GPS/GLONASS/BDS广播星历轨道误差分析
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摘要
针对GPS、GLONASS、BDS组合定位中观测值定权的问题,利用广播星历计算卫星位置,以IGS提供的精密星历为参考,将卫星坐标的三维均方根误差与附有加权因子的用户等效距离误差作为精度指标,对各系统轨道误差进行对比分析,找寻其规律。对2013、2014、2015各年8月份轨道误差进行分析,结果表明BDS系统在逐步完善,GPS/GLONASS/BDS 3系统轨道误差的权比在3年间显示出5∶2∶1、5∶2∶2、5∶2∶3的变化。以后的组合定位观测值可参考2015年的权比定权。
Aiming at the problem of determining measurement's weight ratio in GPS/GLONASS/BDS combined positioning,this paper calculated the positions of satellites via broadcast ephemeris,with reference to the precise ephemeris provided by IGS,the root-mean-square of coordinate of satellite and user equivalent range error with weight factor as accuracy indication.Then the law of orbit error was explored through comparison and analysis of the indications.The analysis of orbit errors in each August of 2013,2014 and 2015 shows that the BeiDou satellite navigation and positioning system is being improved gradually and the orbit errors' weight ratio of GPS/GLONASS/BDS is changing at 5∶2∶1、5∶2∶2、5∶2∶3 during the three years.Future measurement's weight ratio can refer to the weight of 2015.
Aiming at the problem of determining measurement's weight ratio in GPS/GLONASS/BDS combined positioning,this paper calculated the positions of satellites via broadcast ephemeris,with reference to the precise ephemeris provided by IGS,the root-mean-square of coordinate of satellite and user equivalent range error with weight factor as accuracy indication.Then the law of orbit error was explored through comparison and analysis of the indications.The analysis of orbit errors in each August of 2013,2014 and 2015 shows that the BeiDou satellite navigation and positioning system is being improved gradually and the orbit errors' weight ratio of GPS/GLONASS/BDS is changing at 5∶2∶1、5∶2∶2、5∶2∶3 during the three years.Future measurement's weight ratio can refer to the weight of 2015.
引文
[1]李敏,施闯,赵齐乐,等.多模全球导航卫星系统融合精密定轨[J].测绘学报,2011,40(S1):26-30.(LI Min,SHI Chuang,ZHAO Qile,et al.Multi-GNSS precision orbit determination[J].Acta Geodaetica et Cartographica Sinica,2011,40(S1):26-30.)
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[4]罗璠,李建文,黄海,等BDS广播星历的轨道误差分析[J].测绘通报,2015(2):70-72,91.(LUO Fan,LI Jianwen,HUANG Hai,et al.Error analysis of orbit determined by BDS broadcast ephemeris[J].Bulletin of Surveying and Mapping,2015(2):70-72,91.)
[5]王乐.北斗卫星广播星历及历书参数拟合算法研究[D].西安:长安大学,2014.(WANG Le.Beidou satellite broadcast ephemeris and almanac parameters fitting algorithms[D].Xi’an:Chang’an University,2014.)
[6]葛茂荣,葛胜杰.GLONASS卫星坐标的计算方法[J].测绘通报,1999(2):2-4.(GE Maorong,GE Shengjie.Coordinate calculation method of GLONASS satellites[J].Bulletin of Surveying and Mapping,1999(2):2-4.)
[7]刘伟平,郝金明,于合理,等.导航卫星精密轨道与钟差确定方法研究及精度分析[J].测绘通报,2014(5):5-7,49.(LIU Weiping,HAO Jinming,YU Heli,et al.Study on the method of precise navigation satellite orbit and clock determination and accuracy analysis[J].Bulletin of Surveying and Mapping,2014(5):5-7,49.)
[8]郭际明,孟祥广,李宗华,等.GLONASS卫星广播星历精度分析[J].大地测量与地球动力学,2011,31(1):68-71.(GUO Jiming,MENG Xiangguang,LI Zonghua,et al.Accuracy analysis of GLONASS satellites broadcast ephemeris[J].Journal of Geodesy and Geodynamics,2011,31(1):68-71.)
[9]施闯,赵齐乐,李敏,等.北斗卫星导航系统的精密定轨与定位研究[J].中国科学:地球科学,2012,42(6):854-861.(SHI Chuang,ZHAO Qile,LI Min,et al.Precise orbit determination of Beidou satellites with precise positioning[J].Science China:Earth Science,2012,42(6):854-861.)
[10]COHENOUR J C,GRAAS F V.GPS orbit and clock error distributions[J].Journal of the Institute of Navigation,2011,58(1):17-28.
[11]文援兰,苏天祥,符京扬.卫星导航系统URE计算方法研究[C]//第四届中国卫星导航学术年会论文集-S1北斗/GNSS导航应用.武汉:中国卫星导航系统管理办公室,2013:5.(WEN Yuanlan,SU Tianxiang,FU Jingyang.The research on the method of calculating the URE of the satellite navigation system[C]//CSNC2013-S1 Beidou/GNSS Navigation Applications Wuhan:China Satellite Ncvagation office.2013:5.)
[12]秦显平,杨元喜,王刚,等.SLR资料精密测定GLONASS卫星轨道[J].武汉大学学报(信息科学版),2003,28(4):440-443.(QIN Xianping,YANG Yuanxi,WANG Gang,et al.GLONASS orbit determination by using SLR data[J].Geomatics and Information Science of Wuhan University,2003,28(4):440-443.)
[13]李鹤峰,党亚民,秘金钟,等.BDS与GPS、GLONASS多模融合导航定位时空统一[J].大地测量与地球动力学,2013,33(4):73-78.(LI Hefeng,DANG Yamin,MI Jinzhong,et al.Research on spatio tempora unification of BDS/GPS/GLONASS multi-mode fusion navigation and positioning[J].Journal of Geodesy and Geodynamics,2013,33(4):73-78.)
[14]时间基准实验室.2015年闰秒公告[EB/OL].(2015-01-12)[2015-12-30].http://www.ntsc.ac.cn/xwzx/kjdt/201501/t20150112_4296 899.html.(Laboratory of time standard.The leap second in 2015[EB/OL].(2015-01-12)[2015-12-30].http://www.ntsc.ac.cn/xwzx/kjdt/201501/t20150112_4296899.html.)
[15]蔡昌盛.GPS/GLONASS组合精密单点定位理论与方法[D].徐州:中国矿业大学,2008.(CAI Changsheng.Theory and method of combined GPS/GLONASS precise point positioning[D].Xuzhou:China University of Mining and Technology,2008.)
[2]李征航,丁文武,李昭.GPS广播星历的轨道误差分析[J].大地测量与地球动力学,2008,28(1):50-54.(LI Zhenghang,DING Wenwu,LI Zhao.Error analysis of orbit determined by GPS broadcast ephemeris[J].Journal of Geodesy and Geodynamics,2008,28(1):50-54.)
[3]余文坤,戴吾蛟,蔡昌盛,等.GPS/GLONASS广播星历精度分析[J].工程勘察,2012(8):79-83.(YU Wenkun,DAI Wujiao,CAI Changsheng,et al.Accuracy analysis of GPS/GLONASS broadcast ephemeris[J].Geotechnical Investigation and Surveying,2012(8):79-83.)
[4]罗璠,李建文,黄海,等BDS广播星历的轨道误差分析[J].测绘通报,2015(2):70-72,91.(LUO Fan,LI Jianwen,HUANG Hai,et al.Error analysis of orbit determined by BDS broadcast ephemeris[J].Bulletin of Surveying and Mapping,2015(2):70-72,91.)
[5]王乐.北斗卫星广播星历及历书参数拟合算法研究[D].西安:长安大学,2014.(WANG Le.Beidou satellite broadcast ephemeris and almanac parameters fitting algorithms[D].Xi’an:Chang’an University,2014.)
[6]葛茂荣,葛胜杰.GLONASS卫星坐标的计算方法[J].测绘通报,1999(2):2-4.(GE Maorong,GE Shengjie.Coordinate calculation method of GLONASS satellites[J].Bulletin of Surveying and Mapping,1999(2):2-4.)
[7]刘伟平,郝金明,于合理,等.导航卫星精密轨道与钟差确定方法研究及精度分析[J].测绘通报,2014(5):5-7,49.(LIU Weiping,HAO Jinming,YU Heli,et al.Study on the method of precise navigation satellite orbit and clock determination and accuracy analysis[J].Bulletin of Surveying and Mapping,2014(5):5-7,49.)
[8]郭际明,孟祥广,李宗华,等.GLONASS卫星广播星历精度分析[J].大地测量与地球动力学,2011,31(1):68-71.(GUO Jiming,MENG Xiangguang,LI Zonghua,et al.Accuracy analysis of GLONASS satellites broadcast ephemeris[J].Journal of Geodesy and Geodynamics,2011,31(1):68-71.)
[9]施闯,赵齐乐,李敏,等.北斗卫星导航系统的精密定轨与定位研究[J].中国科学:地球科学,2012,42(6):854-861.(SHI Chuang,ZHAO Qile,LI Min,et al.Precise orbit determination of Beidou satellites with precise positioning[J].Science China:Earth Science,2012,42(6):854-861.)
[10]COHENOUR J C,GRAAS F V.GPS orbit and clock error distributions[J].Journal of the Institute of Navigation,2011,58(1):17-28.
[11]文援兰,苏天祥,符京扬.卫星导航系统URE计算方法研究[C]//第四届中国卫星导航学术年会论文集-S1北斗/GNSS导航应用.武汉:中国卫星导航系统管理办公室,2013:5.(WEN Yuanlan,SU Tianxiang,FU Jingyang.The research on the method of calculating the URE of the satellite navigation system[C]//CSNC2013-S1 Beidou/GNSS Navigation Applications Wuhan:China Satellite Ncvagation office.2013:5.)
[12]秦显平,杨元喜,王刚,等.SLR资料精密测定GLONASS卫星轨道[J].武汉大学学报(信息科学版),2003,28(4):440-443.(QIN Xianping,YANG Yuanxi,WANG Gang,et al.GLONASS orbit determination by using SLR data[J].Geomatics and Information Science of Wuhan University,2003,28(4):440-443.)
[13]李鹤峰,党亚民,秘金钟,等.BDS与GPS、GLONASS多模融合导航定位时空统一[J].大地测量与地球动力学,2013,33(4):73-78.(LI Hefeng,DANG Yamin,MI Jinzhong,et al.Research on spatio tempora unification of BDS/GPS/GLONASS multi-mode fusion navigation and positioning[J].Journal of Geodesy and Geodynamics,2013,33(4):73-78.)
[14]时间基准实验室.2015年闰秒公告[EB/OL].(2015-01-12)[2015-12-30].http://www.ntsc.ac.cn/xwzx/kjdt/201501/t20150112_4296 899.html.(Laboratory of time standard.The leap second in 2015[EB/OL].(2015-01-12)[2015-12-30].http://www.ntsc.ac.cn/xwzx/kjdt/201501/t20150112_4296899.html.)
[15]蔡昌盛.GPS/GLONASS组合精密单点定位理论与方法[D].徐州:中国矿业大学,2008.(CAI Changsheng.Theory and method of combined GPS/GLONASS precise point positioning[D].Xuzhou:China University of Mining and Technology,2008.)