干旱胁迫对喀斯特生境蚬木幼苗光合特性及抗性生理的影响
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摘要
为了解蚬木(Excentrodendron hsienmu)幼苗对喀斯特干旱生境的生理适应,基于构建的模拟喀斯特生境装置,以2年生蚬木幼苗为供试材料,研究岩溶水分和土壤水分两个因素对蚬木幼苗叶片光合及抗性生理的影响。结果表明:蚬木的光合作用-光响应曲线符合非直角双曲线函数模型,岩溶水层2种处理下的光响应曲线变化基本一致。土壤水分显著影响叶片最大净光合速率和暗呼吸速率,2个因素及其交互作用极显著影响叶片相对叶绿素含量。最大净光合速率和暗呼吸速率随土壤干旱胁迫加剧而下降,相对叶绿素含量则表现为增加趋势。土壤水分极显著影响游离脯氨酸、显著影响丙二醛和过氧化物酶,干旱胁迫组的游离脯氨酸含量显著高于对照,重度干旱胁迫下丙二醛含量显著高于对照。过氧化物酶活性均随干旱加剧先升后降,峰值出现在中度胁迫。研究表明,蚬木具有较强的耐旱潜力,渗透调节物质的主动适应是其耐旱的主要原因。
To understand the physiological adaptability of Excentrodendron hsienmu to arid habitat of karst mountains,a moisture control experiment was conducted with 2-year-old E. hsienmu seedlings in a water supply device,which was set up with a simulated karst structure comprising soil,limestone,and epikarst layer. A two-factor design,soil layer and epikarst layer water gradient condition,was performed to examine leaf photosynthetic and resistance physiological characteristics of E. hsienmu seedlings. The results showed that the photosynthesis-light response curve of the seedlings well fitted the nonrectangular hyperbola model. Light response curve under different treatments in epikarst layer showed the similar variation. Results of two-way analysis of variance showed soil layer water significantly affected the maximum net photosynthetic rate( Pmax)and dark respiration rate. Both factors and their interaction had markedly significant effects on relative chlorophyll value. The Pmaxand dark respiration rate decreased,while relative chlorophyll value increased with the increases of soil drought stress. Soil layer water very significantly affected free proline,and had significant impact on both malondialdehyde content( MDA) and peroxidase( POD) activity. Content of free proline in drought stress groups was significantly higher than that in control,while MDA content under severe drought stress was significantly higher than that in control. Peroxidase activity increased firstly,and then decreased with the increases of soil drought stress,with the peak occurring in moderate drought stress. Our results demonstrate that E. hsienmu has strong tolerance to drought stress,with the active adaptation of osmotic adjustment as the main reason.
To understand the physiological adaptability of Excentrodendron hsienmu to arid habitat of karst mountains,a moisture control experiment was conducted with 2-year-old E. hsienmu seedlings in a water supply device,which was set up with a simulated karst structure comprising soil,limestone,and epikarst layer. A two-factor design,soil layer and epikarst layer water gradient condition,was performed to examine leaf photosynthetic and resistance physiological characteristics of E. hsienmu seedlings. The results showed that the photosynthesis-light response curve of the seedlings well fitted the nonrectangular hyperbola model. Light response curve under different treatments in epikarst layer showed the similar variation. Results of two-way analysis of variance showed soil layer water significantly affected the maximum net photosynthetic rate( Pmax)and dark respiration rate. Both factors and their interaction had markedly significant effects on relative chlorophyll value. The Pmaxand dark respiration rate decreased,while relative chlorophyll value increased with the increases of soil drought stress. Soil layer water very significantly affected free proline,and had significant impact on both malondialdehyde content( MDA) and peroxidase( POD) activity. Content of free proline in drought stress groups was significantly higher than that in control,while MDA content under severe drought stress was significantly higher than that in control. Peroxidase activity increased firstly,and then decreased with the increases of soil drought stress,with the peak occurring in moderate drought stress. Our results demonstrate that E. hsienmu has strong tolerance to drought stress,with the active adaptation of osmotic adjustment as the main reason.
引文
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代英超,徐奎源,马凯,等.2015.珍稀濒危植物堇叶紫金牛对持续干旱的生理响应.生态学报,35(9):2954-2959.
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李先琨,蒋忠诚,黄玉清,等.2008.桂西南岩溶山地优势植物种群动态及其对岩溶作用的影响.地球学报,29(2):253-259.
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刘珊,何茜,李吉跃,等.2016.石漠化树种圆叶乌桕对干旱胁迫的生理响应.华南农业大学学报,37(2):96-100.
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魏媛,喻理飞.2010.西南喀斯特地区构树苗木对土壤干旱胁迫的生理响应.水土保持研究,17(2):164-167.
王爱英,姜艳娟,郝广友,等.2008.季节性干旱胁迫对石灰岩山三种常绿优势树种的水分和光合生理的影响.云南植物研究,30(3):325-332.
王凯,赵成姣,邓杰,等.2017.成年侧柏和刺槐对春季干旱的适应策略.生态学杂志,36(11):3176-3181.
王丁,姚健,杨雪,等.2011.干旱胁迫条件下6种喀斯特主要造林树种苗木叶片水势及吸水潜能变化.生态学报,31(8):2216-2226.
王凌晖,何斌.2009.南宁马占相思人工林微量元素分布与生物循环.林业科学,45(5):27-33.
王献溥,孙世洲,李信贤.1998.广西石灰岩季节性雨林分类的研究.植物研究,18(4):428-460.
王学奎.2006.植物生理生化实验原理和技术(第二版).北京:高等教育出版社.
吴朝学,严理,秦武明,等.2017.木荷人工林营养元素分布格局.西北林学院学报,32(1):54-61.
吴俊文,刘珊,李吉跃,等.2016.干旱胁迫下广东石漠化地区造林树种光合和耗水特性.生态学报,36(11):3429-3440.
张丹,任洁,王慧梅.2016.干旱胁迫及复水对红松针叶和树皮绿色组织光合特性及抗氧化系统的影响.生态学杂志,35(10):2606-2614.
张中峰,尤业明,黄玉清,等.2012a.模拟喀斯特生境条件下干旱胁迫对青冈栎苗木的影响.生态学报,32(20):6318-6325.
张中峰,尤业明,黄玉清,等.2012b.模拟岩溶水分供应分层的干旱胁迫对青冈栎光合特性和生长的影响.生态学杂志,31(9):2197-2202.
张珊珊,康洪梅,杨文忠,等.2016.干旱胁迫下AMF对云南蓝果树幼苗生长和光合特征的影响.生态学报,36(21):6850-6862.
朱宏光,李燕群,苏建苗,等.2011a.不同水分条件对蚬木幼苗生长的影响.安徽农业科学,39(11):6395-6396.
朱宏光,刘正富,苏建苗,等.2011b.广西北热带岩溶区蚬木幼苗的光合与蒸腾特性.安徽农业科学,39(12):7147-7149.
Chaves MM,Maroco JP,Pereira JS.2003.Understanding plant responses to drought:From genes to the whole plant.Functional Plant Biology,30:239-264.
Farquhar GD,von Caemmerer S,Berry JA.2001.Models of photosynthesis.Plant Physiology,125:42-45.
Lum MS,Hanafi MM,Rafii YM,et al.2014.Effect of drought stress on growth,proline and antioxidant enzyme activities of upland rice.The Journal of Animal and Plant Sciences,24:1487-1493.
Man D,Bao YX,Han LB.2011.Drought tolerance associated with proline and hormone metabolism in two tall fescue cultivars.Hort Science,46:1027-1032.
Nohong B,Nompo S.2015.Effect of water stress on growth,yield,proline and soluble sugars contents of Signal grass and Napier grass species.American-Eurasian Journal of Sustainable Agriculture,9:14-21.
Sapeta H,Costa JM,Lourenco T,et al.2013.Drought stress response in Jatropha curcas:Growth and physiology.Environmental and Experimental Botany,85:76-84.
曹永慧,周本智,陈双林,等.2012.不同产地披针叶茴香光合特性对水分胁迫和复水的响应.生态学报,32(23):7421-7429.
曹永慧,周本智,陈双林.2014.弱光下水分胁迫对不同产地披针叶茴香幼苗生理特性的影响.生态学报,34(4):814-822.
代英超,徐奎源,马凯,等.2015.珍稀濒危植物堇叶紫金牛对持续干旱的生理响应.生态学报,35(9):2954-2959.
黄彩变,曾凡江,雷加强.2015.极端干旱区头状沙拐枣对水分条件变化的生理生态响应.植物研究,35(2):225-232.
井大炜,邢尚军,杜振宇,等.2013.干旱胁迫对杨树幼苗生长、光合特性及活性氧代谢的影响.应用生态学报,24(7):1809-1816.
李先琨,蒋忠诚,黄玉清,等.2008.桂西南岩溶山地优势植物种群动态及其对岩溶作用的影响.地球学报,29(2):253-259.
刘长成,刘玉国,郭柯.2011.四种不同生活型植物幼苗对喀斯特生境干旱的生理生态适应性.植物生态学报,35(10):1070-1082.
刘锦春,钟章成,何跃军.2011.干旱胁迫及复水对喀斯特地区柏木幼苗活性氧清除系统的影响.应用生态学报,22(11):2836-2840.
刘珊,何茜,李吉跃,等.2016.石漠化树种圆叶乌桕对干旱胁迫的生理响应.华南农业大学学报,37(2):96-100.
牛素贞,樊卫国.2013.喀斯特地区古茶树幼苗对干旱胁迫的生理响应及其抗旱性综合评价.园艺学报,40(8):1541-1552.
庞世龙,欧芷阳,申文辉,等.2017.干旱胁迫对蚬木幼苗表型可塑性的影响.中南林业科技大学学报,37(5):21-25.
魏媛,喻理飞.2010.西南喀斯特地区构树苗木对土壤干旱胁迫的生理响应.水土保持研究,17(2):164-167.
王爱英,姜艳娟,郝广友,等.2008.季节性干旱胁迫对石灰岩山三种常绿优势树种的水分和光合生理的影响.云南植物研究,30(3):325-332.
王凯,赵成姣,邓杰,等.2017.成年侧柏和刺槐对春季干旱的适应策略.生态学杂志,36(11):3176-3181.
王丁,姚健,杨雪,等.2011.干旱胁迫条件下6种喀斯特主要造林树种苗木叶片水势及吸水潜能变化.生态学报,31(8):2216-2226.
王凌晖,何斌.2009.南宁马占相思人工林微量元素分布与生物循环.林业科学,45(5):27-33.
王献溥,孙世洲,李信贤.1998.广西石灰岩季节性雨林分类的研究.植物研究,18(4):428-460.
王学奎.2006.植物生理生化实验原理和技术(第二版).北京:高等教育出版社.
吴朝学,严理,秦武明,等.2017.木荷人工林营养元素分布格局.西北林学院学报,32(1):54-61.
吴俊文,刘珊,李吉跃,等.2016.干旱胁迫下广东石漠化地区造林树种光合和耗水特性.生态学报,36(11):3429-3440.
张丹,任洁,王慧梅.2016.干旱胁迫及复水对红松针叶和树皮绿色组织光合特性及抗氧化系统的影响.生态学杂志,35(10):2606-2614.
张中峰,尤业明,黄玉清,等.2012a.模拟喀斯特生境条件下干旱胁迫对青冈栎苗木的影响.生态学报,32(20):6318-6325.
张中峰,尤业明,黄玉清,等.2012b.模拟岩溶水分供应分层的干旱胁迫对青冈栎光合特性和生长的影响.生态学杂志,31(9):2197-2202.
张珊珊,康洪梅,杨文忠,等.2016.干旱胁迫下AMF对云南蓝果树幼苗生长和光合特征的影响.生态学报,36(21):6850-6862.
朱宏光,李燕群,苏建苗,等.2011a.不同水分条件对蚬木幼苗生长的影响.安徽农业科学,39(11):6395-6396.
朱宏光,刘正富,苏建苗,等.2011b.广西北热带岩溶区蚬木幼苗的光合与蒸腾特性.安徽农业科学,39(12):7147-7149.
Chaves MM,Maroco JP,Pereira JS.2003.Understanding plant responses to drought:From genes to the whole plant.Functional Plant Biology,30:239-264.
Farquhar GD,von Caemmerer S,Berry JA.2001.Models of photosynthesis.Plant Physiology,125:42-45.
Lum MS,Hanafi MM,Rafii YM,et al.2014.Effect of drought stress on growth,proline and antioxidant enzyme activities of upland rice.The Journal of Animal and Plant Sciences,24:1487-1493.
Man D,Bao YX,Han LB.2011.Drought tolerance associated with proline and hormone metabolism in two tall fescue cultivars.Hort Science,46:1027-1032.
Nohong B,Nompo S.2015.Effect of water stress on growth,yield,proline and soluble sugars contents of Signal grass and Napier grass species.American-Eurasian Journal of Sustainable Agriculture,9:14-21.
Sapeta H,Costa JM,Lourenco T,et al.2013.Drought stress response in Jatropha curcas:Growth and physiology.Environmental and Experimental Botany,85:76-84.