总体矩阵法在水电站频率调节稳定性分析中的应用
|
摘要
水电站输水发电系统稳定性的分析是电站设计和运行中的关键问题。水电站输水发电系统稳定性的分析以往多采用基于传递函数法的理论分析和数值仿真,但当管道系统较为复杂时,如一洞多机输水发电系统,则不易推导系统的传递函数,也不易建立仿真模型并得到较为准确的稳定域。针对上述问题,首先推导了机组阻抗表达式,然后基于水力系统振动特性分析方法,建立输水发电系统总体矩阵,并以最大衰减因子σmax是否小于0作为稳定性的判别依据。为了验证提出方法的准确性,采用总体矩阵法对两个工程实例进行了计算分析,在单管单机模型中与基于传递函数法和Simulink数值仿真的计算结果进行了对比;在一洞四机模型中与Simulink数值仿真的计算结果进行了对比。结果表明,总体矩阵法能够准确求解复杂输水发电系统的稳定域,并可通过修改系统各个模块相应的传递矩阵排列顺序而适应不同的电站布置形式,极大地方便了水电站运行稳定性的计算与分析。
The operation stability is a key problem in design and operation of hydropower stations. In the past,theoretical analysis based on transfer function method and numerical simulation were mostly used to analyze the operation stability of hydropower stations. However,when the pipeline system is more complex,such as a system with multiple generating units sharing a same pipeline,it is difficult to deduce the system transfer function,and it is not easy to establish the simulation model and get a more accurate stability region. The aim of this paper is to study the above problems. First,the expression of the impedance of hydropower generating units is derived. Then,based on the analysis method of oscillation characteristics of hydraulic system,an overall matrix of the hydropower generation system is established,and the stability criterion is applied based on whether the maximum damping ratio is smaller than zero. In order to verify the method, two engineering examples are given in this paper. For a hydropower station with one generating unit,the proposed overall matrix method is compared with transfer function method and numerical simulation based on MATLAB/Simulink;for a hydropower station with four generating units sharing the same conduit, the proposed overall matrix method is compared with the numerical simulation based on MATLAB/Simulink. The results show that the overall matrix method can accurately solve the stability region of the complex system and can be adapted to various layout forms of hydropower stations by modifying the order of the corresponding matrix arrangement of the system,which greatly facilitates the calculation and analysis of the stability of hydropower stations.
The operation stability is a key problem in design and operation of hydropower stations. In the past,theoretical analysis based on transfer function method and numerical simulation were mostly used to analyze the operation stability of hydropower stations. However,when the pipeline system is more complex,such as a system with multiple generating units sharing a same pipeline,it is difficult to deduce the system transfer function,and it is not easy to establish the simulation model and get a more accurate stability region. The aim of this paper is to study the above problems. First,the expression of the impedance of hydropower generating units is derived. Then,based on the analysis method of oscillation characteristics of hydraulic system,an overall matrix of the hydropower generation system is established,and the stability criterion is applied based on whether the maximum damping ratio is smaller than zero. In order to verify the method, two engineering examples are given in this paper. For a hydropower station with one generating unit,the proposed overall matrix method is compared with transfer function method and numerical simulation based on MATLAB/Simulink;for a hydropower station with four generating units sharing the same conduit, the proposed overall matrix method is compared with the numerical simulation based on MATLAB/Simulink. The results show that the overall matrix method can accurately solve the stability region of the complex system and can be adapted to various layout forms of hydropower stations by modifying the order of the corresponding matrix arrangement of the system,which greatly facilitates the calculation and analysis of the stability of hydropower stations.
引文
[1]魏守平.水轮机调节[M].武汉:华中科技大学出版社,2009.
[2]陈嘉谋,李郁侠.具有复杂导水管道的水轮机调节系统数学模型[J].大电机技术,1992(5):55-60.
[3]戴敏,刘炳文,蔡维由,等.具有不同引水管道的水轮机调节系统数学模型[J].武汉水利电力大学学报,1997(2):24-28.
[4]马薇.具有复杂引水管道的水轮机调节系统小波动稳定性分析[D].西安:西安理工大学,2003.
[5]郭文成,杨建东,杨威嘉.水轮机三种调节模式稳定性比较研究[J].水力发电学报,2014,33(4):255-262.
[6] YANG W J,YANG J D,GUO W C,et al. Frequency stability of isolated hydropower plant with surge tank under different turbine control modes[J]. Electric Power Components and Systems,2015,43(15):1707-1716.
[7]刘昌玉,何雪松,何凤军,等.水电机组原动机及其调节系统精细化建模[J].电网技术,2015,39(1):230-235.
[8]俞晓东,张健,刘甲春.联合运行水电站水力机械系统小波动稳定性研究[J].水利学报,2017,48(2):234-240.
[9]索丽生.设置上下游双调压室的水力─机械系统的小波动稳定分析[J].华东水利学院学报(自然科学版),1984,12(4):33-42.
[10]郑向阳.有调压室水电站多机一洞时水力调速系统稳定分析[D].武汉:武汉大学,2005.
[11]俞晓东,张健,苗帝,等.尾水岔管在调压室后交汇的水电站小波动稳定分析[J].水利学报,2014,45(4):458-466.
[12] WYLIE E B. Resonance in pressurized piping systems[D]. Ann Arbor:The University of Michigan,1964.
[13]乔杜里.实用水力瞬变过程[M].程永光,杨建东,赖旭,等译. 3版.北京:中国水利水电出版社,2015.
[14]冯文涛.水电站复杂有压输水系统水力振动特性研究[D].武汉:武汉大学,2012.
[15]段炼,杨建东,冯文涛.总体矩阵法在水电站水力振动研究中的应用[J].水电能源科学,2011,29(12):74-77.
[16]叶复萌,朱渊岳,樊红刚,等.抽水蓄能电站复杂管系的自激振动研究[J].水力发电学报,2007(4):135-140.
[17] SUO L S,WYLIE E B. Impulse response method for frequency-dependent pipeline transients[J]. Journal of Flu?id Engineering,1989,111(4):478-483.
[18] KIM S H. Impedance matrix method for transient analysis of complicated pipe networks[J]. Journal of Hydraulic Resources,2007,45(6):818-828.
[19] KIM S H. Address-oriented impedance matrix method for generic calibration of heterogeneous pipe network sys?tems[J]. Journal of Hydraulic Engineering,2008,34(1):66-75.
[20] RANGINKAMAN M H,HAGHIGHI A,SAMANI H M V. Application of the frequency response method for tran?sient flow analysis of looped pipe networks[J]. International Journal of Civil Engineering,2017,15:677-687.
[21] VíTKOVSKYJ P,LEE P J,ZECCHIN A C,et al. Head and flow based formulations for frequency domain analy?sis of fluid transients in arbitrary pipe networks[J]. Journal of Hydraulic Engineering,2011,137(5):556-568.
[22]周建旭.长输水系统电站振动特性与稳定性分析[M].北京:中国水利水电出版社,2011.
[23]沈祖诒.水轮机调节[M].北京:中国水利水电出版社,1981.
[2]陈嘉谋,李郁侠.具有复杂导水管道的水轮机调节系统数学模型[J].大电机技术,1992(5):55-60.
[3]戴敏,刘炳文,蔡维由,等.具有不同引水管道的水轮机调节系统数学模型[J].武汉水利电力大学学报,1997(2):24-28.
[4]马薇.具有复杂引水管道的水轮机调节系统小波动稳定性分析[D].西安:西安理工大学,2003.
[5]郭文成,杨建东,杨威嘉.水轮机三种调节模式稳定性比较研究[J].水力发电学报,2014,33(4):255-262.
[6] YANG W J,YANG J D,GUO W C,et al. Frequency stability of isolated hydropower plant with surge tank under different turbine control modes[J]. Electric Power Components and Systems,2015,43(15):1707-1716.
[7]刘昌玉,何雪松,何凤军,等.水电机组原动机及其调节系统精细化建模[J].电网技术,2015,39(1):230-235.
[8]俞晓东,张健,刘甲春.联合运行水电站水力机械系统小波动稳定性研究[J].水利学报,2017,48(2):234-240.
[9]索丽生.设置上下游双调压室的水力─机械系统的小波动稳定分析[J].华东水利学院学报(自然科学版),1984,12(4):33-42.
[10]郑向阳.有调压室水电站多机一洞时水力调速系统稳定分析[D].武汉:武汉大学,2005.
[11]俞晓东,张健,苗帝,等.尾水岔管在调压室后交汇的水电站小波动稳定分析[J].水利学报,2014,45(4):458-466.
[12] WYLIE E B. Resonance in pressurized piping systems[D]. Ann Arbor:The University of Michigan,1964.
[13]乔杜里.实用水力瞬变过程[M].程永光,杨建东,赖旭,等译. 3版.北京:中国水利水电出版社,2015.
[14]冯文涛.水电站复杂有压输水系统水力振动特性研究[D].武汉:武汉大学,2012.
[15]段炼,杨建东,冯文涛.总体矩阵法在水电站水力振动研究中的应用[J].水电能源科学,2011,29(12):74-77.
[16]叶复萌,朱渊岳,樊红刚,等.抽水蓄能电站复杂管系的自激振动研究[J].水力发电学报,2007(4):135-140.
[17] SUO L S,WYLIE E B. Impulse response method for frequency-dependent pipeline transients[J]. Journal of Flu?id Engineering,1989,111(4):478-483.
[18] KIM S H. Impedance matrix method for transient analysis of complicated pipe networks[J]. Journal of Hydraulic Resources,2007,45(6):818-828.
[19] KIM S H. Address-oriented impedance matrix method for generic calibration of heterogeneous pipe network sys?tems[J]. Journal of Hydraulic Engineering,2008,34(1):66-75.
[20] RANGINKAMAN M H,HAGHIGHI A,SAMANI H M V. Application of the frequency response method for tran?sient flow analysis of looped pipe networks[J]. International Journal of Civil Engineering,2017,15:677-687.
[21] VíTKOVSKYJ P,LEE P J,ZECCHIN A C,et al. Head and flow based formulations for frequency domain analy?sis of fluid transients in arbitrary pipe networks[J]. Journal of Hydraulic Engineering,2011,137(5):556-568.
[22]周建旭.长输水系统电站振动特性与稳定性分析[M].北京:中国水利水电出版社,2011.
[23]沈祖诒.水轮机调节[M].北京:中国水利水电出版社,1981.