厚黄土覆盖区煤炭开采对松散含水层影响的相似模拟研究
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摘要
为了研究厚黄土覆盖区地下煤层开采对上覆松散含水层的影响机制,以常村煤矿为地质背景,根据相似原理,采用不同采深、不同采高的物理相似模拟试验方法,对煤层采动后的覆岩裂隙发育及上覆松散含水层水位下降速率进行观测记录并对比分析。研究结果表明:地下煤层开采对上覆松散含水层中的地下水的影响存在不同的影响机制,使得含水层受影响的程度不同。煤层顶板导水断裂带是否沟通松散含水层并不是松散含水层破坏、地下水水位下降的唯一条件,松散含水层隔水底板的变形破坏是造成松散含水层破坏的另一关键因素。
In order to determine the impacting mechanism of coal mining on unconsolidated aquifer in the area covered by thick loess,under the geological background of Changcun Coal Mine,based on the similarity principle,physical simulation with different mining depths and heights was designed to investigate the strata failure and drawdown rate of the groundwater level of the overlying unconsolidated aquifer caused by coal mining. The results show that coal mining has different impacts on the overlying unconsolidated aquifer,which makes the aquifer affected to different degrees. Whether the fractured water-conducting zone is connected with the unconsolidated aquifer is not the only reason for unconsolidated aquifer been destroyed and the groundwater level drops,the deformation and failure of the water-barrier floor of the unconsolidated aquifer is another key factor for the failure of the unconsolidated aquifer.
In order to determine the impacting mechanism of coal mining on unconsolidated aquifer in the area covered by thick loess,under the geological background of Changcun Coal Mine,based on the similarity principle,physical simulation with different mining depths and heights was designed to investigate the strata failure and drawdown rate of the groundwater level of the overlying unconsolidated aquifer caused by coal mining. The results show that coal mining has different impacts on the overlying unconsolidated aquifer,which makes the aquifer affected to different degrees. Whether the fractured water-conducting zone is connected with the unconsolidated aquifer is not the only reason for unconsolidated aquifer been destroyed and the groundwater level drops,the deformation and failure of the water-barrier floor of the unconsolidated aquifer is another key factor for the failure of the unconsolidated aquifer.
引文
[1]焦阳,白海波,张勃阳,等.煤层开采对第四系松散含水层影响的研究[J].采矿与安全工程学报,2012,29(2):239-244.
[2]李卫东,李智勇.漳村煤矿开采对浅表含水层影响研究[J].煤炭科学技术,2011,39(12):112-115.
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[5]高学通.底部含水层孔隙水压力采动波动及影响机制的试验研究[J].矿业安全与环保,2016,43(2):8-12.
[6]李敬敬,常聚才,陈阳.厚松散含水层下特厚煤层综放开采相似模拟[J].矿业工程研究,2013,28(4):47-50.
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[8]董震雨,王双明,侯恩科.基于数值模拟的厚黄土煤炭开采区冒裂带高度研究[J].西南大学学报(自然科学版),2016,38(8):186-192.
[9]余学义,郭文彬,赵兵朝,等.厚黄土层煤层开采沉陷规律研究[J].煤炭科学技术,2015,43(7):6-10.
[10]王金庄,常占强,陈勇.厚松散层条件下开采程度及地表下沉模式的研究[J].煤炭学报,2003,28(3):230-234.
[11]刘义新,廉玉广,李少刚.采动影响下厚黄土层沉陷规律研究[J].金属矿山,2015(4):12-14.
[12]许家林,朱卫兵,王晓振.松散承压含水层下采煤突水机理与防治研究[J].采矿与安全工程学报,2011,28(3):333-339.
[13]刘瑞新.松散含水层下提高开采上限的研究与实践[J].煤炭科学技术,2010,38(11):56-59.
[14]郅荣伟.特厚松散含水层下提高开采上限可行性研究[J].煤炭工程,2017,49(8):43-45.
[15]李树刚,王琳华,林海飞,等.采场覆岩“三带”演化特性的相似模拟实验及分析[J].矿业安全与环保,2013,40(3):17-20.
[16] XU S Y,ZHANG Y B,SHI H,et al. Physical simulation of strata failure and its impact on overlying unconsolidated aquifer at various mining depths[J]. Water,2018,10(5):650.
[2]李卫东,李智勇.漳村煤矿开采对浅表含水层影响研究[J].煤炭科学技术,2011,39(12):112-115.
[3]狄效斌.煤矿开采对常村煤矿浅层地下水的影响分析[J].矿业安全与环保,2012,39(6):87-89.
[4] HILL J G,PRICE D R. The impact of deep mining on an overlying aquifer in western pennsylvania[J]. Groundwater Monitoring&Remediation,1983,3(1):138-143.
[5]高学通.底部含水层孔隙水压力采动波动及影响机制的试验研究[J].矿业安全与环保,2016,43(2):8-12.
[6]李敬敬,常聚才,陈阳.厚松散含水层下特厚煤层综放开采相似模拟[J].矿业工程研究,2013,28(4):47-50.
[7]涂敏,余忠林.巨厚松散强含水层下开采覆岩移动破坏分析[J].矿山压力与顶板管理,2004,21(2):1-3.
[8]董震雨,王双明,侯恩科.基于数值模拟的厚黄土煤炭开采区冒裂带高度研究[J].西南大学学报(自然科学版),2016,38(8):186-192.
[9]余学义,郭文彬,赵兵朝,等.厚黄土层煤层开采沉陷规律研究[J].煤炭科学技术,2015,43(7):6-10.
[10]王金庄,常占强,陈勇.厚松散层条件下开采程度及地表下沉模式的研究[J].煤炭学报,2003,28(3):230-234.
[11]刘义新,廉玉广,李少刚.采动影响下厚黄土层沉陷规律研究[J].金属矿山,2015(4):12-14.
[12]许家林,朱卫兵,王晓振.松散承压含水层下采煤突水机理与防治研究[J].采矿与安全工程学报,2011,28(3):333-339.
[13]刘瑞新.松散含水层下提高开采上限的研究与实践[J].煤炭科学技术,2010,38(11):56-59.
[14]郅荣伟.特厚松散含水层下提高开采上限可行性研究[J].煤炭工程,2017,49(8):43-45.
[15]李树刚,王琳华,林海飞,等.采场覆岩“三带”演化特性的相似模拟实验及分析[J].矿业安全与环保,2013,40(3):17-20.
[16] XU S Y,ZHANG Y B,SHI H,et al. Physical simulation of strata failure and its impact on overlying unconsolidated aquifer at various mining depths[J]. Water,2018,10(5):650.