地震大型滑坡滑带岩体结构特征及地质原型分析
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摘要
以汶川地震触发最大滑坡-大光包滑坡为例,基于现场工程地质调查、槽探、平硐,室内SEM电镜、岩石薄片技术手段,分析地震大型滑坡滑带岩体结构特征及地质原型。结果表明,大光包滑坡滑带岩体一方面遭受了严重构造碎裂,表现为:充填胶结裂隙发育,岩体呈紧密镶嵌的角砾结构和基底式胶结结构,厚度上呈现分带特征;另一方面还发育大量新裂隙,表现为:新鲜裂隙平顺、无充填,具有张性特征,延伸长度短、间距小,优势发育在几乎水平和垂直两方向。通过对显微裂隙分期配套和里德尔裂隙解译,揭示大光包滑坡滑带地质原型为层间构造错动带,地震中大光包滑坡在该带内发生了剪切破坏。
Based on geological investigation and micro-analysis,the earthquake-induced large landslide was studied by taking the Daguangbao landslide as a case. The results show that the sliding zone of the Daguangbao landslide was heavily disturbed by historical tectonic event. The rock was characterized by mosaic breccia with a lot of cemented cracks. A large number of fresh cracks with small spacing and short in length. The dominant directions of these fresh cracks were almost in horizontal and vertical. The cross-cut relationship of the calcite veins and Riedel shears were used in geological analysis. It was found that the shear zone of the Daguangbao landslide was formed in a bedding fault which occurred shear failure during the Wenchuan earthquake.
Based on geological investigation and micro-analysis,the earthquake-induced large landslide was studied by taking the Daguangbao landslide as a case. The results show that the sliding zone of the Daguangbao landslide was heavily disturbed by historical tectonic event. The rock was characterized by mosaic breccia with a lot of cemented cracks. A large number of fresh cracks with small spacing and short in length. The dominant directions of these fresh cracks were almost in horizontal and vertical. The cross-cut relationship of the calcite veins and Riedel shears were used in geological analysis. It was found that the shear zone of the Daguangbao landslide was formed in a bedding fault which occurred shear failure during the Wenchuan earthquake.
引文
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18胡玲,刘俊来,纪沫,等.变形显微构造识别手册.北京:地质出版社,2009:59-96Hu Ling,Liu Junlai,Ji Mo,et al.Deformation microstructures identity manual.Beijing:Geological Publishing House,2009:59-96
19宋光永.川东南地区上震旦统灯影组热液白云岩特征.成都:成都理工大学,2010Song Guangyong.Characteristics of hydrothermal dolomite of Upper Sinian Dengying Formation in southeast Sichuan basin.Chengdu:Chengdu University of Technology,2010
20 Scholle P A,Ulmer-Scholle D S.A color guide to the petrography of carbonate rocks:Grains,textures,porosity,diagenesis.AAPGMemoir,2003;77:1-486
2马煜,李彩侠.汶川强震区龙溪河流域泥石流灾害分布规律研究---以四川省都江堰龙溪河8·13泥石流为例.科学技术与工程,2015;15(10):27-31Ma Yu,Li Caixia.Research on distribution of earthquake induced debris flow in Longxi river area:A case study in the Longxi river of Dujiangyan,Sichuan,China.Science Technology and Engineering,2015;15(10):27-31
3殷跃平.汶川八级地震地质灾害研究.工程地质学报,2008;16(4):433-444Yin Yueping.Researches on the geo-hazards triggered by Wenchuan earthquake,Sichuan.Journal of Engineering Geology,2008;16(4):433-444
4 Gorum T,Fan X M,Westen C J V,et al.Distribution pattern of earthquake-induced landslides triggered by the 12 May 2008 Wenchuan earthquake.Geomorphology,2011;133(3):152-167
5 Dai F C,Tu X B,Xu C,et al.Rock avalanches triggered by oblique-thrusting during the 12 May 2008 Ms8.0 Wenchuan earthquake,China.Geomorphology,2011;132(3):300-318
6 Wang G H,Huang R Q,Chigira M,et al.Landslide amplification by liquefaction of runout-path material after the 2008 Wenchuan(M8.0)earthquake,China.Earth Surface Processes and Landforms,2013;38(3):265-274
7 Cui S H,Wang G H,Pei X J,et al.On the initiation and movement mechanisms of a catastrophic landslide triggered by the 2008 Wenchuan(Ms,8.0)earthquake in the epicenter area.Landslides,2016;14(3):805-819
8崔圣华,裴向军,王功辉,等.基于环剪试验的汶川地震大型滑坡启动机理探索.岩土工程学报,2017;39(12):2268-2277Cui Shenghua,Pei Xiangjun,Wang Gonghui,et al.Initiation of a large landslide triggered by Wenchuan earthquake based on ring shear tests.Chinese Journal of Geotechnical Engineering,2017;39(12):2268-2277
9黄润秋,张伟锋,裴向军.大光包滑坡工程地质研究.工程地质学报,2014;22(4):557-585Huang Runqiu,Zhang Weifeng,Pei Xiangjun.Engingeering geological study on daguangbao landslide.Journal of Engineering Geology,2014;22(4):557-585
10黄润秋,裴向军,李天斌.汶川地震触发大光包巨型滑坡基本特征及形成机理分析.工程地质学报,2008;16(6):730-741Huang Runqiu,Pei Xiangjun,Li Tianbin.Basic characteristics and formation mechanism of the largest scale landslide at Dagungbao occurred during the wenchuan earthquake.Journal of Engineering Geology,2008;16(6):730-741
11黄润秋,裴向军,张伟锋,等.再论大光包滑坡特征与形成机制.工程地质学报,2009;17(6):725-736Huang Runqiu,Pei Xiangjun,Zhang Weifeng,et al.Further examination on characteristics and formatiom mechanism of Daguangbao landslide.Journal of Engineering Geology,2009;17(6):725-736
12许向宁,李胜伟,王小群,等.安县大光包滑坡形成机制与运动学特征讨论.工程地质学报,2013;21(2):269-281Xu Xiangning,Li Shengwei,Wang Xiaoqun,et al.Characteristics of formation mechanism and kinematics of Daguangbao landslide caused by Wenchuan earthquake.Journal of Engineering Geology,2013;21(2):269-281
13马艳波.强震条件下巨型滑坡滑带岩体损伤特性研究.成都:成都理工大学,2012Ma Yanbo.Study on damage features of the rock mass in the sliding belt of the giant landslide under the strong earthquake.Chengdu:Chengdu University of Technology,2012
14崔圣华.强震巨型滑坡滑带碎裂岩体微细观分析及静动力破损机制研究.成都:成都理工大学,2014Cui Shenghua.Microstructure and static dynamics damage mechanism of the sliping cataclastic rock of the largest scale landslideA case of Daguangbao landslide in Anxian.Chengdu:Chengdu University of Technology,2014
15 Cui S H,Pei X J,Huang R Q.Effects of geological and tectonic characteristics on the earthquake-triggered Daguangbao landslide,China.Landslides,2018;15(4):649-667
16四川省地质矿产局化探队.中华人民共和国1∶5万地质图说明书-清平幅:H-48-17A.德阳:四川省地质矿产局化探队,1995Geochemical Exploration Brigade of Geology&Mineral Resources Exploration&Development Bureau of Sichuan.Geological map specification of the Peoples Republic of China with scale of 1∶50 000-Qingping:H-48-17A.Deyang:Geochemical Exploration Brigade of Geology&Mineral Resources Exploration&Development Bureau of Sichuan,1995
17杨主恩,俞理宝,鲍秀英.扫描电镜与微观地质研究.北京:学苑出版社,1999Yang Zhuen,Yu Libao,Bao Xiuying.Microgeology research in scanning electron microscopy.Beijing:Academy Press,1999
18胡玲,刘俊来,纪沫,等.变形显微构造识别手册.北京:地质出版社,2009:59-96Hu Ling,Liu Junlai,Ji Mo,et al.Deformation microstructures identity manual.Beijing:Geological Publishing House,2009:59-96
19宋光永.川东南地区上震旦统灯影组热液白云岩特征.成都:成都理工大学,2010Song Guangyong.Characteristics of hydrothermal dolomite of Upper Sinian Dengying Formation in southeast Sichuan basin.Chengdu:Chengdu University of Technology,2010
20 Scholle P A,Ulmer-Scholle D S.A color guide to the petrography of carbonate rocks:Grains,textures,porosity,diagenesis.AAPGMemoir,2003;77:1-486