分离涡模拟类方法发展及在叶轮机械内流场的应用
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摘要
分离涡模拟(Detached eddy simulation,DES)方法是目前支撑叶轮机械精细化设计的高精度且工程可实现的数值模拟方法之一。本文简要回顾了DES类方法的发展历程、存在问题和解决方法,并以基于一方程的DES类方法为例阐明其构造思路。在准确性验证方面,针对叶轮机械中普遍存在的分离和转捩现象,结合当前DES类方法对经典物理模型的模拟结果,分析了DES类方法对该现象的预测能力。在此基础上,对DES类方法在直叶栅、亚声速和跨声速叶轮机械内流场的预测精度及应用现状进行了简要评述,并着重分析了当前DES类方法在叶轮机械应用中需要兼顾的问题,为下一步DES方法在高性能压气机设计中的应用提供参考。
Detached eddy simulation(DES)is one of the numerical simulation methods with high-precision and feasibility in engineering,which can support refinement design for turbomachinery.This paper briefly reviews the development,problems and solutions of DES method,and illustrates the construction idea of the DES method based on one-equation turbulence model.In the aspect of accuracy verification,based on the simulation results of the classical physics model,the prediction accuracy of DES method for separation and transition phenomena which is ubiquitous in turbomachinery is analyzed.On the basis of this,the prediction accuracy and application of the DES method in internal flow field,like cascade,subsonic and transonic turbomachinery,are briefly reviewed.Finally,the issues that need serious consideration for application of DES method to turbomachinery are presented.This paper provides reference for application of DES method to high-performance compressor design.
Detached eddy simulation(DES)is one of the numerical simulation methods with high-precision and feasibility in engineering,which can support refinement design for turbomachinery.This paper briefly reviews the development,problems and solutions of DES method,and illustrates the construction idea of the DES method based on one-equation turbulence model.In the aspect of accuracy verification,based on the simulation results of the classical physics model,the prediction accuracy of DES method for separation and transition phenomena which is ubiquitous in turbomachinery is analyzed.On the basis of this,the prediction accuracy and application of the DES method in internal flow field,like cascade,subsonic and transonic turbomachinery,are briefly reviewed.Finally,the issues that need serious consideration for application of DES method to turbomachinery are presented.This paper provides reference for application of DES method to high-performance compressor design.
引文
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[11]BALDWIN B,LOMAX H.Thin-layer approximation and algebraic model for separated turbulentflows[C]//AIAA 16th Aerospace Sciences Meeting.[S.l.]:AIAA,1978:257.
[12]SPALART P R,ALLMARAS S R.A one-equation turbulence model for aerodynamic flows[J].La Recherche Aérospatiale,2003,439(1):5-21.
[13]LAUNDER B E,SPALDING D B.The numerical computation of turbulent flows[J].Computer Methods in Applied Mechanics and Engineering,1974,3(2):269-289.
[14]WILCOX D C.Formulation of the k-ωturbulence model revisited[J].AIAA Journal,2008,46(11):2823-2838.
[15]王翔宇.RANS/LES混合方法在湍流精细数值模拟中的应用与改进[D].西安:西北工业大学,2016.WANG Xiangyu.The application and improvement of hybrid RANS/LES method in the fine numerical simulation of turbulent flow[D].Xi′an:Northwestern Polytechnical University,2016.
[16]JIMENEZ J.Near-wall turbulence[J].Physics of Fluids,2013,25(10):97-120.
[17]SPALART P R.Detached eddy simulation[J].The Annual Review of Fluid Mechanics,2009,41:181-202.
[18]TRAVIN A K,SHUR M L,SPALART P R,et al.Improvement of delayed detached-eddy simulation for LES with wall modeling[C]∥European Conference on Computational Fluid Dynamics.The Netherlands:TU Delft,2006.
[19]NIKITIN N V,NICOUD F,WASISTHO B,et al.An approach to wall modeling in large-eddy simulations[J].Physics of Fluids,2000,12(7):1629-1632.
[20]TRAVIN A,SHUR M,STRELETS M M,et al.Physical and numerical upgrades in the detached-eddy simulation of complex turbulent flows[C]//Advances in LES of Complex Flows.Springer Netherlands:Springer,2002:239-254.
[21]YAN J,MOCKETT C,THIELE F.Investigation of alternative length scale substitutions in detached-eddy simulation[J].Flow Turbulence and Combustion,2005,74(1):85-102.
[22]JEE S K,SHARIFF K.Detached-eddy simulation based on the v2-f model[J].International Journal of Heat and Fluid Flow,2014,46:84-101.
[23]NIELS N S,BECHMANN A,ZAHLE F.3DCFD computations of transitional flows using DES and a correlation based transition model[J].Wind Energy,2011,14(1):77-90.
[24]TRAVIN A,SHUR M,STRELETS M,et al.Detached-eddy simulations past a circular cylinder[J].Flow,Turbulence and Combustion,2000,63(1):293-313.
[25]NISHINO T,ROBERTS G T,ZHANG X L,et al.Unsteady RANS and detached-eddy simulations of flow around a circular cylinder in ground effect[J].Journal of Fluids and Structures,2008,24(1):18-33.
[26]陈江涛,张培红,周乃春,等.基于SA湍流模型的DES方法应用[J].北京航空航天大学学报,2012,38(7):905-909.CHEN Jiangtao,ZHANG Peihong,ZHOU Naichun,et al.Application of detached-eddy simulation based on spalart-allmaras turbulence model[J].Journal of Beijing University of Aeronautics and Astronautics,2012,38(7):905-909.
[27]邓枫,伍贻兆,刘学强.用DES数值模拟分离绕流中的旋涡运动[J].计算物理,2008,25(6):683-688.DENG Feng,WU Yizhao,LIU Xueqiang.Simulation of vortex in separated flows with DES[J].Chinese Journal of Computational Physics,2008,25(6):683-688.
[28]XU Changyue,CHEN Liwei,LU Xiyun.Large-eddy and detached-eddy simulations of the separated flow around a circular cylinder[J].Journal of Hydrodynamics,2007,19(5):559-563.
[29]MICHEL U,ESCHRICHT D,GRESCHNER B,et al.Advanced DES methods and their application to aeroacoustics[C]//Progress in Hybrid RANS-LES Modelling.Berlin Heidelberg:Springer,2010:59-76.
[30]DECK S.Recent improvements in the Zonal Detached Eddy Simulation(ZDES)formulation[J].Theoretical and Computational Fluid Dynamic,2012,26:523-550.
[31]KOK J C,van der VEN H.Destabilizing free shear layers in X-LES using a stochastic subgrid-scale model[C]//Progress in Hybrid RANS-LES Modelling.Berlin Heidelberg:Springer,2010:179-189.
[32]KOK J C,van der VEN H.Capturing free shear layers in hybrid RANS-LES simulations of separated flow[R].Second Symposium“Simulation of Wing and Nacelle Stall”NLR-TP-2012-333.Germany:National Aerospace Laboratory,2012.
[33]SHUR M L,SPALART P R,STRELETS M K,et al.An enhanced version of DES with rapid transition from RANS to LES in separated flows[J].Flow,Turbulence and Combustion,2015,95(4):709-737.
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