九—绵高速公路鲁家沟泥石流形成机制与数值模拟分析
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摘要
拟建九—绵高速公路通过四川省平武县木座乡鲁家沟泥石流堆积扇,经调查对拟建高速公路具有危险性。本文通过对鲁家沟泥石流灾害的现场调查,从物源、地形地貌、水动力条件入手,分析了鲁家沟泥石流灾害的基本特征和形成机制:鲁家沟内基岩风化严重,坡积物丰富,共计有松散固体物源量约6.308 7×106m3,雨量充沛,平均纵坡降424‰,水动力作用强,鲁家沟是在暴雨作用下,顺层斜坡失稳破坏,堰塞沟道并溃决形成的泥石流。本文对鲁家沟泥石流做RAMMS:DEBRIS FLOW数值模拟研究得出:在50年一遇的频率下,泥石流冲出量为5.68×105m3,为防治工程设计提供一定依据。
Jiumian expressway cuts through the debris flow fan in Lujiagou,Muzuo township,Pingwu county,Sichuan province and it is dangerous for the proposed expressway. This paper,according to the field investigation of the debris flow disaster of Lujiagou and based on the topography,provenance and hydrodynamic conditions of debris flow,analyzed the characteristics and causes of debris flow disaster: Lujiagou internal bedrock weathering is very serious,the total amount of loose solids is about 6. 308 7 × 106 m3. The area is abundant in rainfall,the average longitudinal grade is 424‰,and hydrodynamic force is strong. Under the influence of rainstorm,the bedding slope lost stabiity,collapsed into the valley and blocked the channel,then the barrier lake broke and formed the debris flow. In this paper,the RAMMS: DEBRIS FLOW numerical simulation of Lujiagou debris flow shows that: run-out amount of the debris flow is 5. 68 × 105 m3 at the frequency of per 50 years. this study provide a basis for the prevention and control of engineering design.
Jiumian expressway cuts through the debris flow fan in Lujiagou,Muzuo township,Pingwu county,Sichuan province and it is dangerous for the proposed expressway. This paper,according to the field investigation of the debris flow disaster of Lujiagou and based on the topography,provenance and hydrodynamic conditions of debris flow,analyzed the characteristics and causes of debris flow disaster: Lujiagou internal bedrock weathering is very serious,the total amount of loose solids is about 6. 308 7 × 106 m3. The area is abundant in rainfall,the average longitudinal grade is 424‰,and hydrodynamic force is strong. Under the influence of rainstorm,the bedding slope lost stabiity,collapsed into the valley and blocked the channel,then the barrier lake broke and formed the debris flow. In this paper,the RAMMS: DEBRIS FLOW numerical simulation of Lujiagou debris flow shows that: run-out amount of the debris flow is 5. 68 × 105 m3 at the frequency of per 50 years. this study provide a basis for the prevention and control of engineering design.
引文
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[10]杜飞,任光明,夏敏,等.地震作用诱发老滑坡复活机制的数值模拟[J].山地学报,2015,33(2):233-239.DU Fei,REN Guangming,XIA Min,et al.Numerical simulation of the mechanism of seismic action induced by the old landslide[J].Journal of Mountain Science,2015,33(2):233-239.
[11]宋志,巴仁基,刘宇杰.磨西河特大型泥石流堵塞大渡河分析---以一次泥石流规模、不同频率雨洪法流量定量计算[J].灾害学,2010,25(2):73-75.SONG Zhi,BA Renji,LIU Yujie.Nalysis on blocking of the Dadu River by a giant debris flow of Moxi River-Quantitative calculation of scale of a debris flow and flows of different frequencies by rain-flood method.[J].Journal of Catastrophology,2010,25(2):73-75.
[12]乔建平,黄栋,杨宗佶,等.汶川地震极震区泥石流物源动储量统计方法讨论[J].中国地质灾害与防治学报,2012,23(2):1-6.QIAO Jianpin,HUANG Dong,YANG Zongji,et al.Statistical method on dynamic reserve of debris flow’s source materials in meizoseismal area of Wenchuan earthquake region[J].The Chinese Journal of Geological Hazard and Control,2012,23(2):1-6.
[13]方群生,唐川,王毅,等.汶川极震区泥石流动储量与总物源量计算方法研究[J].防灾减灾工程学报,2016,36(6):1008-1014.FANG Qunsheng,TANG Chuan,WANG Yi,et al.Acalculation method for predicting dynamic reserve and the total amout of material source of the debris flows in the Wenchuan meizoseismal area[J].Journal of Disaster Prevention and Mitigation Engineering,2016,36(6):1008-1014.
[14]方群生,唐川,程霄,等.汶川震区泥石流流域内滑坡物源量计算方法探讨[J].水利学报,2015,46(11):1298-1304.FANG Qunsheng,TANG Chuan,CHENG Xiao,et al.A calculation method for predicting landslides volumes of the debris flows in the Wenchuan earthquake area[J].Journal of Hydraulic Engineering,2015,46(11):1298-1304.
[15]Hungr O,Corominas J,Eberhardt E.Estimating landslide motion mechanism,travel distance and velocity[J].Landslide Risk Management,2005:99-128.
[16]Christen M,Kowalski J,Bartelt P.RAMMS:Numerical simulation of dense snow avalanches in three-dimensional terrain[J].Cold Regions Science&Technology,2010,63(1-2):1-14.
[2]杨敏,王运生,胡伟.牛塘沟泥石流发育特征及危险性评价[J].科学技术与工程,2015,16(33):1-7.YANG Min,WANG Yunsheng,HU Wei.Development characteristics and risk assessent of Niutang gully[J].Science Technology and Engineering,2015,16(33):1-7.
[3]尤琳,沈军辉,彭昌翠,等.四川省青川县银溪窝滑坡复活机制研究及稳定性评价[J].水土保持研究,2011(2):44-47.YOU Lin,SHEN Junhui,PENG Changcui,et al.Study on the resurrection mechanism and stability of silver creek nest landslide of Qingchuan Country in Sichuan Province[J].Research of Soil and Water Conservation,2011(2):44-47.
[4]伍保祥,沈军辉,沈中超,等.四川省华蓥市赵子秀山变形体的成因机制研究[J].水文地质工程地质,2008(3):23-27.WU Baoxiang,SHEN Junhui,SHEN Zhongchao,et al.Study of formation mechanism of the Zhaozixiu deformed body of Huaying City,Sichuan Province[J].Hydrogeology&Engineering Geology,2008(3):23-27.
[5]黄海,石胜伟,刘建康.大渡河上游干桥沟泥石流发育特征与防治方法[J].水土保持研究,2015,22(5):354-357.HUANG Hai,SHI Shengwei,LIU Jiankang.Characteristics and countermeasures of debris flow of Ganqiao Gully in the upper Dadu River[J].Research of Soil and Water Conservaton,2015,22(5):354-357.
[6]高波,王佳运,张成航,等.青海省玉树州高原暴雨型泥石流形成机制---以称多县拉隆沟泥石流为例[J].水土保持通报,2016,36(2):28-31.GAO Bo,WANG Jiayun,ZHANG Chenghang,et al.Formation mechanism of rainstorm-induced debris flow in Yushu State of Qinghai Province:A case study on debris flow of Lalong gully in Chengduo Country[J].Bulletin of Soil and Water Conservation,2016,36(2):28-31.
[7]陈泽硕,邓荣贵,宋志,等.四川石棉县“7·4”朱扎沟泥石流形成机制与堵河影响分析[J].中国地质灾害与防治学报,2016,27(3):61-65.CHEN Zeshuo,DENG Rongzhi,SONG Zhi,et al.Analysis of the formation mechanism and blockage of Zhuzha gully debris flow disaster in Shimian of Sichuan on July 4th,2013[J].The Chinese Journal of Geological Hazard and Control,2016,27(3):61-65.
[8]韦方强,胡凯衡,程尊兰.西藏古乡沟泥石流的数值模拟[J].山地学报,2016,24(2):167-171.WEI Fangqiang,HU Kaiheng,CHENG Zunlan.The numerical simulation of the debris flow in the ancient villages of Tibet[J].Journal of Mountain Science,2014,24(2):167-171.
[9]申通,王运生,张云辉.皂角沱崩塌形成机制数值模拟[J].山地学报,2016,34(4):442-450.SHEN Tong,WANG Yunsheng,ZHANG Yunhui.Numerical simulation of the formation mechanism of the formation of saponious formation[J].Journal of Mountain Science,2014,34(4):442-450.
[10]杜飞,任光明,夏敏,等.地震作用诱发老滑坡复活机制的数值模拟[J].山地学报,2015,33(2):233-239.DU Fei,REN Guangming,XIA Min,et al.Numerical simulation of the mechanism of seismic action induced by the old landslide[J].Journal of Mountain Science,2015,33(2):233-239.
[11]宋志,巴仁基,刘宇杰.磨西河特大型泥石流堵塞大渡河分析---以一次泥石流规模、不同频率雨洪法流量定量计算[J].灾害学,2010,25(2):73-75.SONG Zhi,BA Renji,LIU Yujie.Nalysis on blocking of the Dadu River by a giant debris flow of Moxi River-Quantitative calculation of scale of a debris flow and flows of different frequencies by rain-flood method.[J].Journal of Catastrophology,2010,25(2):73-75.
[12]乔建平,黄栋,杨宗佶,等.汶川地震极震区泥石流物源动储量统计方法讨论[J].中国地质灾害与防治学报,2012,23(2):1-6.QIAO Jianpin,HUANG Dong,YANG Zongji,et al.Statistical method on dynamic reserve of debris flow’s source materials in meizoseismal area of Wenchuan earthquake region[J].The Chinese Journal of Geological Hazard and Control,2012,23(2):1-6.
[13]方群生,唐川,王毅,等.汶川极震区泥石流动储量与总物源量计算方法研究[J].防灾减灾工程学报,2016,36(6):1008-1014.FANG Qunsheng,TANG Chuan,WANG Yi,et al.Acalculation method for predicting dynamic reserve and the total amout of material source of the debris flows in the Wenchuan meizoseismal area[J].Journal of Disaster Prevention and Mitigation Engineering,2016,36(6):1008-1014.
[14]方群生,唐川,程霄,等.汶川震区泥石流流域内滑坡物源量计算方法探讨[J].水利学报,2015,46(11):1298-1304.FANG Qunsheng,TANG Chuan,CHENG Xiao,et al.A calculation method for predicting landslides volumes of the debris flows in the Wenchuan earthquake area[J].Journal of Hydraulic Engineering,2015,46(11):1298-1304.
[15]Hungr O,Corominas J,Eberhardt E.Estimating landslide motion mechanism,travel distance and velocity[J].Landslide Risk Management,2005:99-128.
[16]Christen M,Kowalski J,Bartelt P.RAMMS:Numerical simulation of dense snow avalanches in three-dimensional terrain[J].Cold Regions Science&Technology,2010,63(1-2):1-14.