桃源枢纽坝下汇流区推移质运动特性试验研究
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摘要
为分析桃源枢纽坝下汇流区推移质运动特性,采用整体定床物理模型开展了定床水流和定床输沙试验,观测各级流量下水流要素和输沙带分布。对比分析发现,随来流汇流比的不同,汇流区水动力条件复杂多变,但汇流区泥沙淤积体范围总是与主流带分布密切相关。推移质泥沙沿主流带输移,泥沙淤积体多见于输沙带边线处、流线转折较大处以及河床局部背水面下凹处。中枯水期因下泄水流流速较大,且沿程流速迅速降低,坝下推移质泥沙为短距离泥沙输移;洪水期因河段流速整体较大,为长距离泥沙输移。
In order to analyze the bed load movement characteristics in the confluence area under the Taoyuan junction,the fixed bed flow and sediment transport experiments were carried out by using the integral fixed bed physical model to observe the distribution of water flow elements and sand transport belts under different flow rates.It is found that the hydrodynamic conditions in the confluence area are complex and changeable with the different confluence ratio,however,the range of sediment deposition in the confluence area is always closely related to the distribution of the main flow area. The bed load sediment is transported along the main stream, and the sedimentation bodies are mostly found at the boundary line of the transport belt,the turning point of the streamline and the concave under the local back surface of the riverbed. In the middle and low water period, the sediment transport under the dam is short distance because the discharge flow velocity is large and the flow velocity decreases rapidly along the river.In the flood period,the sediment transport is long distance because the river velocity is large.
In order to analyze the bed load movement characteristics in the confluence area under the Taoyuan junction,the fixed bed flow and sediment transport experiments were carried out by using the integral fixed bed physical model to observe the distribution of water flow elements and sand transport belts under different flow rates.It is found that the hydrodynamic conditions in the confluence area are complex and changeable with the different confluence ratio,however,the range of sediment deposition in the confluence area is always closely related to the distribution of the main flow area. The bed load sediment is transported along the main stream, and the sedimentation bodies are mostly found at the boundary line of the transport belt,the turning point of the streamline and the concave under the local back surface of the riverbed. In the middle and low water period, the sediment transport under the dam is short distance because the discharge flow velocity is large and the flow velocity decreases rapidly along the river.In the flood period,the sediment transport is long distance because the river velocity is large.
引文
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[2]李志宏,付中敏,郑惊涛,等.弯曲分汊河段浅区成因研究[J].水道港口,2012,33(1):36-38.
[3]胡鹏,裴金林,陆建萍,等.分汊河道通航条件及航路布置方案[J].水运工程,2014(12):92-95.
[4]童朝锋.分汊口水沙运动特征及三维水流数学模型应用研究[D].南京:河海大学,2005.
[5]潘庆燊,胡向阳.长江中下游分汊河段的整治[J].长江科学院院报,2005,22(3):13-16.
[6]刘万利,李旺生,李一兵,等.长江中游典型微弯分汊河段择汊问题探讨[J].水运工程,2012(8):141-144.
[7]张超,张大伟,赵刚,等.汇流区流态及工程整治方案的数学模型研究[J].水力发电学报,2006,25(3):53-57.
[8]李元,吴方,卢金友,等.Y型汇流区水流结构试验研究[J].人民长江,2016,47(24):98-100+105.
[9]刘同宦,郭炜,王协康,等.入汇角为30°时交汇区水流结构试验研究[J].长江科学院院报,2007(4):75-78.
[10]GUDMUNDSSON G H.A three-dimensional numerical model of the confluence area of Unteraargletscher,Bernese Alps,Switzerland[J],Journal of glaciology,1999,45:219-230.
[11]刘鹏飞.水利枢纽下游分汊河段河床演变规律及试验研究[D].长沙:长沙理工大学,2011.
[12]张明进.新水沙条件下荆江河段航道整治工程适应性及原则研究[D].天津:天津大学,2014.