昌乐方山新生代玄武岩中深源捕虏岩与熔体的相互作用
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摘要
昌乐方山新生代玄武岩中携带有大量深源捕虏岩,其岩石类型以二辉辉石岩、二辉橄榄岩为主,方辉橄榄岩、单斜辉石岩、单辉橄榄岩少见,未见纯橄岩。二辉辉石岩、二辉橄榄岩、方辉橄榄岩的矿物岩石、地球化学特征和平衡温度压力计算显示为地幔来源,采用地质温度压力计进行计算,获取三者都源于岩石圈地幔,形成的深度范围为41~66.7 km。根据单辉橄榄岩和单斜辉石岩的矿物化学分析,单斜辉石岩和单辉橄榄岩形成深度要低于前三者,且与前三者有密切成因联系。"熔体—岩石"反应在各类深源捕虏岩中广泛存在,除方辉橄榄岩样品不存在明显的"熔体—岩石"反应外,二辉辉石岩、单斜辉石岩、二辉橄榄岩中不同的矿物边缘与玄武质熔体接触部位有着不同类型的反应边和反应矿物出现:橄榄石边部发生(Mg,Fe)_2SiO_4(镁橄榄石)+熔体(原始岩浆)=(Mg,Fe)_2SiO_4(贵橄榄石)+熔体(演化岩浆)反应,使得边部富铁贫镁;单斜辉石与玄武质熔体反应,多具有粉红色反应边,具有富Ti、Al、Fe,贫Si、Mg,较玄武岩基质中单斜辉石斑晶更低Mg~#的特征。斜方辉石与玄武质熔体反应生成复杂的反应带,存在斜方辉石+熔体=橄榄石+SiO_2(熔体)+单斜辉石的反应,反应带内新生成的矿物由内向外具有明显趋向玄武质熔体成分的变化;尖晶石与玄武质熔体反应边缘具有富Fe、Ti,贫Mg、Al,以及更高的Cr~#,趋向于形成钛铁矿的变化特征。二辉橄榄岩中熔体囊和单辉橄榄岩中筛状单斜辉石以及粉红色的反应边都暗示了二者至少经历了两个期次的熔体作用。随着岩石圈地幔的演化,熔体的再富集作用使得难熔的方辉橄榄岩逐渐转变为相对富集的二辉橄榄岩,后期二辉橄榄岩又与玄武质熔体反应,生成更加富集的单辉橄榄岩,而方山方辉橄榄岩也受到了熔体的轻度改造,已不具有难熔古老岩石圈地幔岩石的显著特征,鲁西新生代玄武岩中深源捕虏体与熔体的反应广泛存在,熔体成分以玄武质为主,这可能是华北克拉通岩石圈置换的重要方式之一,导致古老岩石圈地幔的消失。
There are abundant of deep-seated xenoliths included in the Cenozonic basalt at Fangshan,Changle,Shandong Province.They are dominated by spinel lherzolite and pyroxenite with rare harzburgite,clinopyroxenite and wehrlite.According to the petrography,mineral chemistry and equilibration temperatures and pressures estimates of harzburgite,lherzolite and pyroxenite xenoliths,all of these three type xenoliths are derivered from lithospheric mantle,reaching the depth-41~66.7 km.Clinopyroxenite and wehrlite xenoliths develop at depths much shallower,and have close genetic relationship with those three mantle xenoliths. "Meltrock" interaction widely exists in almost all xeoliths,as well as in the xenocrysts of the Cenozonic basalts.Various reaction rims and new-formed crystals have been found in the interaction belt between basalt/basaltic melts and different minerals in pyroxenite,wehrlite and lherzolite in addition to harzburgite xenoliths:The chemical reaction formula(Mg,Fe)_2SiO_4(forsterite) + melts(primary magma) =(Mg,Fe)_2SiO_4(chrysolite) + melts(evolved magma) can be used to explain the course of the olivine rim poor in Mg and enriched in Fe;The pink reaction margin interacted between clinopyroxene and basaltic magma,with high content of Ti,Al and Fe,low content of Si,Mg,whose Mg are lower than phenocryst in basalt;As the formula orthopyroxene + melts = olivine + SiO_2(melts) + clinopyroxene exists in the complicated three reaction belts,the chemical component of new generated mineral particles(olivine and clinopyroxene) have a tendency towards the component of basaltic magma;The reaction rims of spinel interacted with basaltic magma are also rich sources of Fe and Ti,lack of Mg and Al,much high Cr~#,have a tendency towards forming ilmenite.Both of the "melt pocket" exist in Iherzolite and pink reaction rims appear in sieve-texture clinopyroxene of wehrlite suggest that the two types of xenoliths have experienced at least two periods of the "melt—rock" reaction.Along with the evolution of the lithospheric mantle,refractory harzburgite can be modified into relatively fertile lherzolite due to the melts refertilization,and basaltic melts would interact with lherzolite afterwards,generated into further enriched wehrlite,while Fangshan harzburgite have endured low-grade " melt—rock" interaction,don ' t possess the distinguishing characteristics of thick,cold and refractory Archean lithospheric mantle.The reaction between deep-seated xenoliths and melts is extensively happened,which is one significant replacement mode of North China Craton,leading to the disappearing of Ancient lithospheric mantle.The component of melts is mainly basaltic.
There are abundant of deep-seated xenoliths included in the Cenozonic basalt at Fangshan,Changle,Shandong Province.They are dominated by spinel lherzolite and pyroxenite with rare harzburgite,clinopyroxenite and wehrlite.According to the petrography,mineral chemistry and equilibration temperatures and pressures estimates of harzburgite,lherzolite and pyroxenite xenoliths,all of these three type xenoliths are derivered from lithospheric mantle,reaching the depth-41~66.7 km.Clinopyroxenite and wehrlite xenoliths develop at depths much shallower,and have close genetic relationship with those three mantle xenoliths. "Meltrock" interaction widely exists in almost all xeoliths,as well as in the xenocrysts of the Cenozonic basalts.Various reaction rims and new-formed crystals have been found in the interaction belt between basalt/basaltic melts and different minerals in pyroxenite,wehrlite and lherzolite in addition to harzburgite xenoliths:The chemical reaction formula(Mg,Fe)_2SiO_4(forsterite) + melts(primary magma) =(Mg,Fe)_2SiO_4(chrysolite) + melts(evolved magma) can be used to explain the course of the olivine rim poor in Mg and enriched in Fe;The pink reaction margin interacted between clinopyroxene and basaltic magma,with high content of Ti,Al and Fe,low content of Si,Mg,whose Mg are lower than phenocryst in basalt;As the formula orthopyroxene + melts = olivine + SiO_2(melts) + clinopyroxene exists in the complicated three reaction belts,the chemical component of new generated mineral particles(olivine and clinopyroxene) have a tendency towards the component of basaltic magma;The reaction rims of spinel interacted with basaltic magma are also rich sources of Fe and Ti,lack of Mg and Al,much high Cr~#,have a tendency towards forming ilmenite.Both of the "melt pocket" exist in Iherzolite and pink reaction rims appear in sieve-texture clinopyroxene of wehrlite suggest that the two types of xenoliths have experienced at least two periods of the "melt—rock" reaction.Along with the evolution of the lithospheric mantle,refractory harzburgite can be modified into relatively fertile lherzolite due to the melts refertilization,and basaltic melts would interact with lherzolite afterwards,generated into further enriched wehrlite,while Fangshan harzburgite have endured low-grade " melt—rock" interaction,don ' t possess the distinguishing characteristics of thick,cold and refractory Archean lithospheric mantle.The reaction between deep-seated xenoliths and melts is extensively happened,which is one significant replacement mode of North China Craton,leading to the disappearing of Ancient lithospheric mantle.The component of melts is mainly basaltic.
引文
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