大学生任务切换和冲突控制交互作用的事件相关电位研究
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摘要
目的:通过考察任务切换和冲突控制的交互作用,探索执行功能相关领域通用性脑区的动态变化。方法:25例健康大学生(男12例,女13例)完成轮替切换的字母和颜色Flanker任务,两种任务均包含协调和矛盾两个水平。轮替切换为任务切换范式,存在重复和切换试次;Flanker任务存在协调、矛盾试次。分别记录和分析不同试次条件下的反应时、正确率和19通道事件相关电位。结果:反应时的切换与冲突因素交互作用有统计学意义[(F(1,24)=11.98,P<0.05)]。事件相关电位分析显示切换和冲突条件均增强前额区P2(200~260 ms)并削弱额顶中央区P3b(380~440 ms),且后者尚增强额中央区N2(260~320 ms);ERP时空模式结果提示交互效应涉及左顶区(320~400 ms)和右额区(420~460ms)。结论:大学生在执行任务转换和冲突控制时会动态竞争执行功能可能相关领域通用性脑区,在N2阶段共享左顶区刺激-反应映射存储系统,而在P3b阶段共享右额抑制系统。
Objective: To explore the dynamic change of domain generality of executive functions related brain regions by investigating the interaction between task switching and conflict control.Methods: Twenty-five healthy college students( 12 males and 13 females) participated to complete an alternating-runs paradigm that switch between letter and color Flanker tasks.Both tasks contained the congruent and the incongruent conditions.There were repeat trials or switch ones in alternating-runs paradigm( task switching paradigm).And there were congruent and incongruent trials in Flanker tasks.The reaction time,accuracy and event-related potentials of 19 channels were recorded and analyzed.Results: For the reaction time,the interaction between task-switching and cognitive conflict was significant [( F( 1,24) = 11.98,P < 0.05) ].Both the switch and the conflict factors elicited an enhanced frontral P2( 200 ～ 260 ms) effect and a reduced centroparietal P3 b( 380 ～ 440 ms) effect.The latter also elicited an enhanced frontocentral N2( 260 ～ 320 ms) effect.The results of statistical parametric mapping of ERP suggested the interaction between the switching and the conflict factors involved the left parietal region( 320-400ms) and the right frontal region( 420-460 ms).Conclusions: College students can dynamically compete to the domain generality of executive functions related brain regions,the left parietal regions which reflect stimulus-response mapping storage system is shared at N2 stage,and the right frontal regions which reflect inhibition system is shared at P3b stage.
Objective: To explore the dynamic change of domain generality of executive functions related brain regions by investigating the interaction between task switching and conflict control.Methods: Twenty-five healthy college students( 12 males and 13 females) participated to complete an alternating-runs paradigm that switch between letter and color Flanker tasks.Both tasks contained the congruent and the incongruent conditions.There were repeat trials or switch ones in alternating-runs paradigm( task switching paradigm).And there were congruent and incongruent trials in Flanker tasks.The reaction time,accuracy and event-related potentials of 19 channels were recorded and analyzed.Results: For the reaction time,the interaction between task-switching and cognitive conflict was significant [( F( 1,24) = 11.98,P < 0.05) ].Both the switch and the conflict factors elicited an enhanced frontral P2( 200 ～ 260 ms) effect and a reduced centroparietal P3 b( 380 ～ 440 ms) effect.The latter also elicited an enhanced frontocentral N2( 260 ～ 320 ms) effect.The results of statistical parametric mapping of ERP suggested the interaction between the switching and the conflict factors involved the left parietal region( 320-400ms) and the right frontal region( 420-460 ms).Conclusions: College students can dynamically compete to the domain generality of executive functions related brain regions,the left parietal regions which reflect stimulus-response mapping storage system is shared at N2 stage,and the right frontal regions which reflect inhibition system is shared at P3b stage.
引文
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[15]黄四林.任务切换中切换代价产生的机制[J].应用心理学,2010,16(3):257-264.
[16]Tillman CM,Wiens S.Behavioral and ERP indices of response conflict in Stroop and Flanker tasks[J].Psychophysiology,2011,48(10):1405-1411.
[17]Hsieh S,Wu M.Electrophysiological correlates of preparation and implementation for different types of task shifts[J].Brain Res,2011,1423(2):41-52.
[18]Karayanidis F,Sharna D.Event-related potentials reveal multiple components of proactive and reactive control in task switching[M].//Grange J,Houghton G,eds.Task Switching and Cognitive Control.NY:Oxford University Press,2014:200-236.
[19]Folstein JR,Petten C.Influence of cognitive control and mismatch on the N2 component of the ERP:A review[J].Psychophysiology,2008,45(1):152-170.
[20]Gajewski PD,Falkenstein M.Diversity of the P3 in the task-switching paradigm[J].Brain Res,2011,1411(1):87-97.
[21]Jamadar SD,Thienel R,Karayanidis F.Task switching processes[J].Brain Mapp,2015,(3):327-335.
[2]Fedorenko E,Duncan J,Kanwisher N.Broad domain generality in focal regions of frontal and parietal cortex[J].Proc Natl Acad Sci,2013,110(41):16616-16621.
[3]Dajani DR,Uddin LQ.Demystifying cognitive flexibility:implications for clinical and developmental neuroscience[J].Trends Neurosci,2015,38(9):571-578.
[4]Chatham CH,Claus ED,Kim A,et al.Cognitive control reflects context monitoring,not motoric stopping,in response inhibition[J].PLoS One,2012,7(2):e31546-e31546.
[5]Cai W,Ryail S,Chen T,et al.Dissociable roles of right inferior frontal cortex and anterior insula in inhibitory control:evidence from intrinsic and task-related functional parcellation,connectivity,and response profile analyses across multiple datasets[J].J Neurosci,2014,34(44):14652-14667.
[6]Vallesi A,Arbula S,Capizzi M.Domain-independent neural underpinning of task-switching:an fMRI investigation[J].Cortex,2015,65(4):173-183.
[7]Zhao J,Liang WK,Juan CH,et al.Dissociated stimulus and response conflict effect in the Stroop task:evidence from evoked brain potentials and brain oscillations[J].Biol Psychol,2015,104(12):130-138.
[8]Folstein JR,Van C.Influence of cognitive control and mismatch on the N2 component of the ERP:a review[J].Psychophysiology,2008,45(1):152-170.
[9]Karayanidis F,Whitson LR,Heathcote A,et al.Variability in proactive and reactive cognitive control processes across the adult lifespan[J].Front Psychol,2011,2(6):318.
[10]周曙.事件相关电位时空模式与成像[M]//魏景汉.认知神经科学基础.北京:人民教育出版社,2008:74-123.
[11]Gratton G,Coles MG,Donchin E.Optimizing the use of information:strategic control of activation of responses[J].J Exp Psychol Gen,1992,121(4):480-506.
[12]Zhou S,Zhou W,Chen X.Spatiotemporal analysis of ERP during Chinese idiom comprehension[J].Brain Topogr,2004,17(1):27-37.
[13]Hsieh S,Liu H.Electrophysiological correlates of task conflicts in task-switching[J].Brain Res,2008,1203(4):116-125.
[14]Waszak F,Hommel B,Allport A.Interaction of task readiness and automatic retrieval in task switching:negative priming and competitor priming[J].Mem Cognit,2005,33(4):595-610.
[15]黄四林.任务切换中切换代价产生的机制[J].应用心理学,2010,16(3):257-264.
[16]Tillman CM,Wiens S.Behavioral and ERP indices of response conflict in Stroop and Flanker tasks[J].Psychophysiology,2011,48(10):1405-1411.
[17]Hsieh S,Wu M.Electrophysiological correlates of preparation and implementation for different types of task shifts[J].Brain Res,2011,1423(2):41-52.
[18]Karayanidis F,Sharna D.Event-related potentials reveal multiple components of proactive and reactive control in task switching[M].//Grange J,Houghton G,eds.Task Switching and Cognitive Control.NY:Oxford University Press,2014:200-236.
[19]Folstein JR,Petten C.Influence of cognitive control and mismatch on the N2 component of the ERP:A review[J].Psychophysiology,2008,45(1):152-170.
[20]Gajewski PD,Falkenstein M.Diversity of the P3 in the task-switching paradigm[J].Brain Res,2011,1411(1):87-97.
[21]Jamadar SD,Thienel R,Karayanidis F.Task switching processes[J].Brain Mapp,2015,(3):327-335.