Supersaturation controlled growth of MAFAPbI_3 perovskite film for high efficiency solar cells
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摘要
Controlling the nucleation and growth of organic-inorganic hybrids perovskite is of key importance to improve the morphology and crystallinity of perovskite films. However, the growth mechanism of perovskite films based on classical crystallization theory is not fully understood. Here, we develop a supersaturation controlled strategy(SCS) to balance the nucleation and crystal growth speeds. By this strategy, we are able to find an ideal supersaturation region to realize a balance of nucleation and crystal growth, which yields highly crystallized perovskite films with micrometer-scale grains. Besides, we provide a thoughtful analysis of nucleation and growth based on the fabrication of the perovskite films. As a result, the highest photovoltaic power conversion efficiencies(PCE) of 19.70% and 20.31% are obtained for the planar and the meso-superstructured devices, respectively. This strategy sheds some light for understanding the film growth mechanism of high quality perovskite film, and it provides a facile strategy to fabricate high efficiency perovskite solar cells.
Controlling the nucleation and growth of organic-inorganic hybrids perovskite is of key importance to improve the morphology and crystallinity of perovskite films. However, the growth mechanism of perovskite films based on classical crystallization theory is not fully understood. Here, we develop a supersaturation controlled strategy(SCS) to balance the nucleation and crystal growth speeds. By this strategy, we are able to find an ideal supersaturation region to realize a balance of nucleation and crystal growth, which yields highly crystallized perovskite films with micrometer-scale grains. Besides, we provide a thoughtful analysis of nucleation and growth based on the fabrication of the perovskite films. As a result, the highest photovoltaic power conversion efficiencies(PCE) of 19.70% and 20.31% are obtained for the planar and the meso-superstructured devices, respectively. This strategy sheds some light for understanding the film growth mechanism of high quality perovskite film, and it provides a facile strategy to fabricate high efficiency perovskite solar cells.
Controlling the nucleation and growth of organic-inorganic hybrids perovskite is of key importance to improve the morphology and crystallinity of perovskite films. However, the growth mechanism of perovskite films based on classical crystallization theory is not fully understood. Here, we develop a supersaturation controlled strategy(SCS) to balance the nucleation and crystal growth speeds. By this strategy, we are able to find an ideal supersaturation region to realize a balance of nucleation and crystal growth, which yields highly crystallized perovskite films with micrometer-scale grains. Besides, we provide a thoughtful analysis of nucleation and growth based on the fabrication of the perovskite films. As a result, the highest photovoltaic power conversion efficiencies(PCE) of 19.70% and 20.31% are obtained for the planar and the meso-superstructured devices, respectively. This strategy sheds some light for understanding the film growth mechanism of high quality perovskite film, and it provides a facile strategy to fabricate high efficiency perovskite solar cells.
引文
1 https://www.nrel.gov/pv/assets/images/efficiency-chart.png
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36 Jiang Q,Zhang L,Wang H,Yang X,Meng J,Liu H,Yin Z,Wu J,Zhang X,You J.Nat Energy,2016,2:16177
2 Xiao J,Shi J,Li D,Meng Q.Sci China Chem,2015,58:221-238
3 Yang WS,Park BW,Jung EH,Jeon NJ,Kim YC,Lee DU,Shin SS,Seo J,Kim EK,Noh JH,Seok SI.Science,2017,356:1376-1379
4 Shi D,Adinolfi V,Comin R,Yuan M,Alarousu E,Buin A,Chen Y,Hoogland S,Rothenberger A,Katsiev K,Losovyj Y,Zhang X,Dowben PA,Mohammed OF,Sargent EH,Bakr OM.Science,2015,347:519-522
5 Nie W,Tsai H,Asadpour R,Blancon JC,Neukirch AJ,Gupta G,Crochet JJ,Chhowalla M,Tretiak S,Alam MA,Wang HL,Mohite AD.Science,2015,347:522-525
6 Im JH,Lee CR,Lee JW,Park SW,Park NG.Nanoscale,2011,3:4088-4093
7 Burschka J,Pellet N,Moon SJ,Humphry-Baker R,Gao P,Nazeeruddin MK,Gr?tzel M.Nature,2013,499:316-319
8 Liu M,Johnston MB,Snaith HJ.Nature,2013,501:395-398
9 Jeon NJ,Noh JH,Kim YC,Yang WS,Ryu S,Seok SI.Nat Mater,2014,13:897-903
10 Ahn N,Son DY,Jang IH,Kang SM,Choi M,Park NG.J Am Chem Soc,2015,137:8696-8699
11 Lee JW,Kim HS,Park NG.Acc Chem Res,2016,49:311-319
12 Yang M,Zhang T,Schulz P,Li Z,Li G,Kim DH,Guo N,Berry JJ,Zhu K,Zhao Y.Nat Commun,2016,7:12305
13 Yang WS,Noh JH,Jeon NJ,Kim YC,Ryu S,Seo J,Seok SI.Science,2015,348:1234-1237
14 Jo Y,Oh KS,Kim M,Kim KH,Lee H,Lee CW,Kim DS.Adv Mater Interfaces,2016,3:1500768
15 He M,Li B,Cui X,Jiang B,He Y,Chen Y,O'Neil D,Szymanski P,Ei-Sayed MA,Huang J,Lin Z.Nat Commun,2017,8:16045
16 von Weimarn PP.Chem Rev,1925,2:217-242
17 Neilsen AE.Kinetics of Precipitation.Oxford:Pergamon,1964
18 Abraham FF.Homogeneous Nucleation Theory.New York:Academic Press,1974
19 Karma A,Plapp M.Phys Rev Lett,1998,81:4444-4447
20 Smereka P.Phys D-Nonlin Phenom,2000,138:282-301
21 Burton WK,Cabrera N,Frank FC.Philos Trans R Soc A-Math Phys Eng Sci,1951,243:299-358
22 Li L,Chen Y,Liu Z,Chen Q,Wang X,Zhou H.Adv Mater,2016,28:9862-9868
23 Zhu W,Kang L,Yu T,Lv B,Wang Y,Chen X,Wang X,Zhou Y,Zou Z.ACS Appl Mater Interfaces,2017,9:6104-6113
24 Cao J,Jing X,Yan J,Hu C,Chen R,Yin J,Li J,Zheng N.J Am Chem Soc,2016,138:9919-9926
25 Kim M,Kim GH,Oh KS,Jo Y,Yoon H,Kim KH,Lee H,Kim JY,Kim DS.ACS Nano,2017,11:6057-6064
26 Xie LQ,Chen L,Nan ZA,Lin HX,Wang T,Zhan DP,Yan JW,Mao BW,Tian ZQ.J Am Chem Soc,2017,139:3320-3323
27 Yu Y,Wang C,Grice CR,Shrestha N,Zhao D,Liao W,Guan L,Awni RA,Meng W,Cimaroli AJ,Zhu K,Ellingson RJ,Yan Y.ACS Energy Lett,2017,2:1177-1182
28 Foley BJ,Girard J,Sorenson BA,Chen AZ,Scott Niezgoda J,Alpert MR,Harper AF,Smilgies DM,Clancy P,Saidi WA,Choi JJ.J Mater Chem A,2017,5:113-123
29 Giesbrecht N,Schlipf J,Oesinghaus L,Binek A,Bein T,MüllerBuschbaum P,Docampo P.ACS Energy Lett,2016,1:150-154
30 Schlipf J,Muller-Buschbaum P.Adv Energy Mater,2017,7:1700131
31 Jeon NJ,Noh JH,Yang WS,Kim YC,Ryu S,Seo J,Seok SI.Nature,2015,517:476-480
32 Bi D,Tress W,Dar MI,Gao P,Luo J,Renevier C,Schenk K,Abate A,Giordano F,Correa Baena JP,Decoppet JD,Zakeeruddin SM,Nazeeruddin MK,Gra tzel M,Hagfeldt A.Sci Adv,2016,2:e1501170
33 Dong Q,Yuan Y,Shao Y,Fang Y,Wang Q,Huang J.Energy Environ Sci,2015,8:2464-2470
34 Kim J,Yun JS,Cho Y,Lee DS,Wilkinson B,Soufiani AM,Deng X,Zheng J,Shi A,Lim S,Chen S,Hameiri Z,Zhang M,Lau CFJ,Huang S,Green MA,Ho-Baillie AWY.ACS Energy Lett,2017,2:1978-1984
35 Tan H,Jain A,Voznyy O,Lan X,García de Arquer FP,Fan JZ,Quintero-Bermudez R,Yuan M,Zhang B,Zhao Y,Fan F,Li P,Quan LN,Zhao Y,Lu ZH,Yang Z,Hoogland S,Sargent EH.Science,2017,355:722-726
36 Jiang Q,Zhang L,Wang H,Yang X,Meng J,Liu H,Yin Z,Wu J,Zhang X,You J.Nat Energy,2016,2:16177