FeAl(Si)多孔材料的制备及高温力学性能
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摘要
研究以Fe、Al、Si元素粉末为原料,采用粉末冶金法,通过偏扩散/反应烧结制备FeAl(Si)多孔材料。采用X射线衍射(XRD)、扫描电镜(SEM)、能谱仪(EDS)、多孔性能测试和高温拉伸实验等分析测试手段,研究FeAl(Si)多孔材料在烧结过程中的孔结构演变、显微组织形貌和高温力学性能。结果表明,在烧结过程中,随温度升高,孔隙数量增多,孔径增大,经1 120℃保温2 h后得到了具有孔结构丰富,孔隙均匀分布,单一FeAl(Si)相的多孔材料,该材料孔隙度为51.0%,最大孔径为27.3μm,透气度为373.7 m~3/(h·kPa·m~2)。随温度由室温升高,FeAl(Si)多孔材料的抗拉强度先升高后降低,500℃时,FeAl(Si)多孔材料表现出最大的抗拉强度15.24 MPa,温度进一步升高,抗拉强度急剧下降。低温下FeAl(Si)多孔材料表现为脆性断裂,高温下呈现出一定的塑性断裂特征。
FeAl(Si) porous material was prepared by powder metallurgy method by partial diffusion/reaction sintering with Fe, Al and Si element powders as raw materials. The pore structure, microstructure and high temperature mechanical properties of FeAl(Si) porous material were investigated by XRD, SEM, EDS, porous performance tester and heat-strength tensile testing machine. The results show that the number of pores and pore size increased significantly with the increasing temperature. The pores were rounded and evenly distributed after sintering, and a single FeAl(Si) phase was obtained after sintering at 1 120 ℃. The open porosity of the prepared FeAl(Si) porous material was 51.0%, the maximum pore size was 27.3 μm, and the air permeability was 373.7 m~3/(h·kPa·m~2). The high temperature mechanical properties of the FeAl(Si) porous material increased first and then decreased with temperature increasing gradually from room temperature. When the temperature was 500 ℃, the FeAl(Si) porous material exhibited the maximum tensile strength of 15.24 MPa. While further increasing the temperature, the tensile strength decreased sharply. By studying the morphologies of the fractures surfaces, it was brittle fracture at low temperatures and plastic fracture at high temperatures.
FeAl(Si) porous material was prepared by powder metallurgy method by partial diffusion/reaction sintering with Fe, Al and Si element powders as raw materials. The pore structure, microstructure and high temperature mechanical properties of FeAl(Si) porous material were investigated by XRD, SEM, EDS, porous performance tester and heat-strength tensile testing machine. The results show that the number of pores and pore size increased significantly with the increasing temperature. The pores were rounded and evenly distributed after sintering, and a single FeAl(Si) phase was obtained after sintering at 1 120 ℃. The open porosity of the prepared FeAl(Si) porous material was 51.0%, the maximum pore size was 27.3 μm, and the air permeability was 373.7 m~3/(h·kPa·m~2). The high temperature mechanical properties of the FeAl(Si) porous material increased first and then decreased with temperature increasing gradually from room temperature. When the temperature was 500 ℃, the FeAl(Si) porous material exhibited the maximum tensile strength of 15.24 MPa. While further increasing the temperature, the tensile strength decreased sharply. By studying the morphologies of the fractures surfaces, it was brittle fracture at low temperatures and plastic fracture at high temperatures.
引文
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[22] Tan Ping,Chen Jinmei,Tang Huiping,et al.The development of research progress on oxidation of iron aluminides intermetallics at high temperature[J].Journal of Functional Materials,2012,43(B08):29-32(in Chinese).谈萍,陈金妹,汤慧萍,等.FeAl系合金抗高温氧化性能研究进展[J].功能材料,2012,43(B08):29-32.
[2] Wang Peng.Study on emissions and control of inhalable particulates in coal-fired power plants[D].Hangzhou:Zhejiang University,2008(in Chinese).王鹏.燃煤电厂可吸入颗粒物排放及控制研究[D].杭州:浙江大学,2008.
[3] Xue Wenbo,Xu Yanling,Wang Jinnan,et al.Ambient air quality impact of emissions from thermal power industry[J].China Environmental Science,2016,36(5):1281-1288(in Chinese).薛文博,许艳玲,王金南,等.全国火电行业大气污染物排放对空气质量的影响[J].中国环境科学,2016,36(5):1281-1288.
[4] Dong Hongxing.Study on preparation and properties of Ni-Al intermetallic porous materials[D].Changsha:Central South University,2010(in Chinese).董虹星.Ni-Al金属间化合物多孔材料的制备及其性能研究[D].长沙:中南大学,2010.
[5] Jiang Yao.Study on porous materials of Ti-Al intermetallic compounds[D].Changsha:Central South University,2008(in Chinese).江垚.Ti-Al金属间化合物多孔材料的研究[D].长沙:中南大学,2008.
[6] Zhang Jian,Tang Huiping,Xi Zhengping,et al.Cuirent situation of porous metal used in high temperature dust removale[J].Rare Metal Materials and Engineering,2006,35(a02):438-441(in Chinese).张健,汤慧萍,奚正平,等.高温气体净化用金属多孔材料的发展现状[J].稀有金属材料与工程,2006,35(a02):438-441.
[7] Liu J.Metal microporous material and its use in high-temperature coal gas cleaning[J].Techniques & Equipment for Environmental Pollution Control,2003,4(7):32-36.
[8] Gao H,He Y,Shen P,et al.Porous FeAl intermetallics fabricated by elemental powder reactive synthesis[J].Intermetallics,2009,17(12):1041-1046.
[9] Liu Yanan,Jiao Xinyang,Feng Peizhong.Research progress of intermetallic compounds porous materials[J].Materials China,2017,36(z1):532-540(in Chinese).刘亚南,焦欣洋,冯培忠.含Al金属间化合物多孔材料的研究进展[J].中国材料进展,2017,36(z1):532-540.
[10] Zhong Qingdong,Le Xiawen,Ji Dan,et al Research status of iron aluminides intermetallics [J].Powder Metallurgy Technology,2014,32(6):457-463(in Chinese).钟庆东,勒霞文,纪丹,等.铁铝金属间化合物的研究进展[J].粉末冶金技术,2014,32(6):457-463.
[11] Zhang Xuejun,Zheng Yongting,Han Jiecai,et al.Effect of diluent content on Si3N4-SiC-TiN ceramics prepared by self-propagation high-temperature synthesis [J].Journal of the Chinese Ceramic Society,2006,34(6):72-76(in Chinese).张学军,郑永挺,韩杰才,等.稀释剂含量对自蔓延高温合成Si3N4-SiC-TiN陶瓷的影响[J].硅酸盐学报,2006,34(6):72-76.
[12] Li Shoushan.Research on SiC/Cu metal ceramic composites [D].Zhengzhou:Zhengzhou University,2007(in Chinese).黎寿山.SiC/Cu金属陶瓷复合材料的研究[D].郑州:郑州大学,2007.
[13] Gao Haiyan.Study on porous materials of Fe-Al intermetallic compounds[D].Changsha:Central South University,2009 (in Chinese).高海燕.Fe-Al金属间化合物多孔材料的研究[D].长沙:中南大学,2009.
[14] Zhu Jilei,Tang Huiping,Li Cheng,et al.Protection of pore structure of metal fibrous materials during wedm [J]Powder Metallurgy Industry,2007,17(6):27-30(in Chinese).朱纪磊,汤慧萍,王建永,等.金属纤维多孔材料加工过程中孔结构保护研究[J].粉末冶金工业,2007,17(6):27-30.
[15] Chen Yexin.Environmental hydrogen embrittlement of intermetallics[J].Journal of Shanghai University (Natural Science) ,2011,17(4):487-502(in Chinese).陈业新.金属间化合物的环境氢脆[J].上海大学学报(自然科学版),2011,17(4):487-502.
[16] Zhang Yonggang.Intermetallic compound structural material[M].Beijing:National Defense Industry Press,2001:865-885(in Chinese).张永刚.金属间化合物结构材料[M].北京:国防工业出版社,2001:865-885.
[17] Cui Chunjuan,Wen Yagang,Yang Meng,et al.Research progress of Fe-Al intermetallic compound[J].Materials Protection,2017,50(9):82-89(in Chinese).崔春娟,问亚岗,杨猛,等.Fe-Al金属间化合物的研究进展[J].材料保护,2017,50(9):82-89.
[18] Zamanzade M,Hasemann G,Motz C,et al.Vacancy effects on the mechanical behavior of B2-FeAl intermetallics[J].Materials Science & Engineering A,2017,712:88-96.
[19] Jordan J L,Deevi S C.Vacancy formation and effects in FeAl[J].Intermetallics,2003,11(6):507-528.
[20] Baker I,Xiao H,Klein O,et al.The effect of temperature and Fe:Al ratio on the flow and fracture of FeAl[J].Acta Metallurgica Et Materialia,1995,43(4):1723-1730.
[21] Liu Xiangrong,Zhang Shuzeng,Jiang Jincheng.Analysis on oxidation resistance of FeAl system alloy at high-temperature[J].Hot Working Technology,2009,38(20):38-41(in Chinese).刘祥荣,张树增,姜锦程.FeAl基合金的高温抗氧化性能分析[J].热加工工艺,2009,38(20):38-41.
[22] Tan Ping,Chen Jinmei,Tang Huiping,et al.The development of research progress on oxidation of iron aluminides intermetallics at high temperature[J].Journal of Functional Materials,2012,43(B08):29-32(in Chinese).谈萍,陈金妹,汤慧萍,等.FeAl系合金抗高温氧化性能研究进展[J].功能材料,2012,43(B08):29-32.