摘要
为了研究厚黄土覆盖区地下煤层开采对上覆松散含水层的影响机制,以常村煤矿为地质背景,根据相似原理,采用不同采深、不同采高的物理相似模拟试验方法,对煤层采动后的覆岩裂隙发育及上覆松散含水层水位下降速率进行观测记录并对比分析。研究结果表明:地下煤层开采对上覆松散含水层中的地下水的影响存在不同的影响机制,使得含水层受影响的程度不同。煤层顶板导水断裂带是否沟通松散含水层并不是松散含水层破坏、地下水水位下降的唯一条件,松散含水层隔水底板的变形破坏是造成松散含水层破坏的另一关键因素。
In order to determine the impacting mechanism of coal mining on unconsolidated aquifer in the area covered by thick loess,under the geological background of Changcun Coal Mine,based on the similarity principle,physical simulation with different mining depths and heights was designed to investigate the strata failure and drawdown rate of the groundwater level of the overlying unconsolidated aquifer caused by coal mining. The results show that coal mining has different impacts on the overlying unconsolidated aquifer,which makes the aquifer affected to different degrees. Whether the fractured water-conducting zone is connected with the unconsolidated aquifer is not the only reason for unconsolidated aquifer been destroyed and the groundwater level drops,the deformation and failure of the water-barrier floor of the unconsolidated aquifer is another key factor for the failure of the unconsolidated aquifer.
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