棕色脂肪形成的内分泌及环境影响因素研究
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摘要
本文主要研究白色脂肪棕色化的内分泌调控及影响棕色脂肪变化的环境因素的最新研究成果,为其在代谢疾病中的治疗潜力提供证据。截至目前,对棕色脂肪的内分泌调控,低温及低氧环境暴露对棕色脂肪的影响,以及脂肪组织在高原上维持能量、代谢和热平衡的相互转化的研究依然较少。深入地了解BAT的潜在能力,能够更好地控制这些细胞,以改善系统能量代谢和葡萄糖稳态,为对抗人类肥胖和相关代谢紊乱提供新的治疗策略。
This article focuses on the latest research findings on endocrine regulation of white fat browning and environmental factors affecting brown fat changes, providing evidence for its therapeutic potential in metabolic diseases. Up to now, studies on the endocrine regulation of brown fat, the effects of low temperature and low oxygen exposure on brown fat, and the mutual transformation of adipose tissue to maintain energy, metabolism and heat balance on the plateau are still rare. A deep understanding of the potential of BAT allows for better control of these cells to improve systemic energy metabolism and glucose homeostasis, providing new therapeutic strategies for combating human obesity and related metabolic disorders.
This article focuses on the latest research findings on endocrine regulation of white fat browning and environmental factors affecting brown fat changes, providing evidence for its therapeutic potential in metabolic diseases. Up to now, studies on the endocrine regulation of brown fat, the effects of low temperature and low oxygen exposure on brown fat, and the mutual transformation of adipose tissue to maintain energy, metabolism and heat balance on the plateau are still rare. A deep understanding of the potential of BAT allows for better control of these cells to improve systemic energy metabolism and glucose homeostasis, providing new therapeutic strategies for combating human obesity and related metabolic disorders.
引文
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[25]李佳,格日力.白色脂肪棕色化的调控因素及其潜在治疗[J].中国高原医学与生物学杂志,2017,38(6):132-139
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[27]Wang JM,Zhang YM,Wang DH.Seasonal thermogenesis andbody mass regulation in plateau pikas(Ochotona curzoniae)[J].Oecologia,2006(149):373-382.
[28]Bai Z,Wuren T,Liu S,et al.Intermittent cold exposure resultsin visceral adipose tissue"browning"in the plateau pika.Com-paratie Biochemistry and Physiology[J].2015(184):171-178.
[29]白振忠.高原鼠兔对缺氧、寒冷极端高原环境适应的分子机制研究[D].青海大学,2015.
[30]Afshin A,Forouzanfar MH,Reitsma MB,et al.Health effectsof overweight and obesity in 195 countries over 25 years[J].NEngl J Med,2017(377):13-27,173-187.
[2]Lin JZ,Farmer SR.Morphogenetics in brown,beige and white fat development[J].Adipocyte,2016,5(2):130-135.
[3]Cypess AM,Lehman S,Williams G,et al.Identification and importance of brown adipose tissue in adult humans[J].N Engl JMed,2009,360(15):1509-1517.
[4]Betz MJ,Enerback S.Human brown adipose tissue:shat we have learned so far[J].Diabetes,2015,64(7):2352-2360.
[5]Cannon B,Nedergaard J.Brown adipose tissue:functionand physiological significance[J].Physiol Rev,2004(84):277-359.
[6]Cypess AM,White AP,Vernochet C,et al.Anatomical localization,gene expression profiling and functional characterization ofadult human neck brown fat[J].Nat Med,2013,19(5):635-639.
[7]Sanchis-Gomar F,Perez-Quilis C.The p38-PGC-1α-irisin-betatrophin axis:exploring new pathways in insulin resistance[J].Adipocyte,2014(3):67-68.
[8]Kurdiova T,Balaz M,Vician M,et al.Effects of obesity,diabetes and exercise on Fndc5 gene expression and irisin release in hu-man skeletal muscle and adipose tissue:In vivo and in vitro stud-ies[J].Physioy,2014(592):1091-1107.
[9]Contreras GA,Lee YH,Mottillo EP,et al.Inducible rrown adipocytes in subcutaneous inguinal white fat:the role of contin-uous sympathetic stimulation[J].Am J Physiol Endocrinol Metab,2014,307(9):E793-E799.
[10]Than A,Xu S,Li R,et al.Angiotensin type 2 receptor activation promotes browning of white adipose tissue and brown adi-pogenesis[J].Signal Transduction and Targeted Therapy,2017(2):17022.
[11]Fisher FM,Kleiner S,Douris N,et al.FGF21 regulates PGC-1 alpha and browning of whiteadipose tissues in adaptive thermo-genesis[J].Genes Dev,2012,26(3):271-281.
[12]Holland WL,Adams AC,Brozinick JT,et al.An FGF21-adiponectin-ceramide axiscontrols energy expenditure and in-sulin action in mice[J].Cell Metab,2013,17(5):790-797.
[13]Wang GX,Zhao XY,Lin JD.The brown fat secretome:metabolic functions beyond thermogenesis[J].Trends in En-docrinology and Metabolism,2015,26(5):231-237.
[14]Barclay JL,Agada H,Jang C,et al.Effects of glucocorticoids on human brown adipocytes[J].Journal of Endocrinology,2015,224(2):139-147.
[15]Sun L,Trajkovski M.MiR-27 orchestrates the transcriptional regulation of brown adipogenesis[J].Metabolism,2014,63(2):272-282.
[16]Paakkonen T,Leppaluoto J.Cold exposure and hormonal secretion:a review[J].Int J Circumpolar Health,2002,61(2):256-276.
[17]仝永娟,杨朵,李娜,等.低温低压环境对小鼠褐色脂肪组织形成的影响[J].中国比较医学杂志,2017,27(12):61-65.
[18]Singh AK, Aryal B,Chaube B,et al.Brown adipose tissue derived ANGPTL4 controls glucose and lipid metabolism andregulates thermogenesis[J].Mol Metab,2018(11):59-69.
[19]Aryal B,Rotllan N,Araldi E,et al. ANGPTL4 deficiency in haematopoietic cells promotes monocyte expansion andatherosclerosis progression[J]. Nat Commun,2016(7):12313.
[20]Duta-Mare M,Sachdev V,Leopold C,et al.Lysosomal acid lipase regulates fatty acid channeling in brown adipose tissue tomaintain thermogenesis[J].Biochim Biophys Acta,2018,1863(4):467-478.
[21]Berbee JF,Boon MR,Khedoe PP,et al.Borwn fat activation reduces hypercholesterolesterolaemia and protects fromatherosclerosis development[J].Nat Commun,2015(6):6356.
[22]Bartelt A,Bruns OT,Reimer R,et al.Brown adipose tissue activity controls triglyceride clearance[J].Nat Med,2013(19):1252-1263.
[23]Yuan F,Lei Y,Wang Q,et al.Moderate ethanol administration accentuates cardiomyocyte contractile dysfunctionand mito-chondrial injury in high fat diet-induced obesity[J].Toxicol Lett,2015,233(3):267-277.
[24]Pino E,Wang H,McDonald ME,et al.Roles for peroxisome proliferator-activated receptorγ(PPARγ)and PPARγcoactiva-tors 1αand 1βin regulating response of white and brownadipocytes to hypoxia[J].BiolChem,2012(287):18351-18358.
[25]李佳,格日力.白色脂肪棕色化的调控因素及其潜在治疗[J].中国高原医学与生物学杂志,2017,38(6):132-139
[26]Kajimura S,Saito M.A new era in brown adipose tissue bi-ology:molecular controlof brown fat development and energyhomeostasis[J].Annu Rev Physiol,2014(76):225-249.
[27]Wang JM,Zhang YM,Wang DH.Seasonal thermogenesis andbody mass regulation in plateau pikas(Ochotona curzoniae)[J].Oecologia,2006(149):373-382.
[28]Bai Z,Wuren T,Liu S,et al.Intermittent cold exposure resultsin visceral adipose tissue"browning"in the plateau pika.Com-paratie Biochemistry and Physiology[J].2015(184):171-178.
[29]白振忠.高原鼠兔对缺氧、寒冷极端高原环境适应的分子机制研究[D].青海大学,2015.
[30]Afshin A,Forouzanfar MH,Reitsma MB,et al.Health effectsof overweight and obesity in 195 countries over 25 years[J].NEngl J Med,2017(377):13-27,173-187.