黑龙江乌拉嘎金矿成矿热力学参数研究
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摘要
本文通过对前人工作的总结,在研究矿物共生关系的基础上将乌拉嘎金矿床的成矿作用过程划分为3个成矿阶段,然后利用热力学数据计算出了各个阶段的成矿热力学参数。第1阶段:黄铁矿-早期白色玉髓状石英阶段,Eh范围在-0.5~+0.3 V之间,处于弱还原环境,硫逸度应大于10~(-23);第2阶段:烟灰色玉髓状石英-多金属硫化物阶段,在低温时成矿环境为中酸性(pH=4),弱还原环境(Eh值为-1.0~-0.3 V),硫逸度范围应大于10~(-40),但不会超过10~0。同前一阶段相比,硫逸度下限降低;第3阶段:碳酸盐-石英阶段,碳酸盐矿物的出现预示着成矿已接近尾声,成矿介质的pH值逐步从酸性(pH=3)向中酸性(pH=5)转变,成矿Eh值也从弱还原(-0.5 V)向弱氧化(+0.3 V)过渡,硫逸度下限范围大约在10~(-23)左右,不超过10~0,而氧逸度范围在10~(-20)加左右。这对于深入探讨热液成矿作用过程具有重要参考价值。
Based on a study of mineral paragenetic relationship in combination with results obtained by previous researchers,the authors divided the metallogenic process of the Wulaga gold deposit into three ore-forming stages and figured out the ore-forming thermodynamic parameters of each stage according to thermodynamic data.The first stage was the pyrite-early white chalcedony-like quartz stage,during which Eh values varied in the range of-0.5~+0.3 V,implying a weak reduction environment,and sulfur fugacity should be higher than 10~(-23);the second stage was the ash-gray chalcedony-like quartz- polymetallic sulfide stage,during which the ore-forming environment at low temperature was an intermediate-acid(pH = 4) weakly reducing environment,the sulfur fugacity should be higher than 10~(-40) but not in excess of 10~0,and the lower limit of the sulfur fugacity decreased as compared with that of the first stage;the third stage was the carbonate-quartz stage,during which the formation of the carbonate minerals foreboded the ending of the mineralization,the pH values of the metallogenic media changed gradually from acid(pH = 3) to intermediate-acid(pH = 5),ore-forming Eh values also showed transition from weak reduction(-0.5 V) to weak oxidation(+0.3 V),the lower limit of the sulfur fugacity varied around 10~(-23) and was not in excess of 10°,and the oxygen fugacity varied around 10~(-20).The data obtained by the authors are of important reference value for the in-depth investigation of the hydrothermal ore-forming process.
Based on a study of mineral paragenetic relationship in combination with results obtained by previous researchers,the authors divided the metallogenic process of the Wulaga gold deposit into three ore-forming stages and figured out the ore-forming thermodynamic parameters of each stage according to thermodynamic data.The first stage was the pyrite-early white chalcedony-like quartz stage,during which Eh values varied in the range of-0.5~+0.3 V,implying a weak reduction environment,and sulfur fugacity should be higher than 10~(-23);the second stage was the ash-gray chalcedony-like quartz- polymetallic sulfide stage,during which the ore-forming environment at low temperature was an intermediate-acid(pH = 4) weakly reducing environment,the sulfur fugacity should be higher than 10~(-40) but not in excess of 10~0,and the lower limit of the sulfur fugacity decreased as compared with that of the first stage;the third stage was the carbonate-quartz stage,during which the formation of the carbonate minerals foreboded the ending of the mineralization,the pH values of the metallogenic media changed gradually from acid(pH = 3) to intermediate-acid(pH = 5),ore-forming Eh values also showed transition from weak reduction(-0.5 V) to weak oxidation(+0.3 V),the lower limit of the sulfur fugacity varied around 10~(-23) and was not in excess of 10°,and the oxygen fugacity varied around 10~(-20).The data obtained by the authors are of important reference value for the in-depth investigation of the hydrothermal ore-forming process.
引文
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Jahn B M.Wu F Y and Chen B.2000.Granitoids of central Asian otogenic belt and continental growth in the Phanerozoic[J].Transactions of the Royal Society of Edinburgh:Earth Sciences.91:181~193.
Li Fengyou.2001.The Wulaga deposit model of ore-prospecting and its applicatior[J].Gold.22(6):11~12(in Chinese with English abstract).
Li J Y.2006.Permian geodynamic setting og Northeast China and adjacent regions:Closure of the Paleo-Asian Ocean and suhduction of the Paleo-Pacific Plate[J]Journal of Asian Earth Sciences.26:207-224.
Li Jinyi.1998.Some new ideas on tectonics of NE China and its neighboring areas[J].Geological Review.44(4):339~347(in Chinese with English abstract).
Li Jingqiang.Zhou Kun and Jin Tonghe.2008.Geological characteristics and origin of Tuanjiegou gold deposit.Heilongjiang Province[J].Gold.29(6):19~24(in Chinese with English abstract).
Liu Shanqi.Li Yongbing.Zeng Qingdong.et al.2013.The utilization of mineral association relationship to determine the metallogenic environment:A case study of the Haigou gold deposit[J].Acta Petrologica et Mineralogica.32(1):99~105(in Chinese with English abstract).
Nei S.1991.Paleoclimatic and laleomagnetic constraints on the Paleozoic reconstructions of South China.North China and Tarim[J].Tectonophysics.196:279~308.
Sengor A M C and Natain B A.1996.Paleotectonics of Asia:Fragments of a synthesis[A].Yin A and Harrison M.The Tectonic Ebolution of Asia[C].Cambridge:Cambridge University Press.486~640.
Sun Fengyue.Wang Li,Huo Liang,et al.2008.Fluid inclusion study on Wulaga gold deposit in Heilongjiang Province and implications for ore genesis[J].Geology in China.35(6):1 267~1 273(in Chinese with English abstract).
Tang Kedong.Wang Ying.He Guoqi.et al.1995.Continental-margin structure of Northeast China and its adjacent areastj J.Acta Geologica Sinica.69(1):16~28(in Chinese with English abstract).
Wang Yongbin.Liu Jianming.Sun Shouke.et al.2012.Zircon U-Pb geochronology.petrogenesis and geological implication of ore-bearing granodiorite porphyry in the Wulaga gold deposit.Heilongjiang Province[J].Acta Petrologica Sinica,28(2):557~570(in Chinese with English abstract).
Wang Yongxiang.Wu Guoxue.Bai Shijun.et al.2005.Characteristics of geology and geochemistry in Wulaga Gold Deposit[J].Global Geology.24(4):338~343(in Chinese with English abstract).
WuF Y.Yang J H,Lo C H Wilde S A.et al.2007.The Heilongjiang Group:A Jurassic accrencnay complex in the Jiamusi Massif at the western Paciic margin of northeastern China[J].Island Arc.16:156~172.
Wu Guoxue.Li Shouyi.Ren Yunsheng.et al.2006.The main factors of orebody controlling and induced polarization of gold finding effecting in Wulaga gold deposit[J].Progress in Geophysics.21(4):1 248~1 251(in Chinese with English abstract).
Xu Jiuhua.Wei Hao,Wang Haiyan.et al.2012.Sub-volcanic hydrothermal mineralization of the Wulaga gold deposit.Heilongjiang.China:Evidences from melt and fluid inclusions[J].Acta Petrologica Sinica.28(4):1 305~1 316(in Chinese with English abstract).
Zeng Q D,Liu J M.Yu C M.et al.2011a.Metal deposits in the Da Hinggan Mountains,NE China:styles,characteristics,and exploration potentia[J].International Geology Review.53:846~878.
Zeng Q D.Liu J M.Zhang Z L,et al.2009.Geology and lead-isotope study of the Baiyinnuoer Zn-Pb-Ag deposit,south segment of the Da Hinggan Mountains.Northeastern China[J].Resource Geology.59(2):170~180.
Zeng Q D.Liu J M.Zhang Z L.et al.2011b.Geology and gecchronology of the Xilamulun molybdenum metallogenic belt in eastern Inner Mongolia.China[J].International Journal of Earth Sciences,100:1791~1809.
Zhang Jing.Chen Yuanrong.Xie Taoyuan.et al.2010.A tentative discussion on the genesis,ore-controlling regularity and prospecting direction of the Tuanjiegou gold deposit[J].Geology in China.37(6):1 710~1 719(in Chinese with English abstract).
胡云沪,陈远荣,孙芹.2010.黑龙江乌拉噶金矿田不同地质体稀土元素特征及其地质意义[J].矿物学报,30(3):373~378.
霍亮.2007.黑龙江嘉荫县乌拉嘎机框矿床成因及预测[M].吉林大学.
来又东.2008.黑龙江乌拉嘎金矿矿床地质特征及矿化富集规律研究[M].吉林大学.
李风友.2001.乌拉嘎金矿床找矿模型及其应用[j].黄金,22(6):11~12.
李锦铁.1998.中国东北及邻区若干地质构造问题的新认识[J].地质论评,44(4):339~347.
李景强,周坤,金同和.2008.黑龙江团结沟金矿床地质特征及矿床成因探讨[J].黄金,29(6):19~24.
刘善琪,李永兵,曾庆栋,等.2013.利用矿物共生关系确定成矿条件——以海金沟矿为例[J].岩石矿物学杂志,32(1):99~105.
聂喜涛.2010.黑龙江省团结沟金矿床成矿地质背景与成矿模式研究[M].吉林大学.
孙丰月,王力,霍亮,等.2008.黑龙江乌拉嘎大型金矿床流体包裹体特征及矿床成因研究中国地质[J].中国地质,35(6):1 267~1 273.
唐克东,王莹,何国琦,等.1995.中国东北及东北邻区大陆边缘构造[J].地质学报,69(1):16~28.
王永彬,刘建明,孙守恪,等.2012.黑龙江省乌拉嘎金矿赋矿花岗闪长斑岩锆石U-Pb年龄、岩石成因及其地质意义[J].岩石学报,28(2):557-570.
王永祥,吴国学,白士俊,等.2005.乌拉嘎金矿床地址地球化学特征研究[J].世界地质,24(4):338~343.
吴国学,李守义,任云生,等.2006.乌拉嘎金矿主要控矿因素与激电法找金效果[J].地球物理学进展,21(4):1 248~1 251.
吴尚全.1995.黑龙江省团结沟斑岩金矿地质[M].地震出版社.
徐九华,魏浩,王海燕.等.2012.黑龙江乌拉嘎金矿的次火山岩浆-热液成矿:熔体-流体包裹体证据[J].岩石学报,28(4):1 305~1 316.
张璟,陈远荣.谢桃园,等.2010.团结沟金矿床成因、构造控矿规律与找矿方向浅析[J].中国地质,37(6):1 710~1 719.
赵桂香,张生义.2009.乌拉嘎金矿控矿因素特点与激电法找矿效果[J].矿业论坛,35:1 154~1155.
①曾庆栋,刘建明,褚少雄,等.2012.辽吉黑有关地区金多金属矿成矿规模总结研究项目成果报告.
Hu Yunhu.Chen Yuanrong and Sun Qin.2010.Geochemical characteristics and significance of REE in different geological bodies in Wulaga Gold Deposit.Heilongjiang Province.China[J].Acta Mineralogica Snica.30(3):373~378(in Chinese with English abstract).
Jahn B M.Wu F Y and Chen B.2000.Granitoids of central Asian otogenic belt and continental growth in the Phanerozoic[J].Transactions of the Royal Society of Edinburgh:Earth Sciences.91:181~193.
Li Fengyou.2001.The Wulaga deposit model of ore-prospecting and its applicatior[J].Gold.22(6):11~12(in Chinese with English abstract).
Li J Y.2006.Permian geodynamic setting og Northeast China and adjacent regions:Closure of the Paleo-Asian Ocean and suhduction of the Paleo-Pacific Plate[J]Journal of Asian Earth Sciences.26:207-224.
Li Jinyi.1998.Some new ideas on tectonics of NE China and its neighboring areas[J].Geological Review.44(4):339~347(in Chinese with English abstract).
Li Jingqiang.Zhou Kun and Jin Tonghe.2008.Geological characteristics and origin of Tuanjiegou gold deposit.Heilongjiang Province[J].Gold.29(6):19~24(in Chinese with English abstract).
Liu Shanqi.Li Yongbing.Zeng Qingdong.et al.2013.The utilization of mineral association relationship to determine the metallogenic environment:A case study of the Haigou gold deposit[J].Acta Petrologica et Mineralogica.32(1):99~105(in Chinese with English abstract).
Nei S.1991.Paleoclimatic and laleomagnetic constraints on the Paleozoic reconstructions of South China.North China and Tarim[J].Tectonophysics.196:279~308.
Sengor A M C and Natain B A.1996.Paleotectonics of Asia:Fragments of a synthesis[A].Yin A and Harrison M.The Tectonic Ebolution of Asia[C].Cambridge:Cambridge University Press.486~640.
Sun Fengyue.Wang Li,Huo Liang,et al.2008.Fluid inclusion study on Wulaga gold deposit in Heilongjiang Province and implications for ore genesis[J].Geology in China.35(6):1 267~1 273(in Chinese with English abstract).
Tang Kedong.Wang Ying.He Guoqi.et al.1995.Continental-margin structure of Northeast China and its adjacent areastj J.Acta Geologica Sinica.69(1):16~28(in Chinese with English abstract).
Wang Yongbin.Liu Jianming.Sun Shouke.et al.2012.Zircon U-Pb geochronology.petrogenesis and geological implication of ore-bearing granodiorite porphyry in the Wulaga gold deposit.Heilongjiang Province[J].Acta Petrologica Sinica,28(2):557~570(in Chinese with English abstract).
Wang Yongxiang.Wu Guoxue.Bai Shijun.et al.2005.Characteristics of geology and geochemistry in Wulaga Gold Deposit[J].Global Geology.24(4):338~343(in Chinese with English abstract).
WuF Y.Yang J H,Lo C H Wilde S A.et al.2007.The Heilongjiang Group:A Jurassic accrencnay complex in the Jiamusi Massif at the western Paciic margin of northeastern China[J].Island Arc.16:156~172.
Wu Guoxue.Li Shouyi.Ren Yunsheng.et al.2006.The main factors of orebody controlling and induced polarization of gold finding effecting in Wulaga gold deposit[J].Progress in Geophysics.21(4):1 248~1 251(in Chinese with English abstract).
Xu Jiuhua.Wei Hao,Wang Haiyan.et al.2012.Sub-volcanic hydrothermal mineralization of the Wulaga gold deposit.Heilongjiang.China:Evidences from melt and fluid inclusions[J].Acta Petrologica Sinica.28(4):1 305~1 316(in Chinese with English abstract).
Zeng Q D,Liu J M.Yu C M.et al.2011a.Metal deposits in the Da Hinggan Mountains,NE China:styles,characteristics,and exploration potentia[J].International Geology Review.53:846~878.
Zeng Q D.Liu J M.Zhang Z L,et al.2009.Geology and lead-isotope study of the Baiyinnuoer Zn-Pb-Ag deposit,south segment of the Da Hinggan Mountains.Northeastern China[J].Resource Geology.59(2):170~180.
Zeng Q D.Liu J M.Zhang Z L.et al.2011b.Geology and gecchronology of the Xilamulun molybdenum metallogenic belt in eastern Inner Mongolia.China[J].International Journal of Earth Sciences,100:1791~1809.
Zhang Jing.Chen Yuanrong.Xie Taoyuan.et al.2010.A tentative discussion on the genesis,ore-controlling regularity and prospecting direction of the Tuanjiegou gold deposit[J].Geology in China.37(6):1 710~1 719(in Chinese with English abstract).
胡云沪,陈远荣,孙芹.2010.黑龙江乌拉噶金矿田不同地质体稀土元素特征及其地质意义[J].矿物学报,30(3):373~378.
霍亮.2007.黑龙江嘉荫县乌拉嘎机框矿床成因及预测[M].吉林大学.
来又东.2008.黑龙江乌拉嘎金矿矿床地质特征及矿化富集规律研究[M].吉林大学.
李风友.2001.乌拉嘎金矿床找矿模型及其应用[j].黄金,22(6):11~12.
李锦铁.1998.中国东北及邻区若干地质构造问题的新认识[J].地质论评,44(4):339~347.
李景强,周坤,金同和.2008.黑龙江团结沟金矿床地质特征及矿床成因探讨[J].黄金,29(6):19~24.
刘善琪,李永兵,曾庆栋,等.2013.利用矿物共生关系确定成矿条件——以海金沟矿为例[J].岩石矿物学杂志,32(1):99~105.
聂喜涛.2010.黑龙江省团结沟金矿床成矿地质背景与成矿模式研究[M].吉林大学.
孙丰月,王力,霍亮,等.2008.黑龙江乌拉嘎大型金矿床流体包裹体特征及矿床成因研究中国地质[J].中国地质,35(6):1 267~1 273.
唐克东,王莹,何国琦,等.1995.中国东北及东北邻区大陆边缘构造[J].地质学报,69(1):16~28.
王永彬,刘建明,孙守恪,等.2012.黑龙江省乌拉嘎金矿赋矿花岗闪长斑岩锆石U-Pb年龄、岩石成因及其地质意义[J].岩石学报,28(2):557-570.
王永祥,吴国学,白士俊,等.2005.乌拉嘎金矿床地址地球化学特征研究[J].世界地质,24(4):338~343.
吴国学,李守义,任云生,等.2006.乌拉嘎金矿主要控矿因素与激电法找金效果[J].地球物理学进展,21(4):1 248~1 251.
吴尚全.1995.黑龙江省团结沟斑岩金矿地质[M].地震出版社.
徐九华,魏浩,王海燕.等.2012.黑龙江乌拉嘎金矿的次火山岩浆-热液成矿:熔体-流体包裹体证据[J].岩石学报,28(4):1 305~1 316.
张璟,陈远荣.谢桃园,等.2010.团结沟金矿床成因、构造控矿规律与找矿方向浅析[J].中国地质,37(6):1 710~1 719.
赵桂香,张生义.2009.乌拉嘎金矿控矿因素特点与激电法找矿效果[J].矿业论坛,35:1 154~1155.
①曾庆栋,刘建明,褚少雄,等.2012.辽吉黑有关地区金多金属矿成矿规模总结研究项目成果报告.