Exogenous Application of Abscisic Acid(ABA) Enhances Chilling Tolerance in Seedlings of Napier Grass(Pennisetum purpureum Schum.)
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摘要
Napier grass, an important forage crop with potentials in multi-purpose applications, is widely grown throughout the tropics and subtropics. Low temperature severely limits its productivity and geographical distribution in temperate regions of the world. In this study, we investigated the effect of exogenous abscisic Acid(ABA) on chilling tolerance of napier grass(Pennisetum purpureum Schum.) seedlings. Seven-day-old napier grass seedlings were cultured in dd H_2O or ABA solution at different concentrations and exposed to 1 ℃ for different time durations. The chilling injury, membrane stability index(MSI) and proline content were estimated from leaf samples. The results showed that there was obvious morphological injury of leaf blighting and restrained growth for the seedlings under chilling stress, but this damage can be largely reduced(by 2/3) when the seedlings were treated by 100 μmol/L ABA in the culture solution, and that the application of exogenous ABA can help to maintain a good stability of leaf cell membrane as expressed by a high MSI value and a low level of proline in leaf cells. These results suggested that exogenous ABA can significantly alleviate chilling injury in napier grass seedlings by maintaining the stability of leaf cell membrane during chilling stress, and that the chilling tolerance was not ensured by a proline accumulation although a passive accumulation of proline was observed in the seedlings under chilling stress. Our results lay a preliminary foundation for future investigations on the molecular mechanisms of ABA induced chilling or freezing tolerance in napier grass.
Napier grass, an important forage crop with potentials in multi-purpose applications, is widely grown throughout the tropics and subtropics. Low temperature severely limits its productivity and geographical distribution in temperate regions of the world. In this study, we investigated the effect of exogenous abscisic Acid(ABA) on chilling tolerance of napier grass(Pennisetum purpureum Schum.) seedlings. Seven-day-old napier grass seedlings were cultured in dd H_2O or ABA solution at different concentrations and exposed to 1 ℃ for different time durations. The chilling injury, membrane stability index(MSI) and proline content were estimated from leaf samples. The results showed that there was obvious morphological injury of leaf blighting and restrained growth for the seedlings under chilling stress, but this damage can be largely reduced(by 2/3) when the seedlings were treated by 100 μmol/L ABA in the culture solution, and that the application of exogenous ABA can help to maintain a good stability of leaf cell membrane as expressed by a high MSI value and a low level of proline in leaf cells. These results suggested that exogenous ABA can significantly alleviate chilling injury in napier grass seedlings by maintaining the stability of leaf cell membrane during chilling stress, and that the chilling tolerance was not ensured by a proline accumulation although a passive accumulation of proline was observed in the seedlings under chilling stress. Our results lay a preliminary foundation for future investigations on the molecular mechanisms of ABA induced chilling or freezing tolerance in napier grass.
Napier grass, an important forage crop with potentials in multi-purpose applications, is widely grown throughout the tropics and subtropics. Low temperature severely limits its productivity and geographical distribution in temperate regions of the world. In this study, we investigated the effect of exogenous abscisic Acid(ABA) on chilling tolerance of napier grass(Pennisetum purpureum Schum.) seedlings. Seven-day-old napier grass seedlings were cultured in dd H_2O or ABA solution at different concentrations and exposed to 1 ℃ for different time durations. The chilling injury, membrane stability index(MSI) and proline content were estimated from leaf samples. The results showed that there was obvious morphological injury of leaf blighting and restrained growth for the seedlings under chilling stress, but this damage can be largely reduced(by 2/3) when the seedlings were treated by 100 μmol/L ABA in the culture solution, and that the application of exogenous ABA can help to maintain a good stability of leaf cell membrane as expressed by a high MSI value and a low level of proline in leaf cells. These results suggested that exogenous ABA can significantly alleviate chilling injury in napier grass seedlings by maintaining the stability of leaf cell membrane during chilling stress, and that the chilling tolerance was not ensured by a proline accumulation although a passive accumulation of proline was observed in the seedlings under chilling stress. Our results lay a preliminary foundation for future investigations on the molecular mechanisms of ABA induced chilling or freezing tolerance in napier grass.
引文
[1]SINGH BP,SINGH HP,OBENG E.Elephantgrass,in biofuel crops:production,physiology and genetics[M].New York:CABI Publishing,2013.
[2]DOS REIS GB,MESQUITA AT,TORRES GA,et al.Genomic homeology between Pennisetum purpureum and Pennisetum glaucum(Poaceae)[J].Comp Cytogenet,2014,8:199-209.
[3]MARSHALL E.The Soviet elephant grass theory[J].Science,1982,217:32.
[4]FARRELL G,SIMONS SA,HILLOCKS RJ.Aspects of the biology of Ustilago kamerunensis,a smut pathogen of napier grass(Pennisetum purpureum)[J].Journal of Phytopathology,2001,149:739-744.
[5]KUBOTA F,MATSUDA Y,AGATA W,et al.The relationship between canopy structure and high productivity in napier grass,Pennisetum purpureum Schumack[J].Field Crop Research,1994,38:105-110.
[6]LIN ZX.Elephant grass,in JUNCAO Scienc E[M].Beijing:National School of Administration Press,2013.
[7]WEN XN,JIAN YZ,XIE XM.The comprehensive exploitation and utilization of Pennisetum purpureum[J].Pratacultural Science,2009,26:108-112.
[8]O'YANG YL,LI L,DUAN JN.The analysis and evaluation of the marginal land which is suitable for Napier grass cultivation in China[J].Econ Res Guide,2013,13:256-258.
[9]STREZOV V,EVANS TJ,HAYMAN C.Thermal conversion of elephant grass Pennisetum purpureum Schum)to biogas,bio-oil and charcoal[J].Bioresources Technology,2008,99:8394-8399.
[10]SOMERVILLE C,YOUNGS H,TAYLOR C,et al.Feedstocks for lignocellulosic biofuels[J].Science 2010,329:790-792.
[11]TAKARA D,KHANAL SK.Characterizing compositional changes of Napier grass at different stages of growth for biofuel and biobased products potential[J].Bioresour Technol,2015,188:103-108(2015).
[12]WEN B,YUAN X,LI QX,et al.Comparison and evaluation of concurrent saccharification and anaerobic digestion of Napier grass after pretreatment by three microbial consortia[J].Bioresour Technol,2015,175:102-111.
[13]ZHOU F,DONG ZX,XIE XM.Review on the research and utilization of Pennisetum purpureum cv.Mott in tropical and subtropical areas[J].Grassland and Turf,2007,3:76-82.
[14]MADAKADZE IC,MASAMVU TM,RADIOTIS T,et al.Evaluation of pulp and paper making characteristics of elephant grass(Pennisetum purpureum Schumack)and switchgrass(Panicum virgatum L.)[J].African Journal of Environmental Science and Technology,2010,47:465-470.
[15]SHAHA DC,KUNDU SR AND HASAN MN.Production of organic grass carp(Ctenopharyngodon idella)and GIFT tilapia(Oreochromis niloticus)using napier grass,Pennisetum purpureum[J].Journal of Fisheries,2015,3:233-238.
[16]CHENG Z,MO WY,NIE XP,et al.The use of food waste-based diets and Napier grass to culture grass carp:growth performance and contaminants contained in cultured fish[J].Environ Sci Pollut Res Int,2016,23:7204-7210.
[17]LIU Y,ZHAO C,LIN D,LIN H,et al.Effect of water extract from spent mushroom substrate after Ganoderma balabacense cultivation by using JUNCAO technique on production performance and hematology parameters of dairy cows[J].Anim Sci J,2015,86:855-862.
[18]AYOTAMUNO JM,KOGBARA RB,EGWUENUM PN.Comparison of corn and elephant grass in the phytoremediation of a petroleum-hydrocarboncontaminated agricultural soil in Port Harcourt,Nigeria[J].Journal of Food,Agriculture and Environment,2006,3/4:218-222.
[19]ZHANG X,XIA H,LI Z,et al.Potential of four forage grasses in remediation of Cd and Zn contaminated soils[J].Bioresource Technology,2010,101:2063-2066.
[20]KHAN ZR,MIDEGA CAO,WADHAMS LJ,et al.Evaluation of Napier grass(Pennisetum purpureum)varieties as trap plants for the management of African stemborer(Busseola fusca)in a push-pull strategy[J].Entomologia Experimenatlis et Applicata,2007,124:201-211.
[21]NGUYEN HT,LEIPNER J,STAMP P,et al.Low temperature stress in maize(Zea mays L.)induces genes involved in photosynthesis and signal transduction as studied by suppression subtractive hybridization[J].Plant Physiol Biochem,2009,47:116-122.
[22]LEVITT J.Responses of plants to environmental stress.Volume 1:Chilling,Freezing,and High Temperature Stress[M].New York:New York Academic Press,1980.
[23]XIN Z,ROWSE J.Cold comfort farm:the acclimation of plants to freezing temperatures[J].Plant Cell Environ,2000,23:893-902.
[24]GUSTA LV,TRISCHUK R,WEISER CJ.Plant Cold acclimation:the role of ascisic acid[J].J Plant Growth Regul,2005,24:308-318.
[25]SANGHERA GS,WANI SH,HUSSAIN W,et al.Engineering cold stress tolerance in crop plants[J].Curr Genomics,2011,12:30-43.
[26]HANNAH MA,HEYER AG,HINCHA DK.A global survey of gene regulation during cold acclimation in Arabidopsis thaliana[J].PLo S Genet,2005,1:e26.
[27]CHINNUSAMY V,ZHU J,ZHU JK.Cold stress regulation of gene expression in plants[J].Trends,Plant Sci,2007,12:444-451.
[28]ZHU JH,DONG CH,ZHU JK.Interplay between cold-responsive gene regulation,metabolism and RNA processing during plant cold acclimation[J].Curr Opin Plant Biol,2007,10:290-295.
[29]LISSARRE M,OHTA M,SATO A,et al.Cold-responsive gene regulation during cold acclimation in plants[J].Plant Signal Behav,2010,5:948-952.
[30]BARRERO-GIL J,SALINAS J.Posttranslational regulation of cold acclimation response[J].Plant Sci,2013,205-206:48-54.
[31]CHAWADE A,LINDLF A,OLSSON B,et al.Global expression profiling of low temperature induced genes in the chilling tolerant japonica rice Jumli Marshi[J].PLo S One,2013,8:e81729.
[32]ROYCHOUDHURY A,PAUL S,BASU S.Cross-talk between abscisic aciddependent and abscisic acid-independent pathways during abiotic stress[J].Plant Cell Rep,2013,32:985-1006.
[33]SHI Y,DING Y,YANG S.Cold signal transduction and its interplay with phytohormones during cold acclimation[J].Plant Cell Physiol,2015,56:7-15.
[34]ROYCHOUDHURY A,BASU S.Ascorbate-glutathione and plant tolerance to various abiotic stresses[A].In Oxidative stress in plants causes,consequences and tolerance[C].New Delhi:International Publishing House Pvt Ltd.2012,177-258.
[34]TUTEJA N.Abscisic acid and abiotic stress signaling[J].Plant Signal Behav,2007,2:135-138.
[35]PARDOSSI A,VERNIERI P,TOGNONI F.Involvement of abscisic acid in regulating water status in Phaseolus vulgaris L.during chilling[J].Plant Physiol,1992,100:1243-1250.
[36]ANDERSON MD,PRASAD TK,MARTIN BA,et al.Differential gene expression in chilling-acclimated maize seedlings and evidence for the involvement of abscisic acid in chilling tolerance[J].Plant Physiol,1994,105:331-339.
[37]ZHOU BY,GUO ZF,LIU ZL.Effects of abscisic acid on antioxidant systems of Stylosanthes guianensis(Aublet)Sw.under chilling stress[J].Crop Sci,2005,45:599-605.
[38]GUO WL,CHEN RG,GONG ZH,et al.Exogenous abscisic acid increases antioxidant enzymes and related gene expression in pepper(Capsicum annuum)leaves subjected to chilling stress[J].Genet Mol Res,2012,11:4063-4080.
[39]FLORES-Nimedes AA,DRFFLING,VERGARA BS.Improvement of chilling resistance in rice by application of an abscisic acid analog in combination with the growth retardant tetcyclacis[J].J Plant Growth Regul,1993,12:27-34.
[40]SHINKAWA R,MORISHITA A,AMIKURA K,et al.Abscisic acid induced freezing tolerance in chilling-sensitive suspension cultures and seedlings of rice[J].BMC Research Notes,2013,6:1-14.
[41]RIKIN A,WALDMAN M,RICHMOND AE,et al.Hormonal regulation of morphogenesis andcold resistance:I.Modification by abscisic acid and by gibberellic acid in alfalfa(Medicago sativa)seedlings[J].J Exp Bot,1975,26:175-183.
[42]CHEN THH,GAVINLERTVATANA P,LI PH.Cold acclimation of stem cultural plants and leaf callus of Solanum species[J].Bot Gaz,1979,140:142-147.
[43]LALK I,DRFFING K.Hardening,abscisic acid,proline and freezing resistance in two winter wheat varieties[J].Physiol Plant,1985,63:287-292.
[44]CHURCHILL GC,REANEY MJT,ABRAMS SR,et al.Effects of abscisic acid and abscisic acid analogs on the induction of freezing tolerance of winter rye(Secale cereale L)[J].Plant growth Regul,1998,25:35-45.
[45]HOTH S,MORGANTE M,SANCHEZ JP,et al.Genome-wide gene expression profiling in Arabidopsis thaliana reveals new targets of abscisic acid and largely impaired gene regulation in the abi1-1 mutant[J].J Cell Sci,2002,115:4891-900.
[46]SEKI M,ISHIDA J,NARUSAKA M,et al.Monitoring the expression pattern of around 7,000 Arabidopsis genes under ABA treatments using a full length c DNA microarray[J].Funct Integr Genomics,2002,2:282-291.
[47]RABBANI MA,MARUYAMA K,ABE H,et al.Monitoring expression profiles of rice genes under cold,drought,and high-salinity stresses and abscisic acid application using c DNA microarray and RNA gel-blot analyses[J].Plant Physiol,2003,133:1755-1767.
[48]YAZAKI J,KISHIMOTO N,NAGATA Y,et al.Genomics approach to abscisic acid-and gibberellinresponsive genes in rice[J].DNA Res,2003,10:249-261.
[49]BUCHANAN CD,LIM S,SALZMAN RA,et al.Sorghum bicolor's transcriptome response to dehydration,high salinity and ABA[J].Plant Mol Biol,2005,58:699-720.
[50]GUO WL,CHEn RG,GONG ZH,et al.Suppression subtractive hybridization analysis of genes regulated by application of exogenous abscisic acid in pepper plant(Capsicum annuum L.)leaves under chilling stress[J].PLo S One,2013,8:e66667.
[51]HEINO P,SANDMAN G,LANG V,et al.Abscisic acid deficiency prevents development of freezing tolerance in Arabidopsis thaliana[J].Theor Appl Genet,1990,79:801-806.
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[2]DOS REIS GB,MESQUITA AT,TORRES GA,et al.Genomic homeology between Pennisetum purpureum and Pennisetum glaucum(Poaceae)[J].Comp Cytogenet,2014,8:199-209.
[3]MARSHALL E.The Soviet elephant grass theory[J].Science,1982,217:32.
[4]FARRELL G,SIMONS SA,HILLOCKS RJ.Aspects of the biology of Ustilago kamerunensis,a smut pathogen of napier grass(Pennisetum purpureum)[J].Journal of Phytopathology,2001,149:739-744.
[5]KUBOTA F,MATSUDA Y,AGATA W,et al.The relationship between canopy structure and high productivity in napier grass,Pennisetum purpureum Schumack[J].Field Crop Research,1994,38:105-110.
[6]LIN ZX.Elephant grass,in JUNCAO Scienc E[M].Beijing:National School of Administration Press,2013.
[7]WEN XN,JIAN YZ,XIE XM.The comprehensive exploitation and utilization of Pennisetum purpureum[J].Pratacultural Science,2009,26:108-112.
[8]O'YANG YL,LI L,DUAN JN.The analysis and evaluation of the marginal land which is suitable for Napier grass cultivation in China[J].Econ Res Guide,2013,13:256-258.
[9]STREZOV V,EVANS TJ,HAYMAN C.Thermal conversion of elephant grass Pennisetum purpureum Schum)to biogas,bio-oil and charcoal[J].Bioresources Technology,2008,99:8394-8399.
[10]SOMERVILLE C,YOUNGS H,TAYLOR C,et al.Feedstocks for lignocellulosic biofuels[J].Science 2010,329:790-792.
[11]TAKARA D,KHANAL SK.Characterizing compositional changes of Napier grass at different stages of growth for biofuel and biobased products potential[J].Bioresour Technol,2015,188:103-108(2015).
[12]WEN B,YUAN X,LI QX,et al.Comparison and evaluation of concurrent saccharification and anaerobic digestion of Napier grass after pretreatment by three microbial consortia[J].Bioresour Technol,2015,175:102-111.
[13]ZHOU F,DONG ZX,XIE XM.Review on the research and utilization of Pennisetum purpureum cv.Mott in tropical and subtropical areas[J].Grassland and Turf,2007,3:76-82.
[14]MADAKADZE IC,MASAMVU TM,RADIOTIS T,et al.Evaluation of pulp and paper making characteristics of elephant grass(Pennisetum purpureum Schumack)and switchgrass(Panicum virgatum L.)[J].African Journal of Environmental Science and Technology,2010,47:465-470.
[15]SHAHA DC,KUNDU SR AND HASAN MN.Production of organic grass carp(Ctenopharyngodon idella)and GIFT tilapia(Oreochromis niloticus)using napier grass,Pennisetum purpureum[J].Journal of Fisheries,2015,3:233-238.
[16]CHENG Z,MO WY,NIE XP,et al.The use of food waste-based diets and Napier grass to culture grass carp:growth performance and contaminants contained in cultured fish[J].Environ Sci Pollut Res Int,2016,23:7204-7210.
[17]LIU Y,ZHAO C,LIN D,LIN H,et al.Effect of water extract from spent mushroom substrate after Ganoderma balabacense cultivation by using JUNCAO technique on production performance and hematology parameters of dairy cows[J].Anim Sci J,2015,86:855-862.
[18]AYOTAMUNO JM,KOGBARA RB,EGWUENUM PN.Comparison of corn and elephant grass in the phytoremediation of a petroleum-hydrocarboncontaminated agricultural soil in Port Harcourt,Nigeria[J].Journal of Food,Agriculture and Environment,2006,3/4:218-222.
[19]ZHANG X,XIA H,LI Z,et al.Potential of four forage grasses in remediation of Cd and Zn contaminated soils[J].Bioresource Technology,2010,101:2063-2066.
[20]KHAN ZR,MIDEGA CAO,WADHAMS LJ,et al.Evaluation of Napier grass(Pennisetum purpureum)varieties as trap plants for the management of African stemborer(Busseola fusca)in a push-pull strategy[J].Entomologia Experimenatlis et Applicata,2007,124:201-211.
[21]NGUYEN HT,LEIPNER J,STAMP P,et al.Low temperature stress in maize(Zea mays L.)induces genes involved in photosynthesis and signal transduction as studied by suppression subtractive hybridization[J].Plant Physiol Biochem,2009,47:116-122.
[22]LEVITT J.Responses of plants to environmental stress.Volume 1:Chilling,Freezing,and High Temperature Stress[M].New York:New York Academic Press,1980.
[23]XIN Z,ROWSE J.Cold comfort farm:the acclimation of plants to freezing temperatures[J].Plant Cell Environ,2000,23:893-902.
[24]GUSTA LV,TRISCHUK R,WEISER CJ.Plant Cold acclimation:the role of ascisic acid[J].J Plant Growth Regul,2005,24:308-318.
[25]SANGHERA GS,WANI SH,HUSSAIN W,et al.Engineering cold stress tolerance in crop plants[J].Curr Genomics,2011,12:30-43.
[26]HANNAH MA,HEYER AG,HINCHA DK.A global survey of gene regulation during cold acclimation in Arabidopsis thaliana[J].PLo S Genet,2005,1:e26.
[27]CHINNUSAMY V,ZHU J,ZHU JK.Cold stress regulation of gene expression in plants[J].Trends,Plant Sci,2007,12:444-451.
[28]ZHU JH,DONG CH,ZHU JK.Interplay between cold-responsive gene regulation,metabolism and RNA processing during plant cold acclimation[J].Curr Opin Plant Biol,2007,10:290-295.
[29]LISSARRE M,OHTA M,SATO A,et al.Cold-responsive gene regulation during cold acclimation in plants[J].Plant Signal Behav,2010,5:948-952.
[30]BARRERO-GIL J,SALINAS J.Posttranslational regulation of cold acclimation response[J].Plant Sci,2013,205-206:48-54.
[31]CHAWADE A,LINDLF A,OLSSON B,et al.Global expression profiling of low temperature induced genes in the chilling tolerant japonica rice Jumli Marshi[J].PLo S One,2013,8:e81729.
[32]ROYCHOUDHURY A,PAUL S,BASU S.Cross-talk between abscisic aciddependent and abscisic acid-independent pathways during abiotic stress[J].Plant Cell Rep,2013,32:985-1006.
[33]SHI Y,DING Y,YANG S.Cold signal transduction and its interplay with phytohormones during cold acclimation[J].Plant Cell Physiol,2015,56:7-15.
[34]ROYCHOUDHURY A,BASU S.Ascorbate-glutathione and plant tolerance to various abiotic stresses[A].In Oxidative stress in plants causes,consequences and tolerance[C].New Delhi:International Publishing House Pvt Ltd.2012,177-258.
[34]TUTEJA N.Abscisic acid and abiotic stress signaling[J].Plant Signal Behav,2007,2:135-138.
[35]PARDOSSI A,VERNIERI P,TOGNONI F.Involvement of abscisic acid in regulating water status in Phaseolus vulgaris L.during chilling[J].Plant Physiol,1992,100:1243-1250.
[36]ANDERSON MD,PRASAD TK,MARTIN BA,et al.Differential gene expression in chilling-acclimated maize seedlings and evidence for the involvement of abscisic acid in chilling tolerance[J].Plant Physiol,1994,105:331-339.
[37]ZHOU BY,GUO ZF,LIU ZL.Effects of abscisic acid on antioxidant systems of Stylosanthes guianensis(Aublet)Sw.under chilling stress[J].Crop Sci,2005,45:599-605.
[38]GUO WL,CHEN RG,GONG ZH,et al.Exogenous abscisic acid increases antioxidant enzymes and related gene expression in pepper(Capsicum annuum)leaves subjected to chilling stress[J].Genet Mol Res,2012,11:4063-4080.
[39]FLORES-Nimedes AA,DRFFLING,VERGARA BS.Improvement of chilling resistance in rice by application of an abscisic acid analog in combination with the growth retardant tetcyclacis[J].J Plant Growth Regul,1993,12:27-34.
[40]SHINKAWA R,MORISHITA A,AMIKURA K,et al.Abscisic acid induced freezing tolerance in chilling-sensitive suspension cultures and seedlings of rice[J].BMC Research Notes,2013,6:1-14.
[41]RIKIN A,WALDMAN M,RICHMOND AE,et al.Hormonal regulation of morphogenesis andcold resistance:I.Modification by abscisic acid and by gibberellic acid in alfalfa(Medicago sativa)seedlings[J].J Exp Bot,1975,26:175-183.
[42]CHEN THH,GAVINLERTVATANA P,LI PH.Cold acclimation of stem cultural plants and leaf callus of Solanum species[J].Bot Gaz,1979,140:142-147.
[43]LALK I,DRFFING K.Hardening,abscisic acid,proline and freezing resistance in two winter wheat varieties[J].Physiol Plant,1985,63:287-292.
[44]CHURCHILL GC,REANEY MJT,ABRAMS SR,et al.Effects of abscisic acid and abscisic acid analogs on the induction of freezing tolerance of winter rye(Secale cereale L)[J].Plant growth Regul,1998,25:35-45.
[45]HOTH S,MORGANTE M,SANCHEZ JP,et al.Genome-wide gene expression profiling in Arabidopsis thaliana reveals new targets of abscisic acid and largely impaired gene regulation in the abi1-1 mutant[J].J Cell Sci,2002,115:4891-900.
[46]SEKI M,ISHIDA J,NARUSAKA M,et al.Monitoring the expression pattern of around 7,000 Arabidopsis genes under ABA treatments using a full length c DNA microarray[J].Funct Integr Genomics,2002,2:282-291.
[47]RABBANI MA,MARUYAMA K,ABE H,et al.Monitoring expression profiles of rice genes under cold,drought,and high-salinity stresses and abscisic acid application using c DNA microarray and RNA gel-blot analyses[J].Plant Physiol,2003,133:1755-1767.
[48]YAZAKI J,KISHIMOTO N,NAGATA Y,et al.Genomics approach to abscisic acid-and gibberellinresponsive genes in rice[J].DNA Res,2003,10:249-261.
[49]BUCHANAN CD,LIM S,SALZMAN RA,et al.Sorghum bicolor's transcriptome response to dehydration,high salinity and ABA[J].Plant Mol Biol,2005,58:699-720.
[50]GUO WL,CHEn RG,GONG ZH,et al.Suppression subtractive hybridization analysis of genes regulated by application of exogenous abscisic acid in pepper plant(Capsicum annuum L.)leaves under chilling stress[J].PLo S One,2013,8:e66667.
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