机械应力作用下硅橡胶材料的击穿特性研究
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摘要
预制式硅橡胶高压电缆附件在运行过程中由于过盈配合长期承受较大的机械应力,会对其主绝缘材料硅橡胶的性能产生一定影响。本文首先研究了机械应力对硅橡胶击穿特性的影响,测试了不同拉伸比例下硅橡胶材料的击穿特性,并对比了相同厚度下拉伸与未拉伸状态试样的击穿场强,以及拉伸前后试样击穿场强的变化。然后对拉伸后的试样进行红外光谱、密度、力学性能和TSC测试,分析了不同机械应力作用对材料相关理化性能和电气性能的影响。结果表明:拉伸比例从0增大到125%时,厚度为1 mm和2 mm的硅橡胶绝缘材料的击穿场强分别增大了35.4%和51.0%;排除厚度变化的因素,材料在拉伸情况下的击穿场强仍比原始状态下高;撤掉应力后,其击穿场强反而比未拉伸试样低。
Prefabricated silicone rubber high-voltage cable accessories operate under big mechanical stress for a long time due to interference fit, which will affect the performance of silicone rubber. In this paper, the effect of mechanical stress on the breakdown characteristics of silicone rubber was studied at first. The breakdown characteristics of silicone rubber materials under different stretching ratios were tested, and the breakdown strength of the stretched and unstretched samples with the same thickness were compared. Then the infrared spectroscopy, density, mechanical strength, and TSC of samples after stretched were tested, and the effects of different mechanical stresses on the physical and chemical properties and electrical properties of materials were analyzed. The results show that when the stretching ratio increases from 0 to 125%, the breakdown strength of silicone rubber insulation materials with the thickness of 1 mm and 2 mm increased by 35.4% and 51.0%, respectively. Excluding the effect of thickness,the breakdown strength of the sample under stretching is still higher than that of the unstretched sample;when the stress is removed, the breakdown strength is lower than that of the unstretched sample.
Prefabricated silicone rubber high-voltage cable accessories operate under big mechanical stress for a long time due to interference fit, which will affect the performance of silicone rubber. In this paper, the effect of mechanical stress on the breakdown characteristics of silicone rubber was studied at first. The breakdown characteristics of silicone rubber materials under different stretching ratios were tested, and the breakdown strength of the stretched and unstretched samples with the same thickness were compared. Then the infrared spectroscopy, density, mechanical strength, and TSC of samples after stretched were tested, and the effects of different mechanical stresses on the physical and chemical properties and electrical properties of materials were analyzed. The results show that when the stretching ratio increases from 0 to 125%, the breakdown strength of silicone rubber insulation materials with the thickness of 1 mm and 2 mm increased by 35.4% and 51.0%, respectively. Excluding the effect of thickness,the breakdown strength of the sample under stretching is still higher than that of the unstretched sample;when the stress is removed, the breakdown strength is lower than that of the unstretched sample.
引文
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[11]刘昌,惠宝军,傅明利,等.机械应力对硅橡胶高压电缆附件运行可靠性的影响[J].高电压技术,2018,44(2):518-526.
[12]梁英,靳哲,张君成.硅橡胶电晕老化后的陷阱对其闪络电压的影响[J].高电压技术,2017,43(7):2309-2315.
[13]梁英,李成榕,丁立健,等.硅橡胶热刺激电流试验参数的研究[J].高电压技术,2007,33(3):87-90.
[14]陈晓春,郑敏聪,李建华.合成绝缘子硅橡胶伞群材料的老化特性及其红外光谱研究[J].中国电机工程学报,2012,32(S1):57-62.
[2]惠宝军,傅明利,刘通,等. 110 kV及以上电力电缆系统故障统计分析[J].南方电网技术,2017,11(12):44-50,67.
[3] LEWIS T J. Polyethylene under electrical stress[J]. IEEE Transactions on Dielectrics and Electrical Insulation,2002,9(5):717-729.
[4] FOURNIE D, DANG C, PAQUIN L. Interfacial breakdown in cable joints[C]//Conference Record of the 1994 IEEE International Symposium on Electrical Insulation. Pittsburgh,USA:IEEE,1994:450-452.
[5]贾志东,张雨津,范伟男,等. 10kV XLPE电缆冷缩中间接头界面压力计算分析[J].高电压技术,2017,43(2):661-665.
[6]周远翔,张云霄,陈铮铮,等.机械应力对硅橡胶电树枝起始性能的影响[J].绝缘材料,2017,50(2):53-57,63.
[7]周远翔,张云霄,张旭,等.热老化时间对硅橡胶电树枝起始特性的影响[J].高电压技术,2014,40(4):979-986.
[8]郑飞虎,张冶文,肖春.应力对诱发空间电荷击穿的作用[J].电工技术学报,2006,21(2):31-34.
[9] GRESSUS C L, BLAISE G. Breakdown phenomena related to trapping/detrapping processes in wide band gap insulators[J]. IEEE Transactions on Electrical Insulation,1992,27(3):472-481.
[10] DISSADO L A, MAZZANTI G, MONTANARI G C. The role of trapped space charges in the electrical aging of insulating materials[J]. IEEE Transactions on Dielectrics and Electrical Insulation,1997,4(5):496-506.
[11]刘昌,惠宝军,傅明利,等.机械应力对硅橡胶高压电缆附件运行可靠性的影响[J].高电压技术,2018,44(2):518-526.
[12]梁英,靳哲,张君成.硅橡胶电晕老化后的陷阱对其闪络电压的影响[J].高电压技术,2017,43(7):2309-2315.
[13]梁英,李成榕,丁立健,等.硅橡胶热刺激电流试验参数的研究[J].高电压技术,2007,33(3):87-90.
[14]陈晓春,郑敏聪,李建华.合成绝缘子硅橡胶伞群材料的老化特性及其红外光谱研究[J].中国电机工程学报,2012,32(S1):57-62.