基于HEC_HMS水文模型的秦淮河流域圩垸式防洪模式洪水模拟
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摘要
圩垸式防洪是我国东部平原水网区和一些中等流域的普遍防洪模式.构建秦淮河流域考虑圩垸的HEC_HMS水文模型,对流域进行降雨径流模拟.比较分析了有圩垸及无圩垸防洪模式对流域洪水的影响.结果表明,HEC_HMS模型应用方便,对秦淮河流域具有良好的适用性,可用于对流域的洪水过程进行模拟预报.秦淮河流域圩垸式防洪较无圩垸式防洪洪量削减均值超过10%、洪峰削减均值超过10%,有效地削减单次洪水的洪量及洪峰.洪水规模越小,圩垸对洪量的影响越显著.本文考虑的圩垸分布情况,圩垸式防洪模式对于流域防洪起到了积极作用.
The polder type of flood control model is general flood control model in eastern plain area and some of the medium river basin in China.The HEC-HMS hydrological model of Qinhuai River basin based polder was established for simulating basin flood runoff.Comparative analysis of flood control effects with polder and without polder is made.The results show that the HEC-HMS hydrological model is convenient and applicable for Qinhuai River basin and could be used to simulate and forecast the process of flood.The mean flood volume and peak flood reduction of the polder type flood control model of Qinhuai river basin is more than10% compared with the model without polder.The polder type of flood control model could reduce the flood volume and peak flood effectively.The smaller of the scale of the flood is,the influence of the polder on the flood volume is more significant.The polder distribution and the polder type of flood control model play a positive effect in river basin flood control under the distribution of polders.
The polder type of flood control model is general flood control model in eastern plain area and some of the medium river basin in China.The HEC-HMS hydrological model of Qinhuai River basin based polder was established for simulating basin flood runoff.Comparative analysis of flood control effects with polder and without polder is made.The results show that the HEC-HMS hydrological model is convenient and applicable for Qinhuai River basin and could be used to simulate and forecast the process of flood.The mean flood volume and peak flood reduction of the polder type flood control model of Qinhuai river basin is more than10% compared with the model without polder.The polder type of flood control model could reduce the flood volume and peak flood effectively.The smaller of the scale of the flood is,the influence of the polder on the flood volume is more significant.The polder distribution and the polder type of flood control model play a positive effect in river basin flood control under the distribution of polders.
引文
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[2]李燕,孙永寿,朱朝霞.HEC-HMS及其在篓子沟流域的应用研究[J].中国农村水利水电,2009(3):47-49.
[3]王力,赵红莉,蒋云钟.HEC-HMS模型在南水北调东线水资源调度中的应用[J].南水北调与水利科技,2007(6):58-61.
[4]雍斌,张万昌,赵登忠,等.HEC-HMS水文模型系统在汉江褒河流域的应用研究[J].水土保持通报,2006(3):86-90.
[5]许有鹏.长江三角洲地区城市化对流域水系与水文过程的影响[M].北京:科学出版社,2012.
[6]高俊峰,韩昌来.太湖地区的圩及其对洪涝的影响[J].湖泊科学,1999(2):105-109.
[7]高俊峰,毛锐.太湖平原圩区分类及圩区洪涝分析——以湖西区为例[J].湖泊科学,1993(4):307-315.
[8]陆波,梁忠民,余钟波.HEC子模型在降雨径流模拟中的应用研究[J].水力发电,2005,31(1):12-14.
[9]梁睿.HEC_HMS水文模型在北张店流域的应用研究[D].太原:太原理工大学,2012.
[10]Hydrologic Engineering Center.HEC-GeoHMS User'sManual[Z].U.S.Army Corps of Engineers,Davis,CA.,2001.
[11]Hydrologic Engineering Center.HEC-HMS Hydrologic Modeling System User's Manual[Z].U.S.Army Corps of Engineers,Davis,CA.,1997.
[12]李倩.秦淮河流域城市化空间格局变化及其水文效应[D].南京:南京大学,2012.
[13]李燕,陈孝田,朱朝霞.HEC-HMS在洪水预报中的应用研究[J].人民黄河,2008(4):23-24.
[14]李春雷,董晓华,邓霞,等.HEC-HMS模型在清江流域洪水模拟中的应用[J].水利科技与经济,2009(5):426-427.