光遗传学工具蛋白视紫红质通道蛋白-2的结构与特性介绍
摘要
视紫红质通道蛋白-2(ChR2)来自莱茵衣藻,由通道蛋白-2(Chop2)与视黄醛结合形成,属于视蛋白的一种,在470nm左右蓝光照射下,ChR2分子构象发生变化形成非选择性阳离子通道,对一价阳离子Na~+、K~+、H~+等和二价阳离子Ca~(2+)等具有通透性,使细胞膜电位变为内正外负,引起细胞去极化兴奋,进而改变细胞的膜电势产生感应电流。ChR2是光遗传学中应用最为广泛的兴奋性光敏蛋白之一,发现和诱导了多种突变体,可根据需要选择其中某种进行相关研究。
引文
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16 Berndt A,Schoenenberger P,Mattis J,et al.High-efficiency channelrhodopsins for fast neuronal stimulation at low light levels[J].Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America,2011,108(18):7 595
17 Berndt A,Yizhar O,Gunaydin LA,et al.Bi-stable neural state switches[J].Nature Neuroscience,2009,12(2):229
18 Schoenenberger P,Gerosa D,Oertner TG.Temporal control of immediate early gene induction by light[J].Plos One,2009,4(12):e8 185
19 Gunaydin LA,Yizhar O,Berndt A,et al.Ultrafast optogenetic control[J].Nature Neuroscience,2010,13(3):387
20 Berndt A,Schoenenberger P,Mattis J,et al.High-efficiency channelrhodopsins for fast neuronal stimulation at low light levels[J].Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America,2011,108(18):7 595
21 Kleinlogel S,Feldbauer K,Dempski RE,et al.Ultra light-sensitive and fast neuronal activation with the Ca2+-permeable channelrhodopsin CatCh[J].Nature Neuroscience,2011,14(4):513
2 Arrenberg AB,Stainier DYR,Baier H,et al.Optogenetic control of cardiac function[J].Science,2010,330(6006):971
3 Bruegmann T,Malan D,Hesse M,et al.Optogenetic control of heart muscle in vitro and in vivo[J].Nature Methods,2010,7(11):897
4 Nussinovitch U,Gepstein L.Optogenetics for in vivo cardiac pacing and resynchronization therapies[J].Nature Biotechnology,2015,33(7):750
5 Kateriya S,Nagel G,Bamberg E,et al."Vision"in singlecelled algae[J].News in Physiological Sciences,2004,19(47):133
6 Nagel G,Ollig D,Fuhrmann M,et al.Channelrhodopsin-1:a light-gated proton channel in green algae[J].Science,2002,296(5577):2 395
7 Nagel G,Szellas T,Huhn W,et al.Channelrhodopsin-2,a directly light-gated cation-selective membrane channel[J].Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America,2003,100(24):13 940
8 Boyden ES,Zhang F,Bamberg E,et al.Millisecond-timescale,genetically targeted optical control of neural activity.[J].Nature Neuroscience,2005,8(9):1 263
9 Kato HE,Zhang F,Yizhar O,et al.Crystal structure of the channelrhodopsin light-gated cation channel[J].Nature,2012,482(7385):369
10 Luecke H,Schobert B,Richter HT,et al.Structure of bacteriorhodopsin at 1.55Aresolution[J].Journal of Molecular Biology,1999,291(4):899
11 Volkov O,Kovalev K,Polovinkin V,et al.Structural insights into ion conduction by channelrhodopsin 2[J].Science,2017,358(6366):eaan8862
12 Zhang F,Wang LP,Boyden ES,et al.Channelrhodopsin-2and optical control of excitable cells[J].Nature Methods,2006,3(10):785
13 Bi A,Cui J,Ma YP,et al.Ectopic expression of a microbialtype rhodopsin restores visual responses in mice with photoreceptor degeneration[J].Neuron,2006,50(1):23
14 Bamann C,Kirsch T,Nagel G.Spectral characteristics of the photocycle of channelrhodopsin-2and its implication for channel function[J].Journal of Molecular Biology,2008,375(3):686
15 Nagel G,Brauner M,Liewald JF,et al.Light activation of channelrhodopsin-2in excitable cells of Caenorhabditis elegans triggers rapid behavioral responses[J].Current Biology Cb,2005,15(24):2 279
16 Berndt A,Schoenenberger P,Mattis J,et al.High-efficiency channelrhodopsins for fast neuronal stimulation at low light levels[J].Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America,2011,108(18):7 595
17 Berndt A,Yizhar O,Gunaydin LA,et al.Bi-stable neural state switches[J].Nature Neuroscience,2009,12(2):229
18 Schoenenberger P,Gerosa D,Oertner TG.Temporal control of immediate early gene induction by light[J].Plos One,2009,4(12):e8 185
19 Gunaydin LA,Yizhar O,Berndt A,et al.Ultrafast optogenetic control[J].Nature Neuroscience,2010,13(3):387
20 Berndt A,Schoenenberger P,Mattis J,et al.High-efficiency channelrhodopsins for fast neuronal stimulation at low light levels[J].Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America,2011,108(18):7 595
21 Kleinlogel S,Feldbauer K,Dempski RE,et al.Ultra light-sensitive and fast neuronal activation with the Ca2+-permeable channelrhodopsin CatCh[J].Nature Neuroscience,2011,14(4):513