南海海洋环流季节变化的数值模拟研究
|
摘要
基于POM(Princeton Ocean Model)海洋模式,对南海不同深度环流的季节性变化进行了数值模拟研究。模拟结果表明:南海表层和上层环流受季风影响,在夏季西南季风驱动下,南海表层环流在南部呈现强反气旋式结构,在南海北部则是一个弱的气旋环流;在冬季东北季风驱动下,南海表层环流结构呈气旋式,并且明显加强了沿越南沿岸向南流动的西边界流;春季和秋季为南海季风的转换期,其对应的环流特征也处于冬季环流与夏季环流的过渡流型,流速与冬季和夏季相比较弱。南海200m层环流的季节变化与表层相似。在500与1 000m层,则出现许多处中尺度漩涡,流场也变得较为紊乱。
The seasonal variations of the circulations at different depth in the South China Sea are numerically simulated based on the Princeton Ocean Model(POM).The results show that the surface and the upper circulations in the South China Sea are affected by the monsoon.Driven by the southwest monsoon in summer,the surface circulation in the South China Sea shows a strong anticyclonic structure in the south and becomes a weak cyclonic circulation in the north.When driven by the northeast monsoon in winter,the surface circulation shows a cyclonic structure and strengthens obviously the western boundary current that flows southward along the coast of Vietnam.Spring and autumn are the monsoon switching period in the South China Sea.The circulation characteristics corresponding to this period show a transitional flow pattern between the winter and the summer circulations,with the flow velocity being weaker than those in winter and summer.The seasonal variations of the circulation at 200 mdepth in the South China Sea are similar to those of the surface circulation.At the water depth of 500 mand 1 000 min the South China Sea,many mesoscale whirlpools occur and the flow field there becomes also more disordered.
The seasonal variations of the circulations at different depth in the South China Sea are numerically simulated based on the Princeton Ocean Model(POM).The results show that the surface and the upper circulations in the South China Sea are affected by the monsoon.Driven by the southwest monsoon in summer,the surface circulation in the South China Sea shows a strong anticyclonic structure in the south and becomes a weak cyclonic circulation in the north.When driven by the northeast monsoon in winter,the surface circulation shows a cyclonic structure and strengthens obviously the western boundary current that flows southward along the coast of Vietnam.Spring and autumn are the monsoon switching period in the South China Sea.The circulation characteristics corresponding to this period show a transitional flow pattern between the winter and the summer circulations,with the flow velocity being weaker than those in winter and summer.The seasonal variations of the circulation at 200 mdepth in the South China Sea are similar to those of the surface circulation.At the water depth of 500 mand 1 000 min the South China Sea,many mesoscale whirlpools occur and the flow field there becomes also more disordered.
引文
[1]王志邦,孟振光,郭柱国.南海自然环境特点及其对航行安全的影响[J].广州航海学院学报,2013,21(2):23-26.
[2]苏纪兰.南海环流动力机制研究综述[J].海洋学报,2005,27(6):1-8.
[3]韩玉康,周林,吴炎成.基于HYCOM的南海中尺度涡数值模拟[J].海洋通报,2016,35(3):299-316.
[4]张晶,魏泽勋,李淑江,等.太平洋-印度洋贯穿流南海分支研究综述[J].海洋科学进展,2014,32(1):107-120.
[5]CHU P C,EDMONS N L,FAN C.Dynamical mechanisms for the South China Sea seasonal circulation and thermohaline variabilities[J].Journal of Physical Oceanography,1999,29(11):2971-2989.
[6]游小宝,李荣凤,张铭,等.三维斜压模式对冬季南海环流的数值计算[J].海洋学报,2001,23(6):1-10.
[7]WANG Q Y,CUI H,ZHANG S W.Water transports through the four main straits around the South China Sea[J].Chinese Journal Oceanology and Limnology,2009,27(2):229-236.
[8]BLUMBERG A F,MELLOR G L.Diagnostic and prognostic numerical circulation studies of the South Atlantic Bight[J].Journal of Geophysical Research Atmospheres,1983,88(C8):4579-4592.
[9]LONIN S A,HERNNDEZ J L,PALACIOS D M.Atmospheric events disrupting coastal upwelling in the southwestern Caribbean[J].Journal of Geophysical Research,2010,115(C06030):302-315.
[10]WANG Z F,DONG S,CHEN C C,et al.Long-term fluctuations in sea level along the US East Coast?A modeling study[J].Natural Hazards,2015,76(3):1603-1624.
[11]EZER T.Can the Gulf Stream induce coherent short-term fluctuations in sea level along the US East Coast?A modeling study[J].Ocean Dynamics,2016,66(2):207-220.
[12]宏波.南海北部环流季节特征及形成机制的数值研究[D].广州:中国科学院南海海洋研究所,2006:22-24.
[13]LIU Q Y,KANEKO A,SU J L.Recent progress in studies of the South China Sea circulation[J].Journal of Oceanography,2008,64(5):753-762.
[14]QU T.Evidence for water exchange between the South China Sea and the Pacific Ocean through the Luzon Strait[J].Acta Oceanologica Sinia,2002,21(2):175-185.
[15]YANG H J,LIU Q Y.Forced Rossby wave in the northern South China Sea[J].Deep-Sea Research Part I:Oceanographic Research Papers,2003,50(7):917-926.
[16]HU J Y,KAWAMURA H,HONG H S,et al.A review on the currents in the South China Sea:Seasonal circulation,South China Sea warm current and Kuroshio[J].Journal of Oceanography,2000,56(6):607-627.
[17]XIE Q,XIAO J G,WANG D X,et al.Analysis of deep-layer and bottom circulations in the South China Sea based on eight quasi-global ocean model outputs[J].Chinese Sience Bulletin,2013,58(32):4000-4011.
[18]WEI Z X,FANG G H,XU T F,et al.Seasonal variability of the isopycnal surface circulation in the South China Sea derived from a variable-grid global ocean circulation model[J].Acta Oceanologica Sinica,2016,35(1):11-20.
[2]苏纪兰.南海环流动力机制研究综述[J].海洋学报,2005,27(6):1-8.
[3]韩玉康,周林,吴炎成.基于HYCOM的南海中尺度涡数值模拟[J].海洋通报,2016,35(3):299-316.
[4]张晶,魏泽勋,李淑江,等.太平洋-印度洋贯穿流南海分支研究综述[J].海洋科学进展,2014,32(1):107-120.
[5]CHU P C,EDMONS N L,FAN C.Dynamical mechanisms for the South China Sea seasonal circulation and thermohaline variabilities[J].Journal of Physical Oceanography,1999,29(11):2971-2989.
[6]游小宝,李荣凤,张铭,等.三维斜压模式对冬季南海环流的数值计算[J].海洋学报,2001,23(6):1-10.
[7]WANG Q Y,CUI H,ZHANG S W.Water transports through the four main straits around the South China Sea[J].Chinese Journal Oceanology and Limnology,2009,27(2):229-236.
[8]BLUMBERG A F,MELLOR G L.Diagnostic and prognostic numerical circulation studies of the South Atlantic Bight[J].Journal of Geophysical Research Atmospheres,1983,88(C8):4579-4592.
[9]LONIN S A,HERNNDEZ J L,PALACIOS D M.Atmospheric events disrupting coastal upwelling in the southwestern Caribbean[J].Journal of Geophysical Research,2010,115(C06030):302-315.
[10]WANG Z F,DONG S,CHEN C C,et al.Long-term fluctuations in sea level along the US East Coast?A modeling study[J].Natural Hazards,2015,76(3):1603-1624.
[11]EZER T.Can the Gulf Stream induce coherent short-term fluctuations in sea level along the US East Coast?A modeling study[J].Ocean Dynamics,2016,66(2):207-220.
[12]宏波.南海北部环流季节特征及形成机制的数值研究[D].广州:中国科学院南海海洋研究所,2006:22-24.
[13]LIU Q Y,KANEKO A,SU J L.Recent progress in studies of the South China Sea circulation[J].Journal of Oceanography,2008,64(5):753-762.
[14]QU T.Evidence for water exchange between the South China Sea and the Pacific Ocean through the Luzon Strait[J].Acta Oceanologica Sinia,2002,21(2):175-185.
[15]YANG H J,LIU Q Y.Forced Rossby wave in the northern South China Sea[J].Deep-Sea Research Part I:Oceanographic Research Papers,2003,50(7):917-926.
[16]HU J Y,KAWAMURA H,HONG H S,et al.A review on the currents in the South China Sea:Seasonal circulation,South China Sea warm current and Kuroshio[J].Journal of Oceanography,2000,56(6):607-627.
[17]XIE Q,XIAO J G,WANG D X,et al.Analysis of deep-layer and bottom circulations in the South China Sea based on eight quasi-global ocean model outputs[J].Chinese Sience Bulletin,2013,58(32):4000-4011.
[18]WEI Z X,FANG G H,XU T F,et al.Seasonal variability of the isopycnal surface circulation in the South China Sea derived from a variable-grid global ocean circulation model[J].Acta Oceanologica Sinica,2016,35(1):11-20.