叠前弹性参数反演在龙马溪组页岩脆性预测中的应用
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摘要
页岩气储层的可压裂性对其研究开发影响很大,脆性是评价可压裂性的重要指标,进行页岩气储层脆性预测,可以为水平井设计和压裂工艺提供技术方案。目前页岩气储层脆性评价的主要方法是取心矿物分析法、测井解释脆性评价法、叠前地震资料反演法等方法。前两种方法只能够根据测井解释资料获取纵向上的脆性信息,而横向展布规律难以评价,叠前地震资料反演技术可以获得页岩气储层横向上的脆性展布规律,有利于设计良好的水平井。这里以川南地区龙马溪组页岩气储层为载体,通过分析测井取心脆性矿物含量和岩石物理参数优选,确定了脆性的评价标准及地震评价参数,通过叠前弹性参数反演获得龙马溪组页岩储层的弹性参数体,按照评价标准和评价参数得到龙马溪组页岩脆性的空间分布特征,从而为水平钻井提供技术保障,有助于页岩气储层的"甜点"评价。通过与已知区的对比,说明预测效果较好,所提出的方法和流程具有较强的应用价值和推广价值。
The fracturing of shale gas reservoir has a great influence on its research and development,while brittleness is an important index to evaluate fracturing,therefore,the prediction of shale gas reservoir's brittleness can provide technical solutions for horizontal well's design and fracturing technology.At present,the main methods to evaluate the brittleness of shale gas reservoir are:coring mineral analysis,logging interpretation brittleness evaluation,pre-stack seismic data inversion and so on.The first two methods can be used to obtain the longitudinal brittle information according to the logging interpretation data,and it is difficult to evaluate the horizontal distribution law of shale gas reservoir,but which can be shown by pre-stack seismic data inversion.They are helpful to design good horizontal well.Taking Longmaxi formation in south Sichuan as the research object,the evaluation criteria of brittleness and seismic evaluation parameters were determined,through the analysis of the content of logging coring brittle minerals and the optimization of petrophysical parameters;the elastic parameters of Longmaxi formation shale reservoir were obtained through pre-stack elastic parameter evaluation parameters,which can provide technical support for horizontal drilling and help to evaluate high quality shale reservoir.Compared with the known area,the prediction effect was better.The proposed method and process have strong application value and promotion value.
The fracturing of shale gas reservoir has a great influence on its research and development,while brittleness is an important index to evaluate fracturing,therefore,the prediction of shale gas reservoir's brittleness can provide technical solutions for horizontal well's design and fracturing technology.At present,the main methods to evaluate the brittleness of shale gas reservoir are:coring mineral analysis,logging interpretation brittleness evaluation,pre-stack seismic data inversion and so on.The first two methods can be used to obtain the longitudinal brittle information according to the logging interpretation data,and it is difficult to evaluate the horizontal distribution law of shale gas reservoir,but which can be shown by pre-stack seismic data inversion.They are helpful to design good horizontal well.Taking Longmaxi formation in south Sichuan as the research object,the evaluation criteria of brittleness and seismic evaluation parameters were determined,through the analysis of the content of logging coring brittle minerals and the optimization of petrophysical parameters;the elastic parameters of Longmaxi formation shale reservoir were obtained through pre-stack elastic parameter evaluation parameters,which can provide technical support for horizontal drilling and help to evaluate high quality shale reservoir.Compared with the known area,the prediction effect was better.The proposed method and process have strong application value and promotion value.
引文
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[15]JARVIE DANIEL M,et al.Unconventional shalegas system:The Mississippian Barnett shale of north-central Texas as one model for thermogenic shalegas assessment[J].AAPG Bulletin,2007,91(4):475-499.
[2]BILL GOODWAY.Seismic petro physics and isotropic-anisotropic AVO methods for unconventional gas exploration[J].Leading Edge,2010,29(12):1500-1508.
[3]GUO Z Q.A shale rock physics model for analysis of brittleness index,mineralogy and porosity in the Barnett Shale[J].Journal of Geophysics&Engineering,2013,10(2):25006-25015.
[4]刁海燕.泥页岩储层岩石力学特性及脆性评价[J].岩石学报,2013,29(9):3300-3306.DIAO H Y.Rock mechanics characteristics and brittleness evaluation of mud shale reservoir[J].Acta Petrologica Sinica,2013,29(9):3300-3306.(In Chinese)
[5]刘致水,孙赞东,新型脆性因子及其在泥页岩储集层预测中的应用[J].石油勘探与开发,2015,42(1):117-124.LIU Z S,SUN Z D.A new type of brittleness factor and its application in mud shale reservoir[J],Petroleum Exploration and Development,2015,42(1):117-124.(In Chinese)
[6]孙赞东,贾承造,李相方,等.非常规油气勘探与开发[M].北京:石油工业出版社,2011.SUN Z D,JIA C H,LI X F,et al.Unconventional oil and gas exploration and development[M].Beijing:Petroleum Industry Press,2011.(In Chinese)
[7]李庆辉,陈勉,金衍,等.页岩气储层岩石力学特征及脆性评价[J].石油钻探技术,2012,40(4):18-22.LI Q H,CHEN M,JIN Y,et al.Rock mechanics characteristics and brittleness evaluation of shale gas reservoir[J].Petroleum Drilling Techniques,2012,40(4):18-22.(In Chinese)
[8]WANG F P.Production fairway:Speed rails in gas shale[C].Paper presented at the 7th Annual Gas Summit,6-7 May 2008,Dallas,Teaxs,USA.New York:SPE,2011,11(6):2881-2892.
[9]刘向君,罗平亚.岩石力学与石油工程[M].北京:石油工业出版社,2004.LIU X J,LUO P Y.Rock mechanics and petroleum engineering[M].Beijing:Petroleum Industry Press,2004.(In Chinese)
[10]梁豪.页岩储层岩石脆性破裂[D].成都:西南石油大学,2014.LIANG H.Brittle fracture of shale reservoir[D].Cheng du:Southwest Petroleum University,2014.(In Chinese)
[11]李钜源.东营凹陷泥页岩矿物组分脆度分析[J].沉积学报,2013,31(4):616-620.LI J Y.Analysis on the composition and brittleness of mud shale in dongying sag[J].Journal of sedimentation.2013,31(4):616-620.(In Chinese)
[12]WHITCOMBE DAVID N,et al.Extended elastic impedance for fluid and lithology prediction[J].SEG Technical Program Expanded Abstracts,2000,19:138-141.
[13]FATTI J L.Detection of gas in sandstone reservoirs using AVO analysis.A 3-D seismic case history using the Geo-stack technique[J].Geophysics,1994,59:1362-1376.
[14]李爱山,印兴耀,张繁昌,等.叠前AVA多参数同步反演技术在含气储层预测中的应用[J].石油物探,2007,46(1):64-68,93.LI A S,YIN X Y,ZHANG F C,et al.Application of multi-parameter synchronous inversion technique with multiplier AVA in prediction of gas-bearing reservoir[J].Petroleum Geophysics,2007,46(1)64-68,93.(In Chinese)
[15]JARVIE DANIEL M,et al.Unconventional shalegas system:The Mississippian Barnett shale of north-central Texas as one model for thermogenic shalegas assessment[J].AAPG Bulletin,2007,91(4):475-499.