Sedimentology and Sequence Stratigraphy of Marine to Lacustrine Deltaic Deposits in a Craton Basin and Their Controlling Factors: Shan 2 Member–He 8 Member(Guadalupian–Lopingian, Permian), Southeast Ordos Basin, North China
|
摘要
The Shan 2 Member, Shan 1 Member and He 8 Member of the Mid–Late Permian Shanxi and lower Xiashihezi formations, in the southeastern Ordos Basin, together comprise ～150 m of deltaic deposits. This sequence records an overall evolution from deep marine environment to shallow lake associated with braided river, braided river delta and meandering river delta. Core description, well log interpretation, and stable isotope analysis, including carbon, oxygen and strontium, were conducted to understand the sedimentary evolution of Shan 2 to He 8 Member. The Shanxi Formation, which consists of the Shan 2 and Shan 1 members, is characterized by a tidal-influenced meandering river delta environment and a higher δ~(13)C value and ~(87)Sr?(~(86)Sr) ratio and a lower δ~(18)O value. The He 8 Member, the basal part of the Xiashihezi Formation, is featured by a braided river to braided river delta system and a lower δ~(13)C value, ~(87)Sr?(~(86)Sr) ratio, and a higher δ~(18)O value. Four third-order depositional sequences separated by five sequence boundaries are determined. Coarsening upward sequences of the Shan 2 Member–He 8 Member indicate a general regression trend, which can be correlated to global sea-level fall occurring during the Roadian–Wuchiapingian, as also evidenced by previous published zircon U–Pb results. The coal-bearing sequence(Shanxi Formation) to non-coal-bearing sequence(He 8 Member), as well as a decrease of ~(87)Sr?(~(86)Sr), suggest a trend from humid to arid climates. A combined effect of sea-level drop and a small uplift at the end of Shanxi Formation are proposed.
The Shan 2 Member, Shan 1 Member and He 8 Member of the Mid–Late Permian Shanxi and lower Xiashihezi formations, in the southeastern Ordos Basin, together comprise ～150 m of deltaic deposits. This sequence records an overall evolution from deep marine environment to shallow lake associated with braided river, braided river delta and meandering river delta. Core description, well log interpretation, and stable isotope analysis, including carbon, oxygen and strontium, were conducted to understand the sedimentary evolution of Shan 2 to He 8 Member. The Shanxi Formation, which consists of the Shan 2 and Shan 1 members, is characterized by a tidal-influenced meandering river delta environment and a higher δ~(13)C value and ~(87)Sr?(~(86)Sr) ratio and a lower δ~(18)O value. The He 8 Member, the basal part of the Xiashihezi Formation, is featured by a braided river to braided river delta system and a lower δ~(13)C value, ~(87)Sr?(~(86)Sr) ratio, and a higher δ~(18)O value. Four third-order depositional sequences separated by five sequence boundaries are determined. Coarsening upward sequences of the Shan 2 Member–He 8 Member indicate a general regression trend, which can be correlated to global sea-level fall occurring during the Roadian–Wuchiapingian, as also evidenced by previous published zircon U–Pb results. The coal-bearing sequence(Shanxi Formation) to non-coal-bearing sequence(He 8 Member), as well as a decrease of ~(87)Sr?(~(86)Sr), suggest a trend from humid to arid climates. A combined effect of sea-level drop and a small uplift at the end of Shanxi Formation are proposed.
The Shan 2 Member, Shan 1 Member and He 8 Member of the Mid–Late Permian Shanxi and lower Xiashihezi formations, in the southeastern Ordos Basin, together comprise ～150 m of deltaic deposits. This sequence records an overall evolution from deep marine environment to shallow lake associated with braided river, braided river delta and meandering river delta. Core description, well log interpretation, and stable isotope analysis, including carbon, oxygen and strontium, were conducted to understand the sedimentary evolution of Shan 2 to He 8 Member. The Shanxi Formation, which consists of the Shan 2 and Shan 1 members, is characterized by a tidal-influenced meandering river delta environment and a higher δ~(13)C value and ~(87)Sr?(~(86)Sr) ratio and a lower δ~(18)O value. The He 8 Member, the basal part of the Xiashihezi Formation, is featured by a braided river to braided river delta system and a lower δ~(13)C value, ~(87)Sr?(~(86)Sr) ratio, and a higher δ~(18)O value. Four third-order depositional sequences separated by five sequence boundaries are determined. Coarsening upward sequences of the Shan 2 Member–He 8 Member indicate a general regression trend, which can be correlated to global sea-level fall occurring during the Roadian–Wuchiapingian, as also evidenced by previous published zircon U–Pb results. The coal-bearing sequence(Shanxi Formation) to non-coal-bearing sequence(He 8 Member), as well as a decrease of ~(87)Sr?(~(86)Sr), suggest a trend from humid to arid climates. A combined effect of sea-level drop and a small uplift at the end of Shanxi Formation are proposed.
引文
Allen,P.A.,and Allen,J.R.,2013.Basin Analysis:Principles and Application to Petroleum Play Assessment.West Sussex:Wiley-Blackwell,619.
Beglinger,S.E.,Doust,H.,and Cloetingh,S.,2012.Relating petroleum system and play development to basin evolution:West African South Atlantic basins.Marine and Petroleum Geology,30(1):1-25.
Catuneanu,O.,2006.Principles of Sequence Stratigraphy.Armsterdam:Elsevier,375.
Catuneanu,O.,Galloway,W.E.,Kendall C.,Miall,A.D.,Posamentier,H.W.,Strasser,A.,and Tucker,M.E.,2011.Sequence stratigraphy:methodology and nomenclature.Newsletters on Stratigraphy,44(3):173-245.
Chao,Y.,1925.On the age of the Taiyuan Series of North China.Bulletin of the Geological Society of China,4(3-4):221-250.
Chen,H.,Li,J.,Zhang,C.,Cheng,L.,and Cheng,L.,2011.Discussion of sedimentary environment and its geological enlightenment of Shanxi Formation in Ordos Basin.Acta Petrologica Sinica,27(8):2213-2229(in Chinese with English abstract).
Coniglio,M.,Myrow,P.,and White,T.,2000.Stable carbon and oxygen isotope evidence of Cretaceous sea-level fluctuations recorded in septarian concretions from Pueblo,Colorado,USA.Journal of Sedimentary Research,70(3):700-714.
Cope,T.,Ritts,B.D.,Darby,B.J.,Fildani,A.,and Graham,S.,2005.Late Paleozoic sedimentation on the northern margin of the North China block:implications for regional tectonics and climate change.International Geology Review,47(3):270-296.
Dapples,E.C.,1947.Sandstone types and their associated depositional environments.Journal of Sedimentary Research,17(3):91-100.
Dickinson,W.R.,and Gehrels,G.E.,2009a.Use of U-Pb ages of detrital zircons to infer maximum depositional ages of strata:A test against a Colorado Plateau Mesozoic database.Earth and Planetary Science Letters,288(1-2):115-125.
Dickinson,W.R.,and Gehrels,G.E.,2009b.U-Pb ages of detrital zircons in Jurassic eolian and associated sandstones of the Colorado Plateau:Evidence for transcontinental dispersal and intraregional recycling of sediment.Geological Society of America Bulletin,121(3-4):408-433.
Flint,S.,Aitken,J.,and Hampson,G.,1995.Application of sequence stratigraphy to coal-bearing coastal plain successions:implications for the UK Coal Measures.In:Whateley,M.K.G.,and Spears,D.A.(eds.),European Coal Geology.Geological Society,London,Special Publications,82:1-16.
Gomez,F.J.,Ogle,N.,Astini,R.A.,and Kalin,R.M.,2007.Paleoenvironmental and carbon-oxygen isotope record of Middle Cambrian carbonates(La Laja Formation)in the Argentine Precordillera.Journal of Sedimentary Research,77(10):826-842.
Haq,B.U.,and Schutter,S.R.,2008.A chronology of Paleozoic sea-level changes.Science,322(5898):64-68.
Hu,C.Y.,Qian,K.,Wang,X.Q.,Shi,Z.S.,Zhang,G.W.,and Xu,H.Z.,2010.Critical factors for the formation of an Upper Paleozoic giant gas field with multiple gas reservoirs in Ordos Basin and the transmutation of gas reservoir properties.Acta Petrolei Sinica,31(6):879-884(in Chinese with English abstract).
Hu,J.M.,Liu,X.S.,Li,Z.H.,Zhao,Y.,Zhang,S.H.,Liu,X.C.,Qu,H.J.,and Chen,H.,2013.SHRIMP U-Pb zircon dating of the Ordos Basin basement and its tectonic significance.Chinese Science Bulletin,58(1):118-127.
Izart,A.,Stephenson,R.,Vai,G.B.,Vachard,D.,Nindre,Y.L.,Vaslet,D.,Fauvel,P.-J.,Suss,P.,Kossovaya,O.,Chen,Z.Q.,Maslo,A.,and Stovba,S.,2003.Sequence stratigraphy and correlation of late Carboniferous and Permian in the CIS,Europe,Tethyan area,North Africa,Arabia,China,Gondwanaland and the USA.Palaeogeography,Palaeoclimatology,Palaeoecology,196(1):59-84.
Jones,J.V.,Connelly,J.N.,Karlstrom,K.E.,Williams,M.L.,and Doe,M.F.,2009.Age,provenance,and tectonic setting of Paleoproterozoic quartzite successions in the southwestern United States.Geological Society of America Bulletin,121(1-2):247-264.
Li,D.,Shields-Zhou,G.A.,Ling,H.F.,and Thirlwall,M.,2011.Dissolution methods for strontium isotope stratigraphy:guidelines for the use of bulk carbonate and phosphorite rocks.Chemical Geology,290:133-144.
Li,J.,Zhang,W.,Luo,X.,and Hu,G.,2008.Paleokarst reservoirs and gas accumulation in the Jingbian field,Ordos Basin.Marine and Petroleum Geology,25(4):401-415.
Li,S.,Li,S.,Shan,X.,Gong,C.,and Yu,X.,2017a.Classification,formation,and transport mechanisms of mud clasts.International Geology Review,59:1609-1620.
Li,S.,Zhao,S.,Liu,X.,Cao,H.,Yu,S.,Li,X.,Somerville,I.,Yu,S.,and Suo,Y.,2017b.Closure of the Proto-Tethys Ocean and Early Paleozoic amalgamation of microcontinental blocks in East Asia.Earth-Science Reviews,https://doi.org/10.1016/j.earscirev.2017.01.011
Li,Z.,Wang,M.,Yu,J.,Han,M.,Li,J.,and Lv,D.,2006.Sequence stratigraphy of Late Paleozoic coal-bearing measures and the transgressive coal-formed features in Ordos Basin.Acta Sedimentologica Sinica,24(6):834-840(in Chinese with English abstract).
Liu,J.,Tian,J.,Zhang,X.,Zhang,S.,Nie,Y.,Zhao,Q.,and Wei,D.,2006a.Depositional markers of marine transition facies and its evolution of Member 1 of Shanxi Formation,Tabamiao Area,North Ordos Basin.Acta Sedimentologica Sinica,24(1):36-42(in Chinese with English abstract)
Liu,M.,Mooney,W.D.,Li,S.,Okaya,N.,and Detweiler,S.,2006b.Crustal structure of the northeastern margin of the Tibetan plateau from the Songpan-Ganzi terrane to the Ordos basin.Tectonophysics,420(1):253-266.
Ma,S.,Meng,Q.,and Qu,Y.,2011.A study of detrital zircons of Late Carboniferous-Middle Triassic strata in the northern margin of North China block and its geological implication.Geological Bulletin of China,30(10):1485-1500(in Chinese with English abstract).
Mattauer,M.,Matte,P.,Malavieille,J.,Tapponnier,P.,Maluski,H.,Xu Z.,Lu,Y.,and Tang,Y.,1985.Tectonics of the Qinling belt:build-up and evolution of eastern Asia.Nature,317(6037):496-500.
Miall,A.D.,1988.Architectural elements and bounding surfaces in fluvial deposits:anatomy of the Kayenta Formation(Lower Jurassic),southwest Colorado.Sedimentary Geology,55(3):233-262.
Nakazawa,T.,Ueno,K.,Nonomura,N.,and Fujikawa,M.,2015.Microbial community from the Lower Permian(ArtinskianKungurian)paleoclimatic transition,mid-Panthalassan Akiyoshi atoll,Japan.Palaeogeography,Palaeoclimatology,Palaeoecology,420:116-127.
Roscher,M.,and Schneider,J.W.,2006.Permo-Carboniferous climate:Early Pennsylvanian to Late Permian climate development of central Europe in a regional and global context.In:Lucas,S.G.,Cassinis,G.,and Schneider,J.W.(eds),Non-Marine Permian Biostratigraphy and Biochronology.Geological Society,London,Special Publications,265:95-136.
Schumm,S.,1993.River response to baselevel change:implications for sequence stratigraphy.The Journal of Geology,101(2):279-294.
Sun,B.,Zeng,F.,Liu,C.,Cui,X.,and Wang,W.,2014.Constraints on U-Pb Dating of detrital zircon of the maximum depositional age for Upper Paleozoic coal-bearing strata in Xishan Taiyuan and its stratigraphic significance.Acta Geologica Sinica,88(2):185-197(in Chinese with English abstract).
Tian,J.C.,Wu,Q.,Wang,F.,Lin,X.B.,Zhang,J.Q.,and Cao,T.S.,2011.Research on development factors and the deposition Model of large area reservoir sandstones of He 8Member of Xiashihezi Formation of Permian in Ordos basin.Acta Petrologica Sinica,27(8):2403-2412(in Chinese with English abstract)
Vail,P.R.F.,Audemard,S.A.,Bowman,D.,Eisner,N.,and Perezcruz,C.,1988.The stratigraphic signatures of tectonics,eustacy and sedimentology-an overview.In:Einsele,G.,Ricken,W.,and Seilasher,A.(eds.),Cycles and Events in Stratigraphy.Springer-Verlag,Berlin,617-659.
Van Geldern,R.,Joachimski,M.,Day,J.,Jansen,U.,Alvarez,F.,Yolkin,E.,and Ma,X.,2006.Carbon,oxygen and strontium isotope records of Devonian brachiopod shell calcite.Palaeogeography,Palaeoclimatology,Palaeoecology,240(1):47-67.
Wang,H.,Shao,L.Y.,Hao,L.M.,Zhang,P.F.,Glasspoo,I.J.,Wheeley,J.R.,Wignall,P.B.,Yi,T.S.,Zhang,M.Q.,and Hilton,J.,2011.Sedimentology and sequence stratigraphy of the Lopingian(Late Permian)coal measures in southwestern China.International Journal of Coal Geology,85(1):168-183.
Wang,J.,2010.Late Paleozoic macrofloral assemblages from Weibei Coalfield,with reference to vegetational change through the Late Paleozoic Ice-age in the North China Block.International Journal of Coal Geology,83(2):292-317.
Wang,X.,2014.Major breakthrough of gas exploration in Yangchang blocks and its significance.Oil and Gas Geology,35(1):1-9(in Chinese with English abstract).
Wang,W.,Zhou,C.,Guan,C.,Yuan,X.,Chen,Z.,Wan,B.,Wang,W.,Zhou,C.,and Guan,C.,2014.An integrated carbon,oxygen,and strontium isotopic studies of the Lantian Formation in South China with implications for the Shuram anomaly.Chemical Geology,373:10-26.
Xiao,X.,Zhao,B.,Thu,Z.,Song,Z.,and Wilkins,R.,2005.Upper Paleozoic petroleum system,Ordos Basin,China.Marine and Petroleum Geology,22(8):945-963.
Yang,Y.,Li,W.,and Ma,L.,2005a.Tectonic and stratigraphic controls of hydrocarbon systems in the Ordos basin:Amulticycle cratonic basin in central China.AAPG Bulletin,89(2):255-269.
Yang,R.,Fan,A.,Han,Z.,and Tian,Y.,2005b.Geological features of natural gas pool formation in the Upper Paleozoic erathem in the Ordos Basin.Journal of Shandong University of Science and Technology(Natural Science),24(1):53-56(in Chinese with English abstract).
Yin,A.,and Harrison,T.M.,1996.The Tectonic Evolution of Asia.London:Cambridge University Press,219.
Yuan,P.,1925.Carboniferous stratigraphy of northwestern Kansu.Bulletin of the Geological Society of China,4(1):29-37.
Zhang,Z.,Sun,K.,and Yin,J.,1997.Sedimentology and sequence stratigraphy of the Shanxi Formation(Lower Permian)in the northwestern Ordos Basin,China:an alternative sequence model for fluvial strata.Sedimentary Geology,112(1):123-136.
Zhou,J.,Wang,N.,Zhao,Q.,Lin,G.,Yin,X.,and Gao,F.,2014.Petrology characteristics of the Upper Paleozoic sand reservoir in the southeast Ordos Basin.Bulletin of Mineralogy,Petrology and Geochemistry,(4):500-504(in Chinese with English abstract).
Zhu,H.,Chen,K.,Liu,K.,and He,S.,2008.A sequence stratigraphic model for reservoir sand-body distribution in the Lower Permian Shanxi formation in the Ordos Basin,northern China.Marine and Petroleum Geology,25(8):731-743.
Beglinger,S.E.,Doust,H.,and Cloetingh,S.,2012.Relating petroleum system and play development to basin evolution:West African South Atlantic basins.Marine and Petroleum Geology,30(1):1-25.
Catuneanu,O.,2006.Principles of Sequence Stratigraphy.Armsterdam:Elsevier,375.
Catuneanu,O.,Galloway,W.E.,Kendall C.,Miall,A.D.,Posamentier,H.W.,Strasser,A.,and Tucker,M.E.,2011.Sequence stratigraphy:methodology and nomenclature.Newsletters on Stratigraphy,44(3):173-245.
Chao,Y.,1925.On the age of the Taiyuan Series of North China.Bulletin of the Geological Society of China,4(3-4):221-250.
Chen,H.,Li,J.,Zhang,C.,Cheng,L.,and Cheng,L.,2011.Discussion of sedimentary environment and its geological enlightenment of Shanxi Formation in Ordos Basin.Acta Petrologica Sinica,27(8):2213-2229(in Chinese with English abstract).
Coniglio,M.,Myrow,P.,and White,T.,2000.Stable carbon and oxygen isotope evidence of Cretaceous sea-level fluctuations recorded in septarian concretions from Pueblo,Colorado,USA.Journal of Sedimentary Research,70(3):700-714.
Cope,T.,Ritts,B.D.,Darby,B.J.,Fildani,A.,and Graham,S.,2005.Late Paleozoic sedimentation on the northern margin of the North China block:implications for regional tectonics and climate change.International Geology Review,47(3):270-296.
Dapples,E.C.,1947.Sandstone types and their associated depositional environments.Journal of Sedimentary Research,17(3):91-100.
Dickinson,W.R.,and Gehrels,G.E.,2009a.Use of U-Pb ages of detrital zircons to infer maximum depositional ages of strata:A test against a Colorado Plateau Mesozoic database.Earth and Planetary Science Letters,288(1-2):115-125.
Dickinson,W.R.,and Gehrels,G.E.,2009b.U-Pb ages of detrital zircons in Jurassic eolian and associated sandstones of the Colorado Plateau:Evidence for transcontinental dispersal and intraregional recycling of sediment.Geological Society of America Bulletin,121(3-4):408-433.
Flint,S.,Aitken,J.,and Hampson,G.,1995.Application of sequence stratigraphy to coal-bearing coastal plain successions:implications for the UK Coal Measures.In:Whateley,M.K.G.,and Spears,D.A.(eds.),European Coal Geology.Geological Society,London,Special Publications,82:1-16.
Gomez,F.J.,Ogle,N.,Astini,R.A.,and Kalin,R.M.,2007.Paleoenvironmental and carbon-oxygen isotope record of Middle Cambrian carbonates(La Laja Formation)in the Argentine Precordillera.Journal of Sedimentary Research,77(10):826-842.
Haq,B.U.,and Schutter,S.R.,2008.A chronology of Paleozoic sea-level changes.Science,322(5898):64-68.
Hu,C.Y.,Qian,K.,Wang,X.Q.,Shi,Z.S.,Zhang,G.W.,and Xu,H.Z.,2010.Critical factors for the formation of an Upper Paleozoic giant gas field with multiple gas reservoirs in Ordos Basin and the transmutation of gas reservoir properties.Acta Petrolei Sinica,31(6):879-884(in Chinese with English abstract).
Hu,J.M.,Liu,X.S.,Li,Z.H.,Zhao,Y.,Zhang,S.H.,Liu,X.C.,Qu,H.J.,and Chen,H.,2013.SHRIMP U-Pb zircon dating of the Ordos Basin basement and its tectonic significance.Chinese Science Bulletin,58(1):118-127.
Izart,A.,Stephenson,R.,Vai,G.B.,Vachard,D.,Nindre,Y.L.,Vaslet,D.,Fauvel,P.-J.,Suss,P.,Kossovaya,O.,Chen,Z.Q.,Maslo,A.,and Stovba,S.,2003.Sequence stratigraphy and correlation of late Carboniferous and Permian in the CIS,Europe,Tethyan area,North Africa,Arabia,China,Gondwanaland and the USA.Palaeogeography,Palaeoclimatology,Palaeoecology,196(1):59-84.
Jones,J.V.,Connelly,J.N.,Karlstrom,K.E.,Williams,M.L.,and Doe,M.F.,2009.Age,provenance,and tectonic setting of Paleoproterozoic quartzite successions in the southwestern United States.Geological Society of America Bulletin,121(1-2):247-264.
Li,D.,Shields-Zhou,G.A.,Ling,H.F.,and Thirlwall,M.,2011.Dissolution methods for strontium isotope stratigraphy:guidelines for the use of bulk carbonate and phosphorite rocks.Chemical Geology,290:133-144.
Li,J.,Zhang,W.,Luo,X.,and Hu,G.,2008.Paleokarst reservoirs and gas accumulation in the Jingbian field,Ordos Basin.Marine and Petroleum Geology,25(4):401-415.
Li,S.,Li,S.,Shan,X.,Gong,C.,and Yu,X.,2017a.Classification,formation,and transport mechanisms of mud clasts.International Geology Review,59:1609-1620.
Li,S.,Zhao,S.,Liu,X.,Cao,H.,Yu,S.,Li,X.,Somerville,I.,Yu,S.,and Suo,Y.,2017b.Closure of the Proto-Tethys Ocean and Early Paleozoic amalgamation of microcontinental blocks in East Asia.Earth-Science Reviews,https://doi.org/10.1016/j.earscirev.2017.01.011
Li,Z.,Wang,M.,Yu,J.,Han,M.,Li,J.,and Lv,D.,2006.Sequence stratigraphy of Late Paleozoic coal-bearing measures and the transgressive coal-formed features in Ordos Basin.Acta Sedimentologica Sinica,24(6):834-840(in Chinese with English abstract).
Liu,J.,Tian,J.,Zhang,X.,Zhang,S.,Nie,Y.,Zhao,Q.,and Wei,D.,2006a.Depositional markers of marine transition facies and its evolution of Member 1 of Shanxi Formation,Tabamiao Area,North Ordos Basin.Acta Sedimentologica Sinica,24(1):36-42(in Chinese with English abstract)
Liu,M.,Mooney,W.D.,Li,S.,Okaya,N.,and Detweiler,S.,2006b.Crustal structure of the northeastern margin of the Tibetan plateau from the Songpan-Ganzi terrane to the Ordos basin.Tectonophysics,420(1):253-266.
Ma,S.,Meng,Q.,and Qu,Y.,2011.A study of detrital zircons of Late Carboniferous-Middle Triassic strata in the northern margin of North China block and its geological implication.Geological Bulletin of China,30(10):1485-1500(in Chinese with English abstract).
Mattauer,M.,Matte,P.,Malavieille,J.,Tapponnier,P.,Maluski,H.,Xu Z.,Lu,Y.,and Tang,Y.,1985.Tectonics of the Qinling belt:build-up and evolution of eastern Asia.Nature,317(6037):496-500.
Miall,A.D.,1988.Architectural elements and bounding surfaces in fluvial deposits:anatomy of the Kayenta Formation(Lower Jurassic),southwest Colorado.Sedimentary Geology,55(3):233-262.
Nakazawa,T.,Ueno,K.,Nonomura,N.,and Fujikawa,M.,2015.Microbial community from the Lower Permian(ArtinskianKungurian)paleoclimatic transition,mid-Panthalassan Akiyoshi atoll,Japan.Palaeogeography,Palaeoclimatology,Palaeoecology,420:116-127.
Roscher,M.,and Schneider,J.W.,2006.Permo-Carboniferous climate:Early Pennsylvanian to Late Permian climate development of central Europe in a regional and global context.In:Lucas,S.G.,Cassinis,G.,and Schneider,J.W.(eds),Non-Marine Permian Biostratigraphy and Biochronology.Geological Society,London,Special Publications,265:95-136.
Schumm,S.,1993.River response to baselevel change:implications for sequence stratigraphy.The Journal of Geology,101(2):279-294.
Sun,B.,Zeng,F.,Liu,C.,Cui,X.,and Wang,W.,2014.Constraints on U-Pb Dating of detrital zircon of the maximum depositional age for Upper Paleozoic coal-bearing strata in Xishan Taiyuan and its stratigraphic significance.Acta Geologica Sinica,88(2):185-197(in Chinese with English abstract).
Tian,J.C.,Wu,Q.,Wang,F.,Lin,X.B.,Zhang,J.Q.,and Cao,T.S.,2011.Research on development factors and the deposition Model of large area reservoir sandstones of He 8Member of Xiashihezi Formation of Permian in Ordos basin.Acta Petrologica Sinica,27(8):2403-2412(in Chinese with English abstract)
Vail,P.R.F.,Audemard,S.A.,Bowman,D.,Eisner,N.,and Perezcruz,C.,1988.The stratigraphic signatures of tectonics,eustacy and sedimentology-an overview.In:Einsele,G.,Ricken,W.,and Seilasher,A.(eds.),Cycles and Events in Stratigraphy.Springer-Verlag,Berlin,617-659.
Van Geldern,R.,Joachimski,M.,Day,J.,Jansen,U.,Alvarez,F.,Yolkin,E.,and Ma,X.,2006.Carbon,oxygen and strontium isotope records of Devonian brachiopod shell calcite.Palaeogeography,Palaeoclimatology,Palaeoecology,240(1):47-67.
Wang,H.,Shao,L.Y.,Hao,L.M.,Zhang,P.F.,Glasspoo,I.J.,Wheeley,J.R.,Wignall,P.B.,Yi,T.S.,Zhang,M.Q.,and Hilton,J.,2011.Sedimentology and sequence stratigraphy of the Lopingian(Late Permian)coal measures in southwestern China.International Journal of Coal Geology,85(1):168-183.
Wang,J.,2010.Late Paleozoic macrofloral assemblages from Weibei Coalfield,with reference to vegetational change through the Late Paleozoic Ice-age in the North China Block.International Journal of Coal Geology,83(2):292-317.
Wang,X.,2014.Major breakthrough of gas exploration in Yangchang blocks and its significance.Oil and Gas Geology,35(1):1-9(in Chinese with English abstract).
Wang,W.,Zhou,C.,Guan,C.,Yuan,X.,Chen,Z.,Wan,B.,Wang,W.,Zhou,C.,and Guan,C.,2014.An integrated carbon,oxygen,and strontium isotopic studies of the Lantian Formation in South China with implications for the Shuram anomaly.Chemical Geology,373:10-26.
Xiao,X.,Zhao,B.,Thu,Z.,Song,Z.,and Wilkins,R.,2005.Upper Paleozoic petroleum system,Ordos Basin,China.Marine and Petroleum Geology,22(8):945-963.
Yang,Y.,Li,W.,and Ma,L.,2005a.Tectonic and stratigraphic controls of hydrocarbon systems in the Ordos basin:Amulticycle cratonic basin in central China.AAPG Bulletin,89(2):255-269.
Yang,R.,Fan,A.,Han,Z.,and Tian,Y.,2005b.Geological features of natural gas pool formation in the Upper Paleozoic erathem in the Ordos Basin.Journal of Shandong University of Science and Technology(Natural Science),24(1):53-56(in Chinese with English abstract).
Yin,A.,and Harrison,T.M.,1996.The Tectonic Evolution of Asia.London:Cambridge University Press,219.
Yuan,P.,1925.Carboniferous stratigraphy of northwestern Kansu.Bulletin of the Geological Society of China,4(1):29-37.
Zhang,Z.,Sun,K.,and Yin,J.,1997.Sedimentology and sequence stratigraphy of the Shanxi Formation(Lower Permian)in the northwestern Ordos Basin,China:an alternative sequence model for fluvial strata.Sedimentary Geology,112(1):123-136.
Zhou,J.,Wang,N.,Zhao,Q.,Lin,G.,Yin,X.,and Gao,F.,2014.Petrology characteristics of the Upper Paleozoic sand reservoir in the southeast Ordos Basin.Bulletin of Mineralogy,Petrology and Geochemistry,(4):500-504(in Chinese with English abstract).
Zhu,H.,Chen,K.,Liu,K.,and He,S.,2008.A sequence stratigraphic model for reservoir sand-body distribution in the Lower Permian Shanxi formation in the Ordos Basin,northern China.Marine and Petroleum Geology,25(8):731-743.