Spatial Distribution Pattern and Han Subgroup Characteristics of Traditional Villages in Guangdong
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摘要
A total of 126 traditional villages in Guangdong were selected for research to analyze their spatial distribution pattern, spatial autocorrelation, and Han subgroup characteristics through the spatial analysis with GIS. The results showed that the traditional villages in Guangdong were distributed compactly, which was similar to that in other provinces; on the prefecture-level city scale, they were mainly distributed in Meizhou, Qingyuan, Zhanjiang, and Zhaoqing, showing a central distribution; on the regional scale, they were mainly distributed in northern Guangdong and the Pearl River Delta, indicating an unbalanced distribution; their density of spatial distribution showed a significant difference with a provincial distribution density of 0.59 per thousand km~2 and the highest distribution density of 2.14 per thousand km~2; there were four gathering areas accommodating many traditional villages, namely Meizhou-Chaoshan area, Guangfo-Dongguan area, Leizhou in Zhanjiang, and Lianzhou in Qingyuan; the spatial distribution of traditional villages, which presented a pattern of hot spot—sub-hot spot—sub-cold spot—cold spot, had a significant global spatial autocorrelation, and areas in similar sizes were tending towards gathering; traditional villages in Guangdong belonged to the Cantonese-speaking group and Hakka-speaking group with a density of 0.59 per thousand km~2 and 0.48 per thousand km~2 respectively, and Han subgroup with the highest distribution density was the minority areas of 1.31 per thousand km~2, followed by Shaozhou dialect area with a density of 1.00 per thousand km~2.
A total of 126 traditional villages in Guangdong were selected for research to analyze their spatial distribution pattern, spatial autocorrelation, and Han subgroup characteristics through the spatial analysis with GIS. The results showed that the traditional villages in Guangdong were distributed compactly, which was similar to that in other provinces; on the prefecture-level city scale, they were mainly distributed in Meizhou, Qingyuan, Zhanjiang, and Zhaoqing, showing a central distribution; on the regional scale, they were mainly distributed in northern Guangdong and the Pearl River Delta, indicating an unbalanced distribution; their density of spatial distribution showed a significant difference with a provincial distribution density of 0.59 per thousand km~2 and the highest distribution density of 2.14 per thousand km~2; there were four gathering areas accommodating many traditional villages, namely Meizhou-Chaoshan area, Guangfo-Dongguan area, Leizhou in Zhanjiang, and Lianzhou in Qingyuan; the spatial distribution of traditional villages, which presented a pattern of hot spot—sub-hot spot—sub-cold spot—cold spot, had a significant global spatial autocorrelation, and areas in similar sizes were tending towards gathering; traditional villages in Guangdong belonged to the Cantonese-speaking group and Hakka-speaking group with a density of 0.59 per thousand km~2 and 0.48 per thousand km~2 respectively, and Han subgroup with the highest distribution density was the minority areas of 1.31 per thousand km~2, followed by Shaozhou dialect area with a density of 1.00 per thousand km~2.
A total of 126 traditional villages in Guangdong were selected for research to analyze their spatial distribution pattern, spatial autocorrelation, and Han subgroup characteristics through the spatial analysis with GIS. The results showed that the traditional villages in Guangdong were distributed compactly, which was similar to that in other provinces; on the prefecture-level city scale, they were mainly distributed in Meizhou, Qingyuan, Zhanjiang, and Zhaoqing, showing a central distribution; on the regional scale, they were mainly distributed in northern Guangdong and the Pearl River Delta, indicating an unbalanced distribution; their density of spatial distribution showed a significant difference with a provincial distribution density of 0.59 per thousand km~2 and the highest distribution density of 2.14 per thousand km~2; there were four gathering areas accommodating many traditional villages, namely Meizhou-Chaoshan area, Guangfo-Dongguan area, Leizhou in Zhanjiang, and Lianzhou in Qingyuan; the spatial distribution of traditional villages, which presented a pattern of hot spot—sub-hot spot—sub-cold spot—cold spot, had a significant global spatial autocorrelation, and areas in similar sizes were tending towards gathering; traditional villages in Guangdong belonged to the Cantonese-speaking group and Hakka-speaking group with a density of 0.59 per thousand km~2 and 0.48 per thousand km~2 respectively, and Han subgroup with the highest distribution density was the minority areas of 1.31 per thousand km~2, followed by Shaozhou dialect area with a density of 1.00 per thousand km~2.
引文
[1]Kang,J.Y.,Zhang,J.H.&Hu,H.et al.(2016).Analysis on the spatial distribution characteristics of Chinese traditional villages.Progress in Geography,35(7),839-850.
[2]Wang,J.&Liu,Y.(2016).Research progress on the spatial distribution of traditional villages in China.Sichuan Architecture,36(2),41-43.
[3]Liu,D.J.,Hu,J.&Chen,J.Z.et al.(2014).The study of spatial distribution pattern of traditional villages in China.China Population,Resources and Environment,24(4),157-162.
[4]Li,B.H.,Yin,S.&Liu,P.L.et al.(2015).Spatial distribution of traditional villages and the influencing factors in Hunan Province.Economic Geography,35(2),191-196.
[5]Lin,L.(2015).Spatial patterns and types characteristics of traditional villages in Zhejiang Province(Master’s thesis).Retrieved from China National Knowledge Infrastructure.
[6]Xin,Y.,Wang,X.J.&Huo,Y.Z.et al.(2015).Analysis of spatial distribution pattern of traditional villages in Shanxi Province.Acta Agriculturae Jiangxi,27(9),142-146.
[7]Li,X.F.&Yan,X.X.(2016).Spatial distribution patterns of traditional villages in Jiangxi Province.Jiangxi Science,34(1),69-75,117.
[8]Cao,Y.C.&Zhang,Y.K.(2013).Appraisal and selection of“Chinese traditional village”and study on the village distribution.Journal of Architecture,(12),44-49.
[9]Tong,Y.Q.&Long,H.L.(2015).The spatial differentiation factors of ethnic traditional villages in Guizhou.Economic Geography,35(3),133-137.
[10]Sun,A.Q.(2012).Advice and suggestions for the protection and development of ancient vil ages in Guangdong.Nanfang Media Group.
[11]Zhuang,W.G.&Lin,P.F.(2014).Protection and tourism development of ancient villages―Taking Guangdong as an example.Tourist Economy,33(7),119-123.
[12]Zeng,Y.,Huang,J.P.&Xiao,D.W.(2015).Traditional village and residential protection strategies based on cultural geography-Taking Meizhou,Guangdong as an example.Small Town Construction,(5),90-94.
[13]Liu,S.H.(2012).The transition and innovation of historical village tourism in Guangdong.Journal of Yuling Normal University,33(6),51-56.
[14]Zhuang,W.G.(2013).The urgent problems need to solve of Guangdong ancient village tourism development.China Travel News.
[15]Kong,X.,Zhou,F.Y.&Miao,C.S.(2016).Influence of tourism development on traditional local culture preservation:based on the field work in Hongcun,Chengkan and Xucun villages.Tropical Geography,36(2),216-224.
[16]Xu,G.L.&Situ,S.J.(2005).On the blending of Chinese and western urban planning and architecture culture in the Wuyi mother-towns of overseas Chinese in Guangdong.Tropical Geography,25(1),87-91.
[17]Zhang,C.(2015).Fengdong ancient village architecture and decoration research(Master’s thesis).Retrieved from China National Knowledge Infrastructure.
[18]He,F.,Chen,Z.&Zhou,H.W.(2016).Construction mode of traditional villages’human settlements in southern Hunan.Tropical Geography,36(4),580-590.
[19]Qiu,L.,Qu,T.&Zhang,H.(2011).Analysis on the characteristics of spatial pattern of traditional village in Wuyi area of Guangdong.Journal of Henan University(Natureal Science),41(5),547-550.
[20]Wang,D.(2016).A study on spatial distribution pattern of traditional villages in Conghua.Huazhong Architecture,34(5),159-161.
[21]Luo,X&Chen,B.(2013).Space distribution of the traditional village of Lingnan.Journal of Anhui Agri.Sci.,41(11),227-228,231.
[22]Ministry of Housing and Urban-Rural Development of the People’s Republic of China.(2012).Notice of Housing and Urban-Rural Construction Ministry,Culture Ministry,Finance Ministry about the announcement of the first batch of traditional Chinese village list.Retrieved from http://www.gov.cn/zwgk/2012-12/20/content_2294327.htm.
[23]Ministry of Housing and Urban-Rural Development of the People’s Republic of China.(2013).Notice of Housing and Urban-Rural Construction Ministry,Culture Ministry,Finance Ministry about the announcement of the first batch of traditional Chinese village list.Retrieved from http://www.mohurd.gov.cn/zcfg/jsbwj_0/jsbwjczghyjs/201308/t20130830_214900.html.
[24]Ministry of Housing and Urban-Rural Development of the People’s Republic of China.(2014).Notice of Housing and Urban-Rural Construction Ministry,Culture Ministry,Finance Ministry about the announcement of the first batch of traditional Chinese village list.Retrieved from http://www.mohurd.gov.cn/zcfg/jsbwj_0/jsbwjczghyjs/201412/t20141203_219694.html.
[25]People’s Government of Guangdong.(2015).Location,scope and area of Guangdong.Guangdong:Guangdong Yearbook Electronic Edition.Retrieved from http://www.gd.gov.cn/gdgk/.
[26]Huang,S.P.(1998).Cultural characteristics of the three Han lines of Guangdong Han nationality.Journal of Guangxi University(Philosophy and Social Sciences Edition),20(6),77-78.
[27]Zhou,T.,Long,Y.&Tang,G.A.et al.(2010).Research on the hybrid index structure for aggregated spatial data.Geography and GeoInformation Science,26(1),7-10.
[28]Cheng,Q.&Ling,S.P.(2013).Geographical distribution and affectiong factors of the intangible cultural heritage in China.Scientia Geographica Sinica,33(10),1166-1172.
[29]Yu,W.C.&Ai,T.H.(2015).The visualization and analysis of poi features under network space supported by kernel density estimation.Acta Geodaetica et Cartographica Sinica,44(1),82-90.
[30]Borruso,G.(2008).Network density estimation:A GIS approach for analyzing point patterns in a network space.Transactions in Gis,12(3),377-402.
[31]Silverman,B.W.(1986).Density estimation for
[31]Silverman,B.W.(1986).Density estimation for statistics and data analysis.Boca Raton:CRCPress,76.
[32]Zhang,S.L.&Zhang,K.(2007).Comparison between general moran’s index and Getis-ord general G of spatial autocorrelation.ACTAScientiarum Naturalium Universitatic Sunyatseni,46(4),93-97.
[33]Chen,Y.G.(2009).Reconstructing the mathematical process of spatial autocorrelation based on Moran’s statistics.Geographical Research,28(6),1449-1463.
[34]Wang,Y.F.,Ge,L.&Sun,Z.F.(2014).The application of hotspot analysis in national geographic condition monitoring data analysis.Geomatics&Spatial Information Technology,37(6),84-85,88,91.
[35]Li,R.,Xiong,Z.H.&Zhang,Z.X.(1987).Chinese language atlas.Hong Kong:Longman(Far East)Company.
[36]Retrieved from http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/.
[37]Tang,X.Q.,Lu,J.&Zang,J.C.(2017).Spatial distribution pattern and sampling technology of Soritia leptalina Larvae on Quercus aquifolioides.Journal of Landscape Research,9(2),38-41,46.
[38]Tang,H.J.&Peng,J.W.(2016).Spatial distribution characteristics of rural tourism attractions in Yangzhou City.Journal of Landscape Research,8(6),129-134.
[39]Wang,F.&Fang,Y.Y.(2016).Spatial distribution and formation mechanism of Chinese folk song cultural landscape genes.Journal of Landscape Research,8(4),93-97.
[2]Wang,J.&Liu,Y.(2016).Research progress on the spatial distribution of traditional villages in China.Sichuan Architecture,36(2),41-43.
[3]Liu,D.J.,Hu,J.&Chen,J.Z.et al.(2014).The study of spatial distribution pattern of traditional villages in China.China Population,Resources and Environment,24(4),157-162.
[4]Li,B.H.,Yin,S.&Liu,P.L.et al.(2015).Spatial distribution of traditional villages and the influencing factors in Hunan Province.Economic Geography,35(2),191-196.
[5]Lin,L.(2015).Spatial patterns and types characteristics of traditional villages in Zhejiang Province(Master’s thesis).Retrieved from China National Knowledge Infrastructure.
[6]Xin,Y.,Wang,X.J.&Huo,Y.Z.et al.(2015).Analysis of spatial distribution pattern of traditional villages in Shanxi Province.Acta Agriculturae Jiangxi,27(9),142-146.
[7]Li,X.F.&Yan,X.X.(2016).Spatial distribution patterns of traditional villages in Jiangxi Province.Jiangxi Science,34(1),69-75,117.
[8]Cao,Y.C.&Zhang,Y.K.(2013).Appraisal and selection of“Chinese traditional village”and study on the village distribution.Journal of Architecture,(12),44-49.
[9]Tong,Y.Q.&Long,H.L.(2015).The spatial differentiation factors of ethnic traditional villages in Guizhou.Economic Geography,35(3),133-137.
[10]Sun,A.Q.(2012).Advice and suggestions for the protection and development of ancient vil ages in Guangdong.Nanfang Media Group.
[11]Zhuang,W.G.&Lin,P.F.(2014).Protection and tourism development of ancient villages―Taking Guangdong as an example.Tourist Economy,33(7),119-123.
[12]Zeng,Y.,Huang,J.P.&Xiao,D.W.(2015).Traditional village and residential protection strategies based on cultural geography-Taking Meizhou,Guangdong as an example.Small Town Construction,(5),90-94.
[13]Liu,S.H.(2012).The transition and innovation of historical village tourism in Guangdong.Journal of Yuling Normal University,33(6),51-56.
[14]Zhuang,W.G.(2013).The urgent problems need to solve of Guangdong ancient village tourism development.China Travel News.
[15]Kong,X.,Zhou,F.Y.&Miao,C.S.(2016).Influence of tourism development on traditional local culture preservation:based on the field work in Hongcun,Chengkan and Xucun villages.Tropical Geography,36(2),216-224.
[16]Xu,G.L.&Situ,S.J.(2005).On the blending of Chinese and western urban planning and architecture culture in the Wuyi mother-towns of overseas Chinese in Guangdong.Tropical Geography,25(1),87-91.
[17]Zhang,C.(2015).Fengdong ancient village architecture and decoration research(Master’s thesis).Retrieved from China National Knowledge Infrastructure.
[18]He,F.,Chen,Z.&Zhou,H.W.(2016).Construction mode of traditional villages’human settlements in southern Hunan.Tropical Geography,36(4),580-590.
[19]Qiu,L.,Qu,T.&Zhang,H.(2011).Analysis on the characteristics of spatial pattern of traditional village in Wuyi area of Guangdong.Journal of Henan University(Natureal Science),41(5),547-550.
[20]Wang,D.(2016).A study on spatial distribution pattern of traditional villages in Conghua.Huazhong Architecture,34(5),159-161.
[21]Luo,X&Chen,B.(2013).Space distribution of the traditional village of Lingnan.Journal of Anhui Agri.Sci.,41(11),227-228,231.
[22]Ministry of Housing and Urban-Rural Development of the People’s Republic of China.(2012).Notice of Housing and Urban-Rural Construction Ministry,Culture Ministry,Finance Ministry about the announcement of the first batch of traditional Chinese village list.Retrieved from http://www.gov.cn/zwgk/2012-12/20/content_2294327.htm.
[23]Ministry of Housing and Urban-Rural Development of the People’s Republic of China.(2013).Notice of Housing and Urban-Rural Construction Ministry,Culture Ministry,Finance Ministry about the announcement of the first batch of traditional Chinese village list.Retrieved from http://www.mohurd.gov.cn/zcfg/jsbwj_0/jsbwjczghyjs/201308/t20130830_214900.html.
[24]Ministry of Housing and Urban-Rural Development of the People’s Republic of China.(2014).Notice of Housing and Urban-Rural Construction Ministry,Culture Ministry,Finance Ministry about the announcement of the first batch of traditional Chinese village list.Retrieved from http://www.mohurd.gov.cn/zcfg/jsbwj_0/jsbwjczghyjs/201412/t20141203_219694.html.
[25]People’s Government of Guangdong.(2015).Location,scope and area of Guangdong.Guangdong:Guangdong Yearbook Electronic Edition.Retrieved from http://www.gd.gov.cn/gdgk/.
[26]Huang,S.P.(1998).Cultural characteristics of the three Han lines of Guangdong Han nationality.Journal of Guangxi University(Philosophy and Social Sciences Edition),20(6),77-78.
[27]Zhou,T.,Long,Y.&Tang,G.A.et al.(2010).Research on the hybrid index structure for aggregated spatial data.Geography and GeoInformation Science,26(1),7-10.
[28]Cheng,Q.&Ling,S.P.(2013).Geographical distribution and affectiong factors of the intangible cultural heritage in China.Scientia Geographica Sinica,33(10),1166-1172.
[29]Yu,W.C.&Ai,T.H.(2015).The visualization and analysis of poi features under network space supported by kernel density estimation.Acta Geodaetica et Cartographica Sinica,44(1),82-90.
[30]Borruso,G.(2008).Network density estimation:A GIS approach for analyzing point patterns in a network space.Transactions in Gis,12(3),377-402.
[31]Silverman,B.W.(1986).Density estimation for
[31]Silverman,B.W.(1986).Density estimation for statistics and data analysis.Boca Raton:CRCPress,76.
[32]Zhang,S.L.&Zhang,K.(2007).Comparison between general moran’s index and Getis-ord general G of spatial autocorrelation.ACTAScientiarum Naturalium Universitatic Sunyatseni,46(4),93-97.
[33]Chen,Y.G.(2009).Reconstructing the mathematical process of spatial autocorrelation based on Moran’s statistics.Geographical Research,28(6),1449-1463.
[34]Wang,Y.F.,Ge,L.&Sun,Z.F.(2014).The application of hotspot analysis in national geographic condition monitoring data analysis.Geomatics&Spatial Information Technology,37(6),84-85,88,91.
[35]Li,R.,Xiong,Z.H.&Zhang,Z.X.(1987).Chinese language atlas.Hong Kong:Longman(Far East)Company.
[36]Retrieved from http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/.
[37]Tang,X.Q.,Lu,J.&Zang,J.C.(2017).Spatial distribution pattern and sampling technology of Soritia leptalina Larvae on Quercus aquifolioides.Journal of Landscape Research,9(2),38-41,46.
[38]Tang,H.J.&Peng,J.W.(2016).Spatial distribution characteristics of rural tourism attractions in Yangzhou City.Journal of Landscape Research,8(6),129-134.
[39]Wang,F.&Fang,Y.Y.(2016).Spatial distribution and formation mechanism of Chinese folk song cultural landscape genes.Journal of Landscape Research,8(4),93-97.