基于无人机的建筑三维可视化测量方法仿真
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摘要
传统的建筑三维可视化测量方法实现过程较为复杂,所需成本高且三维建模效果有很大的不确定性。为此,提出一种新的基于无人机的建筑三维可视化测量方法。分析了建筑三维可视化测量原理。采用无人机对建筑现场数据进行采集,为建筑三维可视化测量提供依据。在三维建模软件VRPlanner的基础上,通过无人机相机标定、SURF特征点检测、特征点匹配把无人机采集三维数据绘制为三维可视化模型,使得建立三维模型数据的大小和材质均与实际结果相同,保证逼真性。对构建的建筑三维模型进行多点定位,以完成对建筑长度和面积等信息的自动测量。仿真实验结果表明,所提方法测量精度高,实时性好。
Traditionally, 3 D visualization measurement for buildings is too complex. The cost is high and the effect of 3 D modeling is very uncertain. Therefore, a new 3 D visualization measurement method for buildings based on unmanned aerial vehicle(UAV) was proposed. First of all, the principle of three-dimensional visualization for buildings was analyzed. Then, the UAV was used to collect data from building site, providing basis for 3 D visualization measurement of buildings. On the basis of 3 D modeling software VRPlanner, the 3 D data collected by unmanned aerial vehicle was drawn as 3 D visualization model through camera calibration of unmanned aerial vehicle, SURF feature point detection and feature point matching, so that the size and material of 3 D model data was the same as the actual result, and the verisimilitude was guaranteed. Finally, multi-point positioning was conducted on 3 D model of building, so as to complete automatic measurement of building length and building area. Simulation results show that the proposed method has high accuracy of measurement and good real-time performance.
Traditionally, 3 D visualization measurement for buildings is too complex. The cost is high and the effect of 3 D modeling is very uncertain. Therefore, a new 3 D visualization measurement method for buildings based on unmanned aerial vehicle(UAV) was proposed. First of all, the principle of three-dimensional visualization for buildings was analyzed. Then, the UAV was used to collect data from building site, providing basis for 3 D visualization measurement of buildings. On the basis of 3 D modeling software VRPlanner, the 3 D data collected by unmanned aerial vehicle was drawn as 3 D visualization model through camera calibration of unmanned aerial vehicle, SURF feature point detection and feature point matching, so that the size and material of 3 D model data was the same as the actual result, and the verisimilitude was guaranteed. Finally, multi-point positioning was conducted on 3 D model of building, so as to complete automatic measurement of building length and building area. Simulation results show that the proposed method has high accuracy of measurement and good real-time performance.
引文
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[2] 黄丽莲,刘阔,项建弘.基于无人机的三维MIMO信道建模与仿真分析[J].系统工程与电子技术,2015,37(5):1185-1189.
[3] 周晓敏,孟晓林,张雪萍,等.倾斜摄影测量的城市真三维模型构建方法[J].测绘科学,2016,41(9):159-163.
[4] 唐杰,张岩,范聪慧,等.使用高分遥感立体影像提取黄土丘陵区切沟参数的精度分析[J].农业工程学报,2017,33(18):111-117.
[5] 孟祥松,张福民,曲兴华.基于重采样技术的调频连续波激光绝对测距高精度及快速测量方法研究[J].物理学报,2015,64(23):35-41.
[6] 赵坤,张羽君,张建龙,等.基于SLIC分层分割的无人机图像极小目标检测方法[J].数据采集与处理,2017,32(4):737-745.
[7] 毛崔磊,田毅,陈建平,等.基于无人机技术的废弃矿山地形精准测量方法[J].江苏农业科学,2017,45(16):198-201.
[8] 吴珊丹,鲁晓波,闫凤.城市建筑物三维可视化逼真度优化设计仿真[J].计算机仿真,2017,34(1):388-391.
[9] 吴波涛,张煜,李凌霄,等.基于多旋翼单镜头无人机的三维建模技术[J].长江科学院院报,2016,33(11):99-103.
[10] 李冰,林宇龙,黄珣,等.基于激光雷达技术的无人机电网基建管控系统[J].现代电子技术,2018,41(2):99-101.