杨宪益、霍克斯俗语标记体式翻译策略——基于《红楼梦》平行语料库
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摘要
从语料库翻译学视角出发,探讨杨宪益和霍克斯对《红楼梦》120回中俗语标记体式翻译策略的选择倾向、原文不同类型俗语标记体式的分布情况以及在两译文中的再现情况。研究发现:俗语标记体式集中于前80回,谚语标记体式占比最高,其次是成语标记体式。对两译者处理俗语标记体式的规律性翻译策略分析发现鉴于俗语的重要性,两译者都尽量避免使用省译法,而中西文化的差异限制了习译法的使用。总体上,杨宪益倾向使用直译法以最大程度地再现原语意义;霍克斯则依据俗语的内涵以及翻译目的,灵活选用直译或意译法。再现原文俗语标记体式语用内涵方面,两译者都出现了一定程度的漏译。
From the perspective of the corpus translation theory,this paper aims to explore the translation strategies of Yang,Hsien-yi and Hawkes for different types of marked folk sayings in120 chapters of The Dream of Red Mansion,the distribution of the four types of marked folk sayings and their representations in the English version. This paper finds that the marked folk sayings are mainly in the first 80 chapters in which the proverbs take up the most part followed by the idioms. For the importance of the folk sayings,both translators try to avoid omission translation; for the difference between Chinese and west culture,idiom translation is seldom used. In general,Yang,Hsien-yi tends to use literal translation to represent the culture and meaning of marked folk saying while Hawkes chooses between literal and free translation according to the folk saying' s connotation and the translation purpose. But as for certain marked folk sayings,both translators have neglected their pragmatic meanings.
From the perspective of the corpus translation theory,this paper aims to explore the translation strategies of Yang,Hsien-yi and Hawkes for different types of marked folk sayings in120 chapters of The Dream of Red Mansion,the distribution of the four types of marked folk sayings and their representations in the English version. This paper finds that the marked folk sayings are mainly in the first 80 chapters in which the proverbs take up the most part followed by the idioms. For the importance of the folk sayings,both translators try to avoid omission translation; for the difference between Chinese and west culture,idiom translation is seldom used. In general,Yang,Hsien-yi tends to use literal translation to represent the culture and meaning of marked folk saying while Hawkes chooses between literal and free translation according to the folk saying' s connotation and the translation purpose. But as for certain marked folk sayings,both translators have neglected their pragmatic meanings.
引文
[1]党争胜.民俗文化词的翻译问题探微:从《红楼梦》英文版中“压岁钱”等词的翻译谈起[J].外语教学,2015(1):93-97.
[2]钱亚旭,纪墨芳.《红楼梦》霍译本中物质文化负载词翻译策略的定量研究[J].红楼梦学刊,2011(6):59-72.
[3]肖建华.民俗语言初探[M].北京:中国社会出版社,2010.
[4]马春华.《红楼梦》歇后语体式的篇章功能解析[J].红楼梦学刊,2017(5):290-300.
[5] CAO Xueqin. A Dream of Red Mansions[M].Yang Hsien-yi,translate. Beijing:Foreign Lan-guages Press,2012.
[6] CAO Xueqin. The Story of The Stone[M].Haw kes D,translate. London:Penguin Group,1973.
[7]张宗伦.歇后语体式小议[J].南充师院学报(哲学社会科学版),1980(1):16.
[8]单伟龙.基于语料库的葛浩文习语翻译研究:以《红高粱家族》和《变》为个案[J].外语电化教学,2017(2):83-89.
[9]任亮娥,杨坚定,孙鸿仁.《红楼梦》汉英平行语料库[DB/OL].(2010-02-14)[2018-08-11]. http://corpus. zscas. edu. cn/.
[10]北京大学中国语言学研究中心.汉英双语语料库[DB/OL].[2018-08-11]. http://ccl.pku. edu. cn:8080/ccl_corpus/index. jsp? dir=xiandai.
[11]施建军.基于支持向量机技术的《红楼梦》作者研究[J].红楼梦学刊,2011(5):35-51.
[12]邵建阳.清末民初《红楼梦》作者问题探究[J].红楼梦学刊,2017(2):176-189.
[13]曹雪芹.红楼梦[M].上海:有正书局,1927.
[14]曹雪芹.红楼梦[M].北京:人民文学出版社,2008.
[2]钱亚旭,纪墨芳.《红楼梦》霍译本中物质文化负载词翻译策略的定量研究[J].红楼梦学刊,2011(6):59-72.
[3]肖建华.民俗语言初探[M].北京:中国社会出版社,2010.
[4]马春华.《红楼梦》歇后语体式的篇章功能解析[J].红楼梦学刊,2017(5):290-300.
[5] CAO Xueqin. A Dream of Red Mansions[M].Yang Hsien-yi,translate. Beijing:Foreign Lan-guages Press,2012.
[6] CAO Xueqin. The Story of The Stone[M].Haw kes D,translate. London:Penguin Group,1973.
[7]张宗伦.歇后语体式小议[J].南充师院学报(哲学社会科学版),1980(1):16.
[8]单伟龙.基于语料库的葛浩文习语翻译研究:以《红高粱家族》和《变》为个案[J].外语电化教学,2017(2):83-89.
[9]任亮娥,杨坚定,孙鸿仁.《红楼梦》汉英平行语料库[DB/OL].(2010-02-14)[2018-08-11]. http://corpus. zscas. edu. cn/.
[10]北京大学中国语言学研究中心.汉英双语语料库[DB/OL].[2018-08-11]. http://ccl.pku. edu. cn:8080/ccl_corpus/index. jsp? dir=xiandai.
[11]施建军.基于支持向量机技术的《红楼梦》作者研究[J].红楼梦学刊,2011(5):35-51.
[12]邵建阳.清末民初《红楼梦》作者问题探究[J].红楼梦学刊,2017(2):176-189.
[13]曹雪芹.红楼梦[M].上海:有正书局,1927.
[14]曹雪芹.红楼梦[M].北京:人民文学出版社,2008.