考虑油藏环境因素和微生物因子的微生物采油数学模型
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摘要
为研究油藏环境耦合作用下微生物驱技术提高采收率机理,建立了能全面反映微生物驱油过程的三维三相六组分数学模型,模型涉及的组分有油、气、水、微生物、营养物以及代谢产物。该模型综合考虑了微生物生长/死亡、营养消耗、产物生成、化学趋向性、对流扩散、油相黏度降低、吸附、解吸附以及油-水界面张力变化等特性。其中,微生物生长动力学方程以Monod模型为基础,考虑油藏环境因素对微生物生长模型的影响且微生物在地上与地下生长速率不一致;同时为了体现菌体对微生物驱油的作用,引入微生物因子到微生物驱油机理中。对微生物生长模型、微生物和营养物的混合溶液注入量、环境抑制系数、最大比生长速率以及微生物因子等进行分析的结果表明,通过完善后的微生物生长方程计算得出的产物浓度要比Monod模型低,但这两种微生物生长方程下的产物浓度的差异对最终采收率的影响较小;随着混合溶液注入量的增长,这两种微生物生长方程下的产物浓度差值和采收率提高幅度将增大;微生物因子对微生物驱油有较大的影响,不同微生物因子下提高原油采收率的绝对误差可高达24.53%。
In this study,a3 D three-phase six-component mathematical model is established to fully reflect the microbial flooding process.The components of this model involve oil,gas,water,microbes,nutrients and metabolites.The model comprehensively involves such properties as microbial growth/death,nutrient consumption,metabolite production,chemotaxis,convection-diffusion,oil viscosity reduction,adsorption,desorption and oil-water interfacial tension change.Considering the effect of reservoir environmental factors on the microbial growth model and inconsistent growth rate of microbes on the ground and underground,the microbial growth kinetics equation is improved on a basis of Monod model.Meanwhile,in order to reflect the effect of bacteria on microbial flooding,a microbial factor is introduced into the mechanism of microbial flooding.Based on case studies,this paper conducts an analysis of the microbial growth model,microbe-nutrient mixed solution injection,environmental inhibition coefficient,maximum specific growth rate and microbial factors.The results show that the metabolite concentration calculated by the improved microbial growth kinetics equation is lower than that of Monod model,but the difference in metabolite concentration obtained using the two microbial growth equations has less effect on final oil recovery.With an increase in the injection amount of microbe-nutrient mixed solution,the difference in metabolite concentration and oil recovery in these two microbial growth equations will be improved.The microbial factor has a great impact on microbial flooding,and the absolute error under different microbial factors in oil recovery can reach up to 24.53%.
In this study,a3 D three-phase six-component mathematical model is established to fully reflect the microbial flooding process.The components of this model involve oil,gas,water,microbes,nutrients and metabolites.The model comprehensively involves such properties as microbial growth/death,nutrient consumption,metabolite production,chemotaxis,convection-diffusion,oil viscosity reduction,adsorption,desorption and oil-water interfacial tension change.Considering the effect of reservoir environmental factors on the microbial growth model and inconsistent growth rate of microbes on the ground and underground,the microbial growth kinetics equation is improved on a basis of Monod model.Meanwhile,in order to reflect the effect of bacteria on microbial flooding,a microbial factor is introduced into the mechanism of microbial flooding.Based on case studies,this paper conducts an analysis of the microbial growth model,microbe-nutrient mixed solution injection,environmental inhibition coefficient,maximum specific growth rate and microbial factors.The results show that the metabolite concentration calculated by the improved microbial growth kinetics equation is lower than that of Monod model,but the difference in metabolite concentration obtained using the two microbial growth equations has less effect on final oil recovery.With an increase in the injection amount of microbe-nutrient mixed solution,the difference in metabolite concentration and oil recovery in these two microbial growth equations will be improved.The microbial factor has a great impact on microbial flooding,and the absolute error under different microbial factors in oil recovery can reach up to 24.53%.
引文
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[15]WANG Tianyuan,YU Li,XIU Jianlong,et al.A mathematical model for microbial enhanced oil recovery using biopolymer-producing microorganism[J].Fuel,2018,216:589-595.
[16]王天源,修建龙,黄立信,等.多孔介质微生物提高原油采收率模型[J].石油学报,2016,37(1):97-105.WANG Tianyuan,XIU Jianlong,HUANG Lixin,et al.Microbial enhanced oil recovery model in porous media[J].Acta Petrolei Sinica,2016,37(1):97-105.
[17]孙培德,宋英琦,王如意.活性污泥动力学模型及数值模拟导论[M].北京:化学工业出版社,2010.SUN Peide,SONG Yingqi,WANG Ruyi.Dynamic models and numerical simulations for activated sludge processes[M].Beijing:Chemical Industry Press,2010.
[18]KHAN H A,GBOSI A,BRITTON L N,et al.Mechanistic models of microbe growth in heterogeneous porous media[R].SPE113462,2008.
[19]修建龙.内源微生物驱油数值模拟研究[D].廊坊:中国科学院研究生院(渗流流体力学研究所),2011.XIU Jianlong.A study on the numerical simulation of indigenous microbes enhancing oil recovery[D].Langfang:Institute of Porous Flow and Fluid Mechanics,2011.
[20]王岁楼,熊卫东.生化工程[M].北京:中国医药科技出版社,2002:37-40.WANG Suilou,XIONG Weidong.Biochemical engineering[M].Beijing:China Medical Science Press,2002:37-40.
[21]高树生,刘华勋,叶礼友,等.页岩气井全生命周期物理模拟实验及数值反演[J].石油学报,2018,39(4):435-444.GAO Shusheng,LIU Huaxun,YE Liyou,et al.Physical simulation experiment and numerical inversion of the full life cycle of shale gas well[J].Acta Petrolei Sinica,2018,39(4):435-444.
[22]ZHANG Xu,KNAPP R M,MCINERNEY M J.A mathematical model for microbially enhanced oil recovery process[J].Developments in Petroleum Science,1993,39:171-186.
[23]毕永强,伊丽娜,齐义彬,等.龙虎泡油田微生物驱油评价实验[J].科技导报,2015,33(9):50-53.BI Yongqiang,YI Lina,QI Yibin,et al.Experimental evaluation of the microbial oil displacement in Longhupao oilfield[J].Science &Technology Review,2015,33(9):50-53.
[24]WHITSON C H,FEVANG?.Generalized pseudopressure well treatment in reservoir simulation[C]∥Proceedings of the IBC Conference on Optimisation of Gas Condensate Fields.Aberdeen,UK:IBC,1997.
[25]武春彬,单文文,俞理.本源微生物驱油数值模拟及应用[J].辽宁工程技术大学学报:自然科学版,2008,27(5):709-712.WU Chunbin,SHAN Wenwen,YU Li.Simulation and application of mathematical model of enhanced oil recovery by indigenous microbes[J].Journal of Liaoning Technical University:Natural Science,2008,27(5):709-712.
[26]吴济畅,王强.毛管数对濮城沙一下油藏渗流规律的影响研究[J].油气采收率技术,1999,6(1):50-56.WU Jichang,WANG Qiang.Influence of capillary number on the percolation law in Shayixia reservoir of Pucheng oilfield[J].Petroleum Geology and Recovery Efficiency,1999,6(1):50-56.
[2]BRYANT S L,LOCKHART T P.Reservoir engineering analysis of microbial enhanced oil recovery[J].SPE Reservoir Evaluation&Engineering,2002,5(5):365-374.
[3]SIVASANKAR P,GOVINDARAJAN S K.Numerical modelling of microbial enhanced oil recovery process under the effect of reservoir temperature,pH and microbial sorption kinetics[R].SPE174637,2015.
[4]CHANG M M,CHUNG F T H,BRYANT R S,et al.Modeling and laboratory investigation of microbial transport phenomena in porous media[R].SPE22845,1991.
[5]NIELSEN S M,SHAPIRO A,MICHELSEN M L,et al.Mathematical model for microbial enhanced oil recovery with surfactant distributed between phases[C].30th IEA-EOR Conference,01-01/2009,Canberra,Australia.Kongens Lyngby:Technical University of Denmark,2009.
[6]雷光伦,陈月明.微生物提高采收率理论模型[J].石油勘探与开发,2000,27(3):47-49.LEI Guanglun,CHEN Yueming.A mathematical model of microbial enhanced oil recovery[J].Petroleum Exploration and Development,2000,27(3):47-49.
[7]朱维耀,杨正明,迟砾,等.微生物水驱传输组分模型模拟器[J].石油勘探与开发,2000,27(3):44-46.ZHU Weiyao,YANG Zhengming,CHI Li,et al.A microbial transport compositional model simulator[J].Petroleum Exploration and Development,2000,27(3):44-46.
[8]NIELSEN S M,SHAPIRO A A,MICHELSEN M L,et al.1D simulations for microbial enhanced oil recovery with metabolite partitioning[J].Transport in Porous Media,2010,85(3):785-802.
[9]SIVASANKAR P,KUMAR G S.Numerical modelling of enhanced oil recovery by microbial flooding under non-isothermal conditions[J].Journal of Petroleum Science and Engineering,2014,124:161-172.
[10]SIVASANKAR P,KANNA A R,KUMAR G S,et al.Numerical modelling of biophysicochemical effects on multispecies reactive transport in porous media involving Pseudomonas putida for potential microbial enhanced oil recovery application[J].Bioresource Technology,2016,211:348-359.
[11]侯健,孙焕泉,李振泉,等.微生物驱油数学模型及其流线方法模拟[J].石油学报,2003,24(3):56-60.HOU Jian,SUN Huanquan,LI Zhenquan,et al.Mathematical model and simulation of streamline method for microbial flooding[J].Acta Petrolei Sinica,2003,24(3):56-60.
[12]郭小哲,王晶,刘学锋.页岩气储层压裂水平井气-水两相渗流模型[J].石油学报,2016,37(9):1165-1170.GUO Xiaozhe,WANG Jing,LIU Xuefeng.Gas-water two phase porous flow model of fractured horizontal well in shale gas reservoir[J].Acta Petrolei Sinica,2016,37(9):1165-1170.
[13]陈会娟,李明忠,狄勤丰,等.多点注汽水平井井筒出流规律数值模拟[J].石油学报,2017,38(6):696-704.CHEN Huijuan,LI Mingzhong,DI Qinfeng,et al.Numerical simulation of the outflow performance for horizontal wells with multiple steam injection valves[J].Acta Petrolei Sinica,2017,38(6):696-704.
[14]毕永强,俞理,修建龙,等.采油微生物在多孔介质中的迁移滞留机制[J].石油学报,2017,38(1):91-98.BI Yongqiang,YU Li,XIU Jianlong,et al.Migration and retention mechanism of microorganisms for oil recovery in porous media[J].Acta Petrolei Sinica,2017,38(1):91-98.
[15]WANG Tianyuan,YU Li,XIU Jianlong,et al.A mathematical model for microbial enhanced oil recovery using biopolymer-producing microorganism[J].Fuel,2018,216:589-595.
[16]王天源,修建龙,黄立信,等.多孔介质微生物提高原油采收率模型[J].石油学报,2016,37(1):97-105.WANG Tianyuan,XIU Jianlong,HUANG Lixin,et al.Microbial enhanced oil recovery model in porous media[J].Acta Petrolei Sinica,2016,37(1):97-105.
[17]孙培德,宋英琦,王如意.活性污泥动力学模型及数值模拟导论[M].北京:化学工业出版社,2010.SUN Peide,SONG Yingqi,WANG Ruyi.Dynamic models and numerical simulations for activated sludge processes[M].Beijing:Chemical Industry Press,2010.
[18]KHAN H A,GBOSI A,BRITTON L N,et al.Mechanistic models of microbe growth in heterogeneous porous media[R].SPE113462,2008.
[19]修建龙.内源微生物驱油数值模拟研究[D].廊坊:中国科学院研究生院(渗流流体力学研究所),2011.XIU Jianlong.A study on the numerical simulation of indigenous microbes enhancing oil recovery[D].Langfang:Institute of Porous Flow and Fluid Mechanics,2011.
[20]王岁楼,熊卫东.生化工程[M].北京:中国医药科技出版社,2002:37-40.WANG Suilou,XIONG Weidong.Biochemical engineering[M].Beijing:China Medical Science Press,2002:37-40.
[21]高树生,刘华勋,叶礼友,等.页岩气井全生命周期物理模拟实验及数值反演[J].石油学报,2018,39(4):435-444.GAO Shusheng,LIU Huaxun,YE Liyou,et al.Physical simulation experiment and numerical inversion of the full life cycle of shale gas well[J].Acta Petrolei Sinica,2018,39(4):435-444.
[22]ZHANG Xu,KNAPP R M,MCINERNEY M J.A mathematical model for microbially enhanced oil recovery process[J].Developments in Petroleum Science,1993,39:171-186.
[23]毕永强,伊丽娜,齐义彬,等.龙虎泡油田微生物驱油评价实验[J].科技导报,2015,33(9):50-53.BI Yongqiang,YI Lina,QI Yibin,et al.Experimental evaluation of the microbial oil displacement in Longhupao oilfield[J].Science &Technology Review,2015,33(9):50-53.
[24]WHITSON C H,FEVANG?.Generalized pseudopressure well treatment in reservoir simulation[C]∥Proceedings of the IBC Conference on Optimisation of Gas Condensate Fields.Aberdeen,UK:IBC,1997.
[25]武春彬,单文文,俞理.本源微生物驱油数值模拟及应用[J].辽宁工程技术大学学报:自然科学版,2008,27(5):709-712.WU Chunbin,SHAN Wenwen,YU Li.Simulation and application of mathematical model of enhanced oil recovery by indigenous microbes[J].Journal of Liaoning Technical University:Natural Science,2008,27(5):709-712.
[26]吴济畅,王强.毛管数对濮城沙一下油藏渗流规律的影响研究[J].油气采收率技术,1999,6(1):50-56.WU Jichang,WANG Qiang.Influence of capillary number on the percolation law in Shayixia reservoir of Pucheng oilfield[J].Petroleum Geology and Recovery Efficiency,1999,6(1):50-56.