].石油实验地质,2016,38(4):460-465.LU Longfei,QIN Jianzhong,SHEN Baojian,et al.Biogenic origin and hydrocarbon significance of siliceous shale from the WufengLongmaxi formations in Fuling area,southeastern Sichuan Basin[J].Petroleum Geology&Experiment,2016,38(4):460-465.
[9]王淑芳,邹才能,董大忠,等.四川盆地富有机质页岩硅质生物成因及对页岩气开发的意义[J].北京大学学报(自然科学版),2014,50(3):476-486.WANG Shufang,ZOU Caineng,DONG Dazhong,et al.Biogenic silica of organic-rich shale in Sichuan Basin and its significance for shale gas[J].Acta Scientiarum Naturalium Universitatis Pekinensis,2014,50(3):476-486.
[10]付小东,秦建中,滕格尔,等.烃源岩矿物组成特征及油气地质意义:以中上扬子古生界海相优质烃源岩为例[J].石油勘探与开发,2011,38(6):671-684.FU Xiaodong,QIN Jianzhong,TENGER,et al.Mineral components of source rocks and their petroleum significance:A case from Paleozoic marine source rocks in the Middle-Upper Yangtze region[J].Petroleum Exploration&Development,2011,38(6):671-684.
[11]梁超,姜在兴,杨镱婷,等.四川盆地五峰组—龙马溪组页岩岩相及储集空间特征[J].石油勘探与开发,2012,39(6):691-698.LIANG Chao,JIANG Zhaixing,YANG Yiting,et al.Characteristics of shale lithofacies and reservoir space of the Wufeng-Longmaxi formation,Sichuan Basin[J].Petroleum Exploration&Development,2012,39(6):691-698.
[12]张春明,张维生,郭英海.川东南—黔北地区龙马溪组沉积环境及对烃源岩的影响[J].地学前缘,2012,19(1):136-145.ZHANG Chunming,ZHANG Weisheng,GUO Yinghai.Sedimentary environment and its effect on hydrocarbon source rocks of Longmaxi Formation in southeast Sichuan and northern Guizhou[J].Earth Science Frontiers,2012,19(1):136-145.
[13]徐祖新,韩淑敏,王启超.中扬子地区陡山沱组页岩储层中黄铁矿特征及其油气意义[J].岩性油气藏,2015,27(2):31-37.XU Zuxin,HAN Shumin,WANG Qichao.Characteristics of pyrite and its hydrocarbon significance of shale reservoir of Doushantuo Formation in Middle Yangtze area[J].Lithologic Reservoirs,2015,27(2):31-37.
[14]郭旭升,李宇平,刘若冰,等.四川盆地焦石坝地区龙马溪组页岩微观孔隙结构特征及其控制因素[J].天然气工业,2014,34(6):9-16.GUO Xusheng,LI Yuping,LIU Ruobing,et al.Characteristics and controlling factors of micro-pore structures of Longmaxi shale play in the Jiaoshiba area,Sichuan Basin[J].Natural Gas Industry,2014,34(6):9-16.
[15]秦建中,申宝剑,付小东,等.中国南方海相优质烃源岩超显微有机岩石学与生排烃潜力[J].石油与天然气地质,2010,31(6):826-837.QIN Jianzhong,SHEN Baojian,FU Xiaodong,et al.Ultramicroscopic organic petrology and potential of hydrocarbon generation and expulsion of quality marine source rocks in South China[J].Oil&Gas Geology,2010,31(6):826-837.
[16]刘友祥,俞凌杰,张庆珍,等.川东南龙马溪组页岩的矿物组成与微观储集特征研究[J].石油实验地质,2015,37(3):328-333.LIU Youxiang,YU Lingjie,ZHANG Qingzhen,et al.Mineral composition and microscopic reservoir features of Longmaxi shales in southeastern Sichuan Basin[J].Petroleum Geology&Experiment,2015,37(3):328-333.
[17]王秀平,牟传龙,葛祥英,等.四川盆地南部及其周缘龙马溪组黏土矿物研究[J].天然气地球科学,2014,25(11):1781-1794.WANG Xiuping,MU Chuanlong,GE Xiangying,et al.Study on clay minerals in the Lower Silurian Longmaxi Formation in southern Sichuan Basin and its periphery[J].Natural Gas Geoscience,2014,25(11):1781-1794.
[18]郭岭,姜在兴,郭峰.渝东南龙马溪组黑色页岩矿物组成及其页岩气意义[J].中南大学学报(自然科学版),2015,46(11):4146-4154.GUO Ling,JIANG Zaixing,GUO Feng.Mineral components of shales from Longmaxi Formation in southeastern Chongqing and their implications for shale gas[J].Journal of Central South University(Science and Technology),2015,46(11):4146-4154.
[19]魏志红,魏祥峰.页岩不同类型孔隙的含气性差异:以四川盆地焦石坝地区五峰组—龙马溪组为例[J].天然气工业,2014,34(6):37-41.WEI Zhihong,WEI Xiangfeng.Comparison of gas-bearing property between different pore types of shale:A case from the Upper Ordovician Wufeng and Longmaxi Fms in the Jiaoshiba area,Sichuan Basin[J].Natural Gas Industry,2014,34(6):37-41.
[20]余川,聂海宽,曾春林,等.四川盆地东部下古生界页岩储集空间特征及其对含气性的影响[J].地质学报,2014,88(7):1311-1320.YU Chuan,NIE Haikuan,ZENG Chunlin,et al.Shale reservoir space characteristics and the effect on gas content in Lower Palaeozoic Erathem of the eastern Sichuan Basin[J].Acta Geologica Sinica,2014,88(7):1311-1320.