江西省春季GPS/PWV变化及其在人工增雨作业中的演变特征
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摘要
利用2011—2012年3—5月江西省53个地基GPS观测站数据反演了大气可降水量,探讨了GPS/PWV的精度,分析了江西省春季大气可降水量的时空分布特征及其在人工增雨作业中的演变等。结果表明:江西省整个春季的水汽主要呈南多北少、西高东低分布,各站的GPS/PWV时间分布变化总体趋势较一致,日变化特征均呈先上升后下降趋势。在实际的人工增雨作业中,火箭催化作业前,GPS/PWV呈明显的上升趋势,作业后GPS/PWV快速减小,降水随之出现。
Based on the spring observed data from 53 ground-based GPS observation stations between 2011 and 2012,the accuracy of GPS / PWV,the temporal and spatial distributions of spring atmospheric precipitable water vapor and its evolution in weather modification operation are discussed. Results show that the spring water vapor is more in south and east parts than that in north and west parts of Jiangxi province. The overall trend of the GPS/PWV in all the stations is consistent. The daily variation shows a rise first followed by a decline. During the weather modification operations,GPS/PWV shows an obvious rising trend and then rapidly decreases. After that,the precipitation appears.
Based on the spring observed data from 53 ground-based GPS observation stations between 2011 and 2012,the accuracy of GPS / PWV,the temporal and spatial distributions of spring atmospheric precipitable water vapor and its evolution in weather modification operation are discussed. Results show that the spring water vapor is more in south and east parts than that in north and west parts of Jiangxi province. The overall trend of the GPS/PWV in all the stations is consistent. The daily variation shows a rise first followed by a decline. During the weather modification operations,GPS/PWV shows an obvious rising trend and then rapidly decreases. After that,the precipitation appears.
引文
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徐祥德,陶诗言,王继志,等.2002.青藏高原-季风水汽输送“大三角扇型”影响域特征与中国区域旱涝异常的关系[J].气象学报,60(3):259-265.Xu Xiangde,Tao Shiyan,Wang Jizhi,et al.2002.The relationship between water vapor transport features of Tibetan plateau-monsoon“large triangle”affecting region and drought-flood abnormality of China[J].Acta Meteorologica Sinica,60(3):259-265.(in Chinese)
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周德平,宫福久,张淑杰,等.2005.辽宁云水资源分布特征及开发潜力分析[J].自然资源学报,20(5):644-649.Zhou Deping,Gong Fujiu,Zhang Shujie,et al.2005.Study on the distribution characteristics and developing potential of cloud water resource in Liaoning province[J].Journal of Natural Resources,20(5):644-649.(in Chinese)
邹海波,单九生,吴珊珊,等.2010.利用GAMIT对江西省GPS可降水量的反演应用[J].气象与减灾研究,33(3):56-60.Zou Haibo,Shan Jiusheng,Wu Shanshan,et al.2010.Using gamit to derivate the precipitable water(PW)of Jiangxi province[J].Meteorology and Disaster Reduction Research,33(3):56-60.(in Chinese)
邹海波,单九生,吴珊珊,等.2013.GPS水汽反演方法的改善及其在台风暴雨中的应用[J].中山大学学报(自然科学版),52(6):17-25.Zou Haibo,Shan Jiusheng,Wu Shanshan,et al.2013.Using gamit to derivate the precipitable water(PW)of Jiangxi province[J].Acta Scientiarum Naturalium Universitatis Sunyatseni,52(6):17-25.(in Chinese)39
丁金才,袁招洪,杨引明,等.2009.GPS气象学及其应用[M].北京:气象出版社:54-57.Ding Jincai,Yuan Zhaohong,Yang Yinming,et al.2009.GPS meteorology and its application[M].Beijing:China Meteorological Press:54-57.(in Chinese)
付琦琼,李巾,张瑛.2012.GPS水汽资料在江西强对流天气预报中的初步应用[J].气象与减灾研究,34(3):36-40.Fu Qiqiong,Li Jin,Zhang Ying.2012.Preliminary application of GPS/MET data on the severe convective weather process in Jiangxi[J].Meteorology and Disaster Reduction Research,34(3):36-40.(in Chinese)
谷晓平,王长耀,蒋国华.2005.地基GPS遥感大气水汽含量及在气象上的应用[J].气象科学,25(5):543-550.Gu Xiaoping,Wang Changyao,Jiang Guohua.2005.The research on remote sensing water vapor by ground-based GPS and its apllication to weather prediction[J].Journal of Climate Science,25(5):543-550.(in Chinese)
刘晓莉,牛生杰,陈跃.2006.层状云催化后过冷水分布与演变规律的数值模拟[J].大气科学,30(4):561-560.Liu Xiaoli,Niu Shengjie,Chen Yue.2006.Numerical simulation of distribution and evolution of supercooled liquid water in seeding stratiform cloud[J].Chinese Journal of Atmospheric Sciences,30(4):561-560.(in Chinese)
廖敏,邹海波,单九生.2012.地基GPS水汽资料在江西一次大暴雨过程的应用分析[J].气象与减灾研究,35(3):33-38.Liao Min,Zou Haibo,Shan Jiusheng.2012.Application analysis of ground-based GPS PW data on a heavy rainfall event in Jiangxi[J].Meteorology and Disaster Reduction Research,35(3):33-38.(in Chinese)
向玉春,陈正洪,徐桂荣,等.2009.三种大气可降水量推算方法结果的比较分析[J].气象,35(11):48-54.Xiang Yuchun,Chen Zhenghong,Xu Guirong,et al.2009.Acomparison and analysis of the results of three methods for the calculation of water vapor resources[J].Meteorological Monthly,35(11):48-54.(in Chinese)
徐冬英,张中波,唐林.2015.几种人工增雨效果检验方法分析[J].气象研究与应用,36(1):105-107.Xu Dongying Zhang Zhongbo Tang Lin,et al.2015.Analysis on several testing methods of artificial precipitation effect[J].Journal of Meteorological Research and Application,36(1):105-107.(in Chinese)
徐祥德,陶诗言,王继志,等.2002.青藏高原-季风水汽输送“大三角扇型”影响域特征与中国区域旱涝异常的关系[J].气象学报,60(3):259-265.Xu Xiangde,Tao Shiyan,Wang Jizhi,et al.2002.The relationship between water vapor transport features of Tibetan plateau-monsoon“large triangle”affecting region and drought-flood abnormality of China[J].Acta Meteorologica Sinica,60(3):259-265.(in Chinese)
Yuan L L,Anthes R A,Ware R H,et al.1993.Sensing climate change using the global positioning system[J].J Geophys Res,98(D8):14925-14937.
周德平,宫福久,张淑杰,等.2005.辽宁云水资源分布特征及开发潜力分析[J].自然资源学报,20(5):644-649.Zhou Deping,Gong Fujiu,Zhang Shujie,et al.2005.Study on the distribution characteristics and developing potential of cloud water resource in Liaoning province[J].Journal of Natural Resources,20(5):644-649.(in Chinese)
邹海波,单九生,吴珊珊,等.2010.利用GAMIT对江西省GPS可降水量的反演应用[J].气象与减灾研究,33(3):56-60.Zou Haibo,Shan Jiusheng,Wu Shanshan,et al.2010.Using gamit to derivate the precipitable water(PW)of Jiangxi province[J].Meteorology and Disaster Reduction Research,33(3):56-60.(in Chinese)
邹海波,单九生,吴珊珊,等.2013.GPS水汽反演方法的改善及其在台风暴雨中的应用[J].中山大学学报(自然科学版),52(6):17-25.Zou Haibo,Shan Jiusheng,Wu Shanshan,et al.2013.Using gamit to derivate the precipitable water(PW)of Jiangxi province[J].Acta Scientiarum Naturalium Universitatis Sunyatseni,52(6):17-25.(in Chinese)39