多点系泊FPSO串靠外输作业安全距离研究
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摘要
针对1 500 m水深的多点系泊FPSO串靠外输作业方案,研究适用于中国南海不同重现期风浪流极值环境海况下的外输安全距离。先基于三维势流理论利用SESAM软件对FPSO外输作业过程中所需的穿梭油轮进行水动力特征分析,得到船舶在风浪流载荷作用下的位移。再利用Or-caFlex软件对外输作业系统整体进行多体耦合的时域模拟,并分别对挪威北海和中国南海的外输安全距离进行估算。研究结果表明:过分纵荡可以作为估算安全距离的方法之一;针对中国南海北部重现期为1 a一遇的海况条件,外输作业安全距离推荐为68 m;当中国南海北部海域重现期为10 a一遇时,外输作业安全距离推荐为105 m。研究结果有助于FPSO外输作业安全距离的进一步研究,对降低外输作业过程中的碰撞风险具有实际意义。
For the multi-point mooring FPSO tandem offloading operation plan in 1500 m water depth,the safety distance of the tandem offloading under the extreme sea conditions of wind and wave in different recurrence interval in the South China Sea is studied. Based on the three-dimensional potential flow theory,the SESAM software is used to analyze the hydrodynamic characteristics of the shuttle tanker required for the FPSO tandem offloading operation. The displacement of the ship under wind and wave loading is obtained. The OrcaFlex software is used to simulate the multi-body coupling time domain of the tandem offloading system. The safety distances of tandem offloading in the Norwegian North Sea and the South China Sea are estimated. The results show that excessive turbulence can be used as one of the methods to estimate the safety distance. For the sea conditions with 1 year recurrence interval in the northern part of the South China Sea,the safe distance of the tandem offloading operation is recommended to be 68 m. While with 10 year recurrence interval,the safety distance of the tandem offloading operation is recommended to be 105 m. The research results could contribute to the further study of the safety distance of the FPSO tandem offloading operation,and have practical significance for reducing the collision risk during the tandem offloading operation.
For the multi-point mooring FPSO tandem offloading operation plan in 1500 m water depth,the safety distance of the tandem offloading under the extreme sea conditions of wind and wave in different recurrence interval in the South China Sea is studied. Based on the three-dimensional potential flow theory,the SESAM software is used to analyze the hydrodynamic characteristics of the shuttle tanker required for the FPSO tandem offloading operation. The displacement of the ship under wind and wave loading is obtained. The OrcaFlex software is used to simulate the multi-body coupling time domain of the tandem offloading system. The safety distances of tandem offloading in the Norwegian North Sea and the South China Sea are estimated. The results show that excessive turbulence can be used as one of the methods to estimate the safety distance. For the sea conditions with 1 year recurrence interval in the northern part of the South China Sea,the safe distance of the tandem offloading operation is recommended to be 68 m. While with 10 year recurrence interval,the safety distance of the tandem offloading operation is recommended to be 105 m. The research results could contribute to the further study of the safety distance of the FPSO tandem offloading operation,and have practical significance for reducing the collision risk during the tandem offloading operation.
引文
[1]王天英,亓和平,冯永训.新型FPSO IQFP的水动力性能研究[J].石油机械,2013,41(1):49-54.WANG T Y,QI H P,FENG Y X. Research on the hy-drodynamic performance of the neotype FPSO IQFP[J]. China Petroleum Machinery,2013,41(1):49-54.
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[7]吕妍,魏文普,王佳,等. FPSO原油外输溢油风险分析及风险评价[J].中国海上油气,2013,25(5):89-92.LY,WEI W P,WANG J,et al. Oil spill risk analy-sis assessment for oil offloading of FPSO[J]. ChinaOffshore Oil and Gas,2013,25(5):89-92.
[8]王晨征,范菊,缪国平,等. FPSO串靠外输系统动力分析[J].水动力学研究与进展(A辑),2016,31(6):730-738.WANG C Z,FAN J,MIAO G P,et al. Dynamic anal-ysis of FPSO tandem offloading system[J]. ChineseJournal of Hydrodynamics,2016,31(6):730-738.
[9]唐友刚,肖泥土,陈勃任,等.八角形FPSO与穿梭油轮串靠外输中碰撞风险分析[J].海洋工程,2017,35(2):7-12.TANG Y G,XIAO N T,CHEN B R,et al. Risk analy-sis of collision for octagonal FPSO in tandem offloadingoperation[J]. The Ocean Engineering, 2017, 35(2):7-12.
[10] ATEHNJIA D N,PHILIP A O. Risk assessment ofFPSOs tandem offloading operation[J]. InternationalJournal of Advances in Scientific Research and Engi-neering,2017,3(11):127-137.
[11]宋琳,杨树耕,刘宝珑.基于Sesam的大尺度构件水动力计算研究[J].石油矿场机械,2013,42(5):47-50.SONG L,YANG S G,LIU B L. Study on hydrody-namic analysis methods of large-scale component basedon sesam software[J]. Oil Field Equipment,2013,42(5):47-50.
[12] VINNEM J E. Operational safety of FPSOs shuttletanker collision risk summary report[M]. Norway:HSE books,2003:1-24.
[13]陈勃任,唐友刚,黄印,等.八角形FPSO串靠外输系统耦合动力响应分析[J].海洋工程,2017,35(1):21-30.CHEN B R,TANG Y G,HUANG Y,et al. Analysisof coupled dynamics response for octagonal FPSO intandem offloading operation[J]. The Ocean Engi-neering,2017,35(1):21-30.
[14]杨家臣,郑晓涛,朱进全.基于VS2010的FPSO外输指挥系统的开发[J].石油机械,2013,41(10):60-64.YANG J C,ZHENG X T,ZHU J Q. VS2010-baseddevelopment of FPSO outer transportation commandsystem[J]. China Petroleum Machinery,2013,41(10):60-64.
[2]王天英,杜敏,倪玲英.浅水新型FPSO张紧式多点系泊系统时域分析[J].石油机械,2015,43(10):54-58.WANG T Y,DU M,NI L Y. Time domain analysis oftaut multi-point mooring system for new concept FPSO inshallow waters[J]. China Petroleum Machinery,2015,43(10):54-58.
[3]刘振国,万国奎. FPSO旁靠与串靠外输比较[J].资源节约与环保,2012(5):68-72,76.LIU Z G,WAN G K. Comparison of FPSO sibe-by sideand side-by side export[J]. Resources Economization&Environment Protection,2012(5):68-72,76.
[4] CHEN H B,MOAN T. Probabilistic modeling and eval-uation of collision between shuttle tanker and FPSO intandem offloading[J]. Reliability Engineering and Sys-tem Safety,2003,84(2):169-186.
[5]樊红元,刘振平,孙丽萍. FPSO串靠外输碰撞风险分析[J].资源节约与环保,2012(5):61-67.FAN H Y,LIU Z P,SUN L P. Risk analysis of FPSOseries external collision collision[J]. Resources Econo-mization&Environment Protection,2012(5):61-67.
[6]李卿汉. FPSO在石油卸载过程中的风险评估[D].镇江:江苏科技大学,2011.LI Q H. Risk assessment of FPSO in off-loading opera-tion[D]. Zhenjiang:Jiangsu University of Science andTechnology,2011.
[7]吕妍,魏文普,王佳,等. FPSO原油外输溢油风险分析及风险评价[J].中国海上油气,2013,25(5):89-92.LY,WEI W P,WANG J,et al. Oil spill risk analy-sis assessment for oil offloading of FPSO[J]. ChinaOffshore Oil and Gas,2013,25(5):89-92.
[8]王晨征,范菊,缪国平,等. FPSO串靠外输系统动力分析[J].水动力学研究与进展(A辑),2016,31(6):730-738.WANG C Z,FAN J,MIAO G P,et al. Dynamic anal-ysis of FPSO tandem offloading system[J]. ChineseJournal of Hydrodynamics,2016,31(6):730-738.
[9]唐友刚,肖泥土,陈勃任,等.八角形FPSO与穿梭油轮串靠外输中碰撞风险分析[J].海洋工程,2017,35(2):7-12.TANG Y G,XIAO N T,CHEN B R,et al. Risk analy-sis of collision for octagonal FPSO in tandem offloadingoperation[J]. The Ocean Engineering, 2017, 35(2):7-12.
[10] ATEHNJIA D N,PHILIP A O. Risk assessment ofFPSOs tandem offloading operation[J]. InternationalJournal of Advances in Scientific Research and Engi-neering,2017,3(11):127-137.
[11]宋琳,杨树耕,刘宝珑.基于Sesam的大尺度构件水动力计算研究[J].石油矿场机械,2013,42(5):47-50.SONG L,YANG S G,LIU B L. Study on hydrody-namic analysis methods of large-scale component basedon sesam software[J]. Oil Field Equipment,2013,42(5):47-50.
[12] VINNEM J E. Operational safety of FPSOs shuttletanker collision risk summary report[M]. Norway:HSE books,2003:1-24.
[13]陈勃任,唐友刚,黄印,等.八角形FPSO串靠外输系统耦合动力响应分析[J].海洋工程,2017,35(1):21-30.CHEN B R,TANG Y G,HUANG Y,et al. Analysisof coupled dynamics response for octagonal FPSO intandem offloading operation[J]. The Ocean Engi-neering,2017,35(1):21-30.
[14]杨家臣,郑晓涛,朱进全.基于VS2010的FPSO外输指挥系统的开发[J].石油机械,2013,41(10):60-64.YANG J C,ZHENG X T,ZHU J Q. VS2010-baseddevelopment of FPSO outer transportation commandsystem[J]. China Petroleum Machinery,2013,41(10):60-64.