八角金盘籽油超声提取工艺优化及脂肪酸组成分析
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摘要
采用超声波辅助提取法提取八角金盘籽油并测定其脂肪酸组成。在单因素实验的基础上,采用Box-Behnken中心组合实验设计和响应面(RSM)分析法,对八角金盘籽油提取条件进行优化,并用气相色谱(GC)分析了八角金盘籽油脂肪酸组成。结果表明,对八角金盘油的提取影响由大到小依次为液料比、超声时间、超声功率、超声温度。超声波辅助提取法提取八角金盘籽油的优化工艺条件为:超声温度48℃、超声时间30. 00 min、超声功率200 W和液料比9. 6 mL/g,八角金盘籽油的出油率为35. 55%。八角金盘籽油共检测到15种脂肪酸,主要成分为油酸(87. 02%)、亚油酸(7.00%)、顺-10-十五烯酸(3. 08%)。其中不饱和脂肪酸相对质量分数为97. 86%。本研究为八角金盘籽油的开发利用提供了参考。
The Fatsia japonica seed oil was extracted by alcohol-assisted extracts technique and was determined the composition of fatty acids. The extracting condition was optimized using Box-Behnken central composite experimental design and response surface analysis( RSM) method based on single factor experiments. The fatty acid composition of Fatsia japonica seed oil was studied by GC analysis. The results showed that the effects of these factors on the oil extraction efficiency in descending order was : liquid to material ratio > ultrasonic time > ultrasonic power> ultrasonic temperature. The optimum extraction conditions were : the petroleum ether as extraction solven, ratio of raw material and solution 9. 6 mL/g, ultrasonic temperature 48 ℃, ultrasonic time 30 min, ultrasonic power 200 W,and the maximum extraction efficiency of Fatsia japonica seed oil could reach 35. 55%. The Fatsia japonica seed oil were detected 15 kinds of fatty acids. The main fatty acids of Fatsia japonica seed oil were oleic acid(87. 02%), linoleic acid(7. 00%) and cis-10-pentadecenoic acid(3. 08%). The relative content of unsaturated fatty acids was97. 86%. This study provided a scientific basis and technical reference for the development and utilization of Fatsia japonica seed oil.
The Fatsia japonica seed oil was extracted by alcohol-assisted extracts technique and was determined the composition of fatty acids. The extracting condition was optimized using Box-Behnken central composite experimental design and response surface analysis( RSM) method based on single factor experiments. The fatty acid composition of Fatsia japonica seed oil was studied by GC analysis. The results showed that the effects of these factors on the oil extraction efficiency in descending order was : liquid to material ratio > ultrasonic time > ultrasonic power> ultrasonic temperature. The optimum extraction conditions were : the petroleum ether as extraction solven, ratio of raw material and solution 9. 6 mL/g, ultrasonic temperature 48 ℃, ultrasonic time 30 min, ultrasonic power 200 W,and the maximum extraction efficiency of Fatsia japonica seed oil could reach 35. 55%. The Fatsia japonica seed oil were detected 15 kinds of fatty acids. The main fatty acids of Fatsia japonica seed oil were oleic acid(87. 02%), linoleic acid(7. 00%) and cis-10-pentadecenoic acid(3. 08%). The relative content of unsaturated fatty acids was97. 86%. This study provided a scientific basis and technical reference for the development and utilization of Fatsia japonica seed oil.
引文
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[13]张国武,阙龙善,赖笋芽,等.6个油茶优良无性系种子脂肪酸组分与含量分析[J].江西科学,2007, 25(1):33-36ZHANG G W, QUE L S, LAI S Y,et al. Fatty acid composition and content in the analysis of six oil tea(Camellia Oleifera)superior clones species[J]. Jiangxi Science,2007, 25(1):33-36.
[2]TADASHI A, TAKA、UKI S. Triterpenoid saponins from the flower buds of Fatsia japonica[J]. Phytochemistry, 1978, 17:771-773
[3]SOBOLEV E A, GRISHKOVETS V I, KACHALA V V,et al. Triterpene glycosides of Fatsia japonica V Structure of glycosides from flower buds[J]. Chemistry of Natural Compounds,2001, 37(3):292-293
[4]梁志远,甘秀海,王道平,等.八角金盘茎、叶、花(果实)中精油的化学成分分析[J].安徽农业科学,2012,40(15):8473-8475LIANG Z Y, GAN X H, WANG D P, et al.Analysis and comparison of chemical constituents of essential oils from stems, leaves and flowers(Fruits)of Fatsia japonica[J].Journal of Anhui Agricultural Scienceu. 2012, 40(15):8473-8475
[5]卫强,邱镇,徐飞,等.八角金盘叶化学成分及其抗肿瘤活性研究[J].中药材,2015, 38(4):745-750WEI Q, QIU Z, XU F,et al. Chemical components from leaves of fatsia japonica and their antitumor activities in vitro[J].Journal of Chinese Medicinal Materials. 2015, 38(4):745-750
[6]黄建丹,蒋益花.八角金盘花黄酮提取工艺优化及其氧化活性[J].广州化工,2015,43(4):64-68HUANG J D, JIANG Y H. The optimal extracting conditions for fatsia japonica flowers flavonoids and its antioxidant activity[J]. Guangzhou Chemical Industry, 2015.43(4):64-68
[7]黄先青,李来玉.正己烷的毒理学研究概况[J].职业与健康,2003,19(1):11-12HUANG X Q, LI L Y. Study on the toxicology of n-hexane[J]. occupation and health, 2007,19(1):11-12
[8]刘雷,陈丽娜,陈星.超声波辅助提取油莎豆油脂工艺研究[J].油脂工程技术,2009(11):40-42LIU L, CHEN L N, CHEN X. Study on Extraction of oil fat by ultrasonic assisted extraction of oil SHAKESPEA oil ultrasonic assisted extraction of oil from oil of Cyperus esculentus L.[J]. Cereals and Oils Processing, 2009(11):40-42
[9]兴丽,赵凤敏,曹有福,等.超声波提取亚麻籽油工艺及其对亚麻籽微观结构的影响[J].中国粮油学报,2015, 30(12):80-83XING L, ZHAO F M, CAO Y F,et al. Ultrasonic assisted extraction technology of flaxseed oil and its effects on the microstructure variation of flaxseed[J]. Journal of the Chinese Cereals and Oils Association, 2015, 30(12):80-83
[10]张钰斌.高温条件下反式油酸生成机理的研究[D].天津:天津科技大学,2014ZHANG Y B. Study on formation mechanism of elaidic acid under high temperature conditions[D]. Tianjin:Tianjin University of Science and Technology, 2014
[11]郑联合,赵阔,王涛.琼崖海棠籽油的理化性质及脂肪酸组成分析[J].中国油脂,2011, 36(9):60-63ZHENG L H, ZHAO K, WANG T. Physicochemical properties and fatty acid composition of Calophyllum inophyllumseed oil[J]. China Oils and Fats, 2011, 36(9):60-63
[12]李拴柱,宋江春,王建玉,等.高油酸花生遗传育种研究进展[J].作物杂志,2017(3):6-12LI S Z, SONG J C, WANG J Y, et al. Advances in genetics and breeding of high oleic acid peanut[J]. Crops, 2017(3):6-12
[13]张国武,阙龙善,赖笋芽,等.6个油茶优良无性系种子脂肪酸组分与含量分析[J].江西科学,2007, 25(1):33-36ZHANG G W, QUE L S, LAI S Y,et al. Fatty acid composition and content in the analysis of six oil tea(Camellia Oleifera)superior clones species[J]. Jiangxi Science,2007, 25(1):33-36.