ZL116铝合金真空吸铸的有效应力分布预测与控制
|
摘要
为了减少铸件在真空吸铸凝固成型过程中可能出现热裂等缺陷,课题组采用有限元分析软件ProCAST对ZL116铝合金铸件的温度场和应力场进行数值模拟,分析了在温度场和应力场下浇注温度、换热系数以及模具壁厚对铸件最大有效应力和铸件中心有效应力的影响;对铸件内部有效应力分布进行了预测,并进行了实验验证。结果表明:在浇注温度为700℃,换热系数为5 000 W/(m~2·K),并且模具壁变厚时,可以有效地降低铸件的最大有效应力,铸件中心的有效应力也得到减小;同时铸件内部的有效应力能够均匀分布,减少热裂倾向,得到质量良好的铸件。
In order to reduce the defects such as hot cracking of the casting during the vacuum casting solidification molding process,the temperature and stress fields of ZL116 aluminum alloy castings were numerically simulated by the finite element analysis software ProCAST. The effects of casting temperature,heat transfer coefficient and mold wall thickness on the maximum effective stress of the casting and the casting center were analysed under temperature and stress fields. The internal effective stress distribution of the casting was forecasted by experiments. The results show that the maximum effective stress of castings can be effectively reduced and the effective stress in the casting center can be also reduced when the casting temperature is 700 ℃,the heat exchange coefficient is 5 000 W/(m~2·K) and the mold wall thickens. Under this condition,the internal effective stress of the casting can be evenly distributed to reduce the tendency of hot cracking and obtain the casting with good quality.
In order to reduce the defects such as hot cracking of the casting during the vacuum casting solidification molding process,the temperature and stress fields of ZL116 aluminum alloy castings were numerically simulated by the finite element analysis software ProCAST. The effects of casting temperature,heat transfer coefficient and mold wall thickness on the maximum effective stress of the casting and the casting center were analysed under temperature and stress fields. The internal effective stress distribution of the casting was forecasted by experiments. The results show that the maximum effective stress of castings can be effectively reduced and the effective stress in the casting center can be also reduced when the casting temperature is 700 ℃,the heat exchange coefficient is 5 000 W/(m~2·K) and the mold wall thickens. Under this condition,the internal effective stress of the casting can be evenly distributed to reduce the tendency of hot cracking and obtain the casting with good quality.
引文
[1]刘正,张斯博,毛萍莉,等.稀土钇对Mg-Zn-Y-Zr合金热裂敏感性的影响[J].中国有色金属学报:英文版,2014(4):907.
[2]叶喜葱,吴彬彬,罗爱娇,等.金属型底浇式真空吸铸钛铝基合金凝固的有限元模拟[J].机械工程材料,2016,40(9):49.
[3] KIM Y C,CHOI S W,KIM C W,et al. Influence of process parameters on the fluidity of high pressure die-casting Al-Si alloys[J]. Advanced Materials Research,2013,813:171.
[4]任新意,王松涛,高慧敏,等.冷轧薄规格高强钢表面斜纹缺陷分析与控制[J].中国冶金,2017,27(10):59.
[5]武永红,李永堂,齐会萍,等.铸辗成形高温出模环形铸坯的热力耦合模拟[J].特种铸造及有色合金,2016,36(2):200.
[6] JIANG Hongjie,CAO Shanshan,KE Changbo,et al. Fine-grained bulk Ni Ti shape memory alloy fabricated by rapid solidification process and its mechanical properties and damping performance[J]. Journal of Materials Science&Technology,2013,29(9):855.
[7]秦文真,赵军,李安海.铝合金活塞铸造过程中模具易失效区域预测[J].材料工程,2017,45(2):60.
[8]李俊文.铝合金挤压铸造热-力行为实验研究与数值模拟[D].广州:华南理工大学,2014:65.
[9]王毓男.锰质量分数对Fe-Mn-C钢热物性参数的影响[J].钢铁,2017,52(10):51.
[10]刘桐旺.金属型铸造凝固过程中界面热交换系数的研究[D].重庆:重庆大学,2016:47.
[11]骆良顺,冯明,苏彦庆,等. Ti Al基合金连杆件底漏式真空吸铸数值模拟[J].特种铸造及有色合金,2012,32(1):45.
[12]王艳,朱新庆,胡捷飞,等.四辊卷板机连续滚弯成形工艺的数值模拟研究[J].系统仿真学报,2018,30(5):1772-1780.
[13]周蕊.粉末冶金压坯残余应力与裂纹损伤研究[D].天津:天津大学,2013:29.
[14]赵征伟. A356合金铸造热应力数值模拟及热裂纹预测[D].哈尔滨:哈尔滨工业大学,2011:20.
[15]张滢,苏达仁,王燕,等. ZL114A铝合金铸件力学性能的计算机预测[J].铸造,2001,50(4):206.
[16]孙丽文,侯华,徐宏.铸件热应力及热裂的数值模拟研究[J].铸造设备与工艺,2006(3):20.
[17] GERASIMOV S P,TITOV A Y,PALACHEV V A,et al.Optimization of the composition of silicon brass LTs16K4 with the purpose of increasing its castability when fabricating art castings[J].Russian Journal of Non-Ferrous Metals,2016,57(3):211.
[18]于宁,陈志,杜德喜,等.金属型壁厚对铸件品质的影响[J].特种铸造及有色合金,2015,35(10):1080.
[2]叶喜葱,吴彬彬,罗爱娇,等.金属型底浇式真空吸铸钛铝基合金凝固的有限元模拟[J].机械工程材料,2016,40(9):49.
[3] KIM Y C,CHOI S W,KIM C W,et al. Influence of process parameters on the fluidity of high pressure die-casting Al-Si alloys[J]. Advanced Materials Research,2013,813:171.
[4]任新意,王松涛,高慧敏,等.冷轧薄规格高强钢表面斜纹缺陷分析与控制[J].中国冶金,2017,27(10):59.
[5]武永红,李永堂,齐会萍,等.铸辗成形高温出模环形铸坯的热力耦合模拟[J].特种铸造及有色合金,2016,36(2):200.
[6] JIANG Hongjie,CAO Shanshan,KE Changbo,et al. Fine-grained bulk Ni Ti shape memory alloy fabricated by rapid solidification process and its mechanical properties and damping performance[J]. Journal of Materials Science&Technology,2013,29(9):855.
[7]秦文真,赵军,李安海.铝合金活塞铸造过程中模具易失效区域预测[J].材料工程,2017,45(2):60.
[8]李俊文.铝合金挤压铸造热-力行为实验研究与数值模拟[D].广州:华南理工大学,2014:65.
[9]王毓男.锰质量分数对Fe-Mn-C钢热物性参数的影响[J].钢铁,2017,52(10):51.
[10]刘桐旺.金属型铸造凝固过程中界面热交换系数的研究[D].重庆:重庆大学,2016:47.
[11]骆良顺,冯明,苏彦庆,等. Ti Al基合金连杆件底漏式真空吸铸数值模拟[J].特种铸造及有色合金,2012,32(1):45.
[12]王艳,朱新庆,胡捷飞,等.四辊卷板机连续滚弯成形工艺的数值模拟研究[J].系统仿真学报,2018,30(5):1772-1780.
[13]周蕊.粉末冶金压坯残余应力与裂纹损伤研究[D].天津:天津大学,2013:29.
[14]赵征伟. A356合金铸造热应力数值模拟及热裂纹预测[D].哈尔滨:哈尔滨工业大学,2011:20.
[15]张滢,苏达仁,王燕,等. ZL114A铝合金铸件力学性能的计算机预测[J].铸造,2001,50(4):206.
[16]孙丽文,侯华,徐宏.铸件热应力及热裂的数值模拟研究[J].铸造设备与工艺,2006(3):20.
[17] GERASIMOV S P,TITOV A Y,PALACHEV V A,et al.Optimization of the composition of silicon brass LTs16K4 with the purpose of increasing its castability when fabricating art castings[J].Russian Journal of Non-Ferrous Metals,2016,57(3):211.
[18]于宁,陈志,杜德喜,等.金属型壁厚对铸件品质的影响[J].特种铸造及有色合金,2015,35(10):1080.