精神型领导对员工工作偏离行为的影响
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摘要
以217位员工为调研对象,探究精神型领导对员工工作偏离行为的影响机制,结果显示精神型领导对员工工作偏离行为产生负向影响;员工心理韧性在两者之间起完全中介作用;员工集体主义价值观在两者间起到正向调节作用,即员工集体主义价值观越高,精神型领导对员工工作偏离行为的负向作用越强。研究表明,考虑心理韧性和集体主义价值观两个重要因素,可以更好地解释精神型领导对员工工作偏离行为的影响机制,研究结论对增强精神型领导的有效性以及减少员工工作偏离行为提供理论指导。
Based on the questionnaires of 217 employees, this paper explores the influence of spiritual leadership on employee workplace deviance. The results show that spiritual leadership has a negative influence on employee workplace deviance; employee psychological resilience plays a fully mediating role in the negative relationship; employee collectivism positively moderates the negative relationship in such a way that the relationship is stronger for individuals with higher collectivism than with lower collectivism.This study suggests that the two important factors of psychological resilience and collectivism can better explain the influence of spiritual leadership on employee workplace deviance.This study also provides critical enlightenment for enhancing effectiveness of spiritual leadership and reducing employee workplace deviance.
Based on the questionnaires of 217 employees, this paper explores the influence of spiritual leadership on employee workplace deviance. The results show that spiritual leadership has a negative influence on employee workplace deviance; employee psychological resilience plays a fully mediating role in the negative relationship; employee collectivism positively moderates the negative relationship in such a way that the relationship is stronger for individuals with higher collectivism than with lower collectivism.This study suggests that the two important factors of psychological resilience and collectivism can better explain the influence of spiritual leadership on employee workplace deviance.This study also provides critical enlightenment for enhancing effectiveness of spiritual leadership and reducing employee workplace deviance.
引文
[1]余璇,陈维政.整体公平感对员工工作偏离行为的影响研究——一个有调节的中介模型[J].软科学,2016(12):63-66.
[2]MO S,SHI J.Linking ethical leadership to employee bumout, workplace deviance and performance:testing the mediating roles of trust in leader and surface acting[J].Journal of Business Ethics,2017,144(2):293-303.
[3] PANACCIO A, HENDERSON D J,LIDEN R C, et al.Toward an understanding of when and why servant leadership accounts for employee extrarole behaviors[J].Journal of Business and Psychology,2015,30(4):657-675.
[4]FRITZ J H,O'NEIL N B,POPP A M,et al.The influence of supervisory behavioral integrity on intent to comply with organizational ethical standards and organizational commitment[J].Journal of Business Ethics,2013,114(2):251-263.
[5]邓志华.精神型领导影响员工创造力的跨层次效应研究[J].科技进步与对策,2016(5):144-148.
[6]CROSSMAN J.Environmental and spiritual leadership:tracing the synergies from an organizational perspective[J].Journal of Business Ethics,2011,103(4):553-565.
[7]BENEFIEL M,FRY L W,GEIGLE D. Spirituality and religion in the workplace:history, theory, and research[J]. Psychology of Religion and Spirituality,2014,6(3):175-187.
[8] CHEN C Y, YANG C F.The impact of spiritual leadership on organizational citizenship behavior:a multi-sample analysis[J].Journal of Business Ethics,2012,105(1):107-114.
[9] HALL M E L,OATES K L M, ANDERSON T L,et al.Calling and conflict:the sanctification of work in working mothers[J].Psychology of Religion&Spirituality,2012,4(1);71-83.
[10]张军成,凌文辁.国外精神型领导研究述评[J].外国经济与管理,2011(8):33-40.
[11]FAIRHOLM M R,GRONAU T W.Spiritual leadership in the work of public adminiatrators[J].Journal of Management,Spirituality&Religion,2015,12(4):1-20.
[12]邓志华.精神型领导对员工工作投人的影响[J].经济管理,2016(4):181-189.
[13]CHEN C Y,LI C I. Assessing the spiritual leadership effectiveness:the contribution of follower's self-concept and preliminary tests for moderation of culture and managerial position[J].The Leadership Quarterly,2013,24(1):240-255.
[14]FRY L W,SLOCUM JR J W.Maximizing the triple bottom line through spiritual leadership[J].Organizational Dynamics,2008,37(1):86-96.
[15] AFSAR B,BADIR Y, KIANI U S.Linking spiritual leadership and employee pro-environmental behavior:the influence of workplace spirituality,intrinsic motivation, and environmental passion[J]. Journal of Environmental Psychology,2016,45:79-88.
[16]王明辉,李婕,王峥峥,等.精神型领导对员工情感承诺的影响:主观支持感的调节效应[J].心理与行为研究,2015(3):375-379.
[17]盛宇华,蒋舒阳,杜鹏程.精神型领导与员工创新行为——基于团队间跨层次的被调节中介模型[J].软科学,2017(3):77-82.
[18]杨付,刘军,张丽华.精神型领导、战略共识与员工职业发展:战略柔性的调节作用[J].管理世界,2014(10):100-113,171,187-188.
[19]杨振芳,陈庆文,朱瑜,等.精神型领导是员工主动性行为的驱动因素吗?——一个多重中介效应棋型的检验[J].管理评论,2016(11):191-202.
[20] AYDIN B,CEYLAN A.The effect of spiritual leadership on organizational learning capacity[J].African Journal of Business Management,2009,3(5):184-190.
[21] MADISON K,KELLERMANNS F W.Is the spiritual bond bound by blood? an exploratory study of spiritual leadership in family firms[J].Journal of Management,Spirituality&Religion,2013,10(2):159-182.
[22]CHRISTIAN M S,ELLIS A P J.Examining the effects of sleep deprivation on workplace deviance:a self-regulatory perspective[J].Academy of Management Journal,2011,54(5):913-934.
[23] FRY L W, LATHAM J R,CLINEBELL S K,et al.Spiritual leadership as a model for performance excellence:a study of baldrige award recipients[J].Journal of Management, Spirituality&Religion,2017,14(1):22-47.
[24]CARTON A M,MURPHY C,CLARK J R.A(blurry)vision of the future:how leader rhetoric about ultimate goals influences performance[J].Academy of Management Journal,2014,57(6):1544-1570.
[25] PAWAR B S.Leadership spiritual behaviors toward subordinates:an empirical examination of the effects of a leader's individual spirituality and organizational spirituality[J].Journal of Business Ethics,2014,122(3):439-452.
[26]GEIGLE D.Workplace spirituality empirical research:a literature review[J].Business and Management Review,2012,2(10):14-27.
[27]GOTSIS G,GRIMANI K.The role of spiritual leadership in fostering inclusive workplaces[J].Personnel Review,2017,46(5):908-935.
[28]FRY L W.Toward a theory of spiritual leadership[J].The Leadership Quarterly,2003,14(6):693-727.
[29] RASOULI N,MONTAZERI M,NEKOUEI M H, et al. Investigating the relationship between spiritual leadership and employees psychological empowerment in khozestan utility[J].International Business Management,2013,7(2):55-64.
[30]MAHARANA P,SRINIVASAN T M,NAGENDRA H R. Spiritual leadership:a new insight for the corporate world[J]. International Journal of Science and Research,2014,3(7):992-1001.
[31]席居哲,左志宏.心理韧性研究诸进路[J].心理科学进展,2012(9):1426-1447.
[32]黄海艳,苏德金,李卫东.失败学习对个体创新行为的影响——心理弹性与创新支持感的调节效应[J].科学学与科学技术管理,2016(5):161-169.
[33] SWEENEY P J,FRY L W. Character development through spiritual leadership[J]. Consulting Psychology Journal:Practice and Research,2012,64(2):89-107.
[34]JAMALUDIN Z,RAHMAN N,MAKHBUL Z K M,et al.Do transactional,transformational and spiritual leadership styles distinct? A conceptual insight[J]. Journal of Global Business and Economics, 2011,2(1):73-85.
[35]FRY L W,HANNAH S T,NOEL M,et al.Retracted:impact of spiritual leadership on unit performance[J].The Leadership Quarterly,2011,22(2):259-270.
[36] MATTA F K, EROL-KORKMAZ H T, JOHNSON R E, et al. Significant work events and counter-productive work behavior:the role of fairness,emotions,and emotion regulation[J].Journal of Organizational Behavior,2014,35(7):920-944.
[37] AVEY J B,REICHARD R J,LUTHANS F,et al.Meta-analysis of the impact of positive psychological capital on employee attitudes, behaviors,and performance[J]. Human Resource Development Quarterly,2011,22(2):127-152.
[38] ABBAS M,RAJA U.Impact of psychological capital on innovative performance and job stress[J].Canadian Journal of Administrative Sciences,2015,32(2):128-138.
[39] WANG J, COOKE F L,HUANG W.How resilient is the(future)workforce in China? a study of the banking sector and implications for human resource development[J].Asia Pacific Journal of Human Resources,2014,52(2):132-154.
[40]HOFMAN P S,NEWMAN A.The impact of perceived corporate social responsibility on organizational commitment and the moderating role of collectivism and masculinity:evidence from China[J].The International Journal of Human Resource Management,2014,25(5):631-652.
[41]COMBS G M,MILOSEVIC I,JEUNG W,et al.Ethnic identity and job attribute preferences:the role of collectivism and psychological capital[J].Journal of Leadership&Organizational Studies,2012,19(1):5-16.
[42] WILLIAMSON I O,BURNETT M F,BARTOL K M.The interactive effect of collectivism and organizational rewards on affective organizational commitment[J]. Cross Cultural Management:An International Journal,2009,16(1):28-43.
[43]RAMAMOORTHY N,FLOOD P C,KULKARNI S P,et al.Individualism-collectivism and tenure intent among knowledge workers in India and Bulgaria:moderating effects of equity perceptions and task interdependence[J].The Journal of High Technology Management Research,2014,25(2):201-209.
[44]KRISHNAKUMAR S, HOUGHTON J D,NECK C P,et al.The “good"and the “bad"of spiritual leadership[J]. Journal of Management, Spirituality&Religion,2015,12(1):17-37.
[45]LOVE M S,DUSTIN S L.An investigation of coworker relationships and psychological collectivism on employee propensity to take charge[J].The International Journal of Human Resource Management,2014,25(9):1208-1226.
[46] FRY L W, VITUCCI S,CEDILLO M. Spiritual leadership and army transformation:theory,measurement, and establishing a baseline[J]. The Leadership Quarterly,2005,16(5):835-862.
[47] THAU S,AQUINO K,WITTEK R.An extension of uncertainty management theory to the self:the relationship between justice,social comparison orientation,and antisocial work behaviorn[J].Journal of Applied Psychology,2007,92(1):250-258.
[48]LUTHANS F,AVOLIO B J,AVEY J B,et al.Positive psychological capital:measurement and relationship with performance and satisfaction[J].Personnel psychology,2007,60(3):541-572
[49]OYSERMAN D.The lens of personhood:viewing the self and others in a multicultural society[J].Journal of Personality and Social Psychology,1993,65(5):993-1009.
[50]邓志华,陈维政.服务型领导对员工工作行为的影响——以工作满意感为中介变量[J].科学学与科学技术管理,2012(11):172-180.
[51]王永丽,张玉玲,张智宇,等.破坏性领导行为对组织承诺的不同作用效果分析——员工文化价值观的调节作用[J].管理评论,2013(11):95-105.
[52]黄丽,陈维政.两种人际取向对下属工作绩效的影响——以领导-成员交换质量为中介变量[J].管理评论,2013(5):178-187
[53] O'NEILL T A,LEWIS R J,CARSWELL J J.Employee personality,Justice perceptions, and the prediction of workplace deviance[J]. Personality and Individual Differences,2011,51(5):595-600.
[2]MO S,SHI J.Linking ethical leadership to employee bumout, workplace deviance and performance:testing the mediating roles of trust in leader and surface acting[J].Journal of Business Ethics,2017,144(2):293-303.
[3] PANACCIO A, HENDERSON D J,LIDEN R C, et al.Toward an understanding of when and why servant leadership accounts for employee extrarole behaviors[J].Journal of Business and Psychology,2015,30(4):657-675.
[4]FRITZ J H,O'NEIL N B,POPP A M,et al.The influence of supervisory behavioral integrity on intent to comply with organizational ethical standards and organizational commitment[J].Journal of Business Ethics,2013,114(2):251-263.
[5]邓志华.精神型领导影响员工创造力的跨层次效应研究[J].科技进步与对策,2016(5):144-148.
[6]CROSSMAN J.Environmental and spiritual leadership:tracing the synergies from an organizational perspective[J].Journal of Business Ethics,2011,103(4):553-565.
[7]BENEFIEL M,FRY L W,GEIGLE D. Spirituality and religion in the workplace:history, theory, and research[J]. Psychology of Religion and Spirituality,2014,6(3):175-187.
[8] CHEN C Y, YANG C F.The impact of spiritual leadership on organizational citizenship behavior:a multi-sample analysis[J].Journal of Business Ethics,2012,105(1):107-114.
[9] HALL M E L,OATES K L M, ANDERSON T L,et al.Calling and conflict:the sanctification of work in working mothers[J].Psychology of Religion&Spirituality,2012,4(1);71-83.
[10]张军成,凌文辁.国外精神型领导研究述评[J].外国经济与管理,2011(8):33-40.
[11]FAIRHOLM M R,GRONAU T W.Spiritual leadership in the work of public adminiatrators[J].Journal of Management,Spirituality&Religion,2015,12(4):1-20.
[12]邓志华.精神型领导对员工工作投人的影响[J].经济管理,2016(4):181-189.
[13]CHEN C Y,LI C I. Assessing the spiritual leadership effectiveness:the contribution of follower's self-concept and preliminary tests for moderation of culture and managerial position[J].The Leadership Quarterly,2013,24(1):240-255.
[14]FRY L W,SLOCUM JR J W.Maximizing the triple bottom line through spiritual leadership[J].Organizational Dynamics,2008,37(1):86-96.
[15] AFSAR B,BADIR Y, KIANI U S.Linking spiritual leadership and employee pro-environmental behavior:the influence of workplace spirituality,intrinsic motivation, and environmental passion[J]. Journal of Environmental Psychology,2016,45:79-88.
[16]王明辉,李婕,王峥峥,等.精神型领导对员工情感承诺的影响:主观支持感的调节效应[J].心理与行为研究,2015(3):375-379.
[17]盛宇华,蒋舒阳,杜鹏程.精神型领导与员工创新行为——基于团队间跨层次的被调节中介模型[J].软科学,2017(3):77-82.
[18]杨付,刘军,张丽华.精神型领导、战略共识与员工职业发展:战略柔性的调节作用[J].管理世界,2014(10):100-113,171,187-188.
[19]杨振芳,陈庆文,朱瑜,等.精神型领导是员工主动性行为的驱动因素吗?——一个多重中介效应棋型的检验[J].管理评论,2016(11):191-202.
[20] AYDIN B,CEYLAN A.The effect of spiritual leadership on organizational learning capacity[J].African Journal of Business Management,2009,3(5):184-190.
[21] MADISON K,KELLERMANNS F W.Is the spiritual bond bound by blood? an exploratory study of spiritual leadership in family firms[J].Journal of Management,Spirituality&Religion,2013,10(2):159-182.
[22]CHRISTIAN M S,ELLIS A P J.Examining the effects of sleep deprivation on workplace deviance:a self-regulatory perspective[J].Academy of Management Journal,2011,54(5):913-934.
[23] FRY L W, LATHAM J R,CLINEBELL S K,et al.Spiritual leadership as a model for performance excellence:a study of baldrige award recipients[J].Journal of Management, Spirituality&Religion,2017,14(1):22-47.
[24]CARTON A M,MURPHY C,CLARK J R.A(blurry)vision of the future:how leader rhetoric about ultimate goals influences performance[J].Academy of Management Journal,2014,57(6):1544-1570.
[25] PAWAR B S.Leadership spiritual behaviors toward subordinates:an empirical examination of the effects of a leader's individual spirituality and organizational spirituality[J].Journal of Business Ethics,2014,122(3):439-452.
[26]GEIGLE D.Workplace spirituality empirical research:a literature review[J].Business and Management Review,2012,2(10):14-27.
[27]GOTSIS G,GRIMANI K.The role of spiritual leadership in fostering inclusive workplaces[J].Personnel Review,2017,46(5):908-935.
[28]FRY L W.Toward a theory of spiritual leadership[J].The Leadership Quarterly,2003,14(6):693-727.
[29] RASOULI N,MONTAZERI M,NEKOUEI M H, et al. Investigating the relationship between spiritual leadership and employees psychological empowerment in khozestan utility[J].International Business Management,2013,7(2):55-64.
[30]MAHARANA P,SRINIVASAN T M,NAGENDRA H R. Spiritual leadership:a new insight for the corporate world[J]. International Journal of Science and Research,2014,3(7):992-1001.
[31]席居哲,左志宏.心理韧性研究诸进路[J].心理科学进展,2012(9):1426-1447.
[32]黄海艳,苏德金,李卫东.失败学习对个体创新行为的影响——心理弹性与创新支持感的调节效应[J].科学学与科学技术管理,2016(5):161-169.
[33] SWEENEY P J,FRY L W. Character development through spiritual leadership[J]. Consulting Psychology Journal:Practice and Research,2012,64(2):89-107.
[34]JAMALUDIN Z,RAHMAN N,MAKHBUL Z K M,et al.Do transactional,transformational and spiritual leadership styles distinct? A conceptual insight[J]. Journal of Global Business and Economics, 2011,2(1):73-85.
[35]FRY L W,HANNAH S T,NOEL M,et al.Retracted:impact of spiritual leadership on unit performance[J].The Leadership Quarterly,2011,22(2):259-270.
[36] MATTA F K, EROL-KORKMAZ H T, JOHNSON R E, et al. Significant work events and counter-productive work behavior:the role of fairness,emotions,and emotion regulation[J].Journal of Organizational Behavior,2014,35(7):920-944.
[37] AVEY J B,REICHARD R J,LUTHANS F,et al.Meta-analysis of the impact of positive psychological capital on employee attitudes, behaviors,and performance[J]. Human Resource Development Quarterly,2011,22(2):127-152.
[38] ABBAS M,RAJA U.Impact of psychological capital on innovative performance and job stress[J].Canadian Journal of Administrative Sciences,2015,32(2):128-138.
[39] WANG J, COOKE F L,HUANG W.How resilient is the(future)workforce in China? a study of the banking sector and implications for human resource development[J].Asia Pacific Journal of Human Resources,2014,52(2):132-154.
[40]HOFMAN P S,NEWMAN A.The impact of perceived corporate social responsibility on organizational commitment and the moderating role of collectivism and masculinity:evidence from China[J].The International Journal of Human Resource Management,2014,25(5):631-652.
[41]COMBS G M,MILOSEVIC I,JEUNG W,et al.Ethnic identity and job attribute preferences:the role of collectivism and psychological capital[J].Journal of Leadership&Organizational Studies,2012,19(1):5-16.
[42] WILLIAMSON I O,BURNETT M F,BARTOL K M.The interactive effect of collectivism and organizational rewards on affective organizational commitment[J]. Cross Cultural Management:An International Journal,2009,16(1):28-43.
[43]RAMAMOORTHY N,FLOOD P C,KULKARNI S P,et al.Individualism-collectivism and tenure intent among knowledge workers in India and Bulgaria:moderating effects of equity perceptions and task interdependence[J].The Journal of High Technology Management Research,2014,25(2):201-209.
[44]KRISHNAKUMAR S, HOUGHTON J D,NECK C P,et al.The “good"and the “bad"of spiritual leadership[J]. Journal of Management, Spirituality&Religion,2015,12(1):17-37.
[45]LOVE M S,DUSTIN S L.An investigation of coworker relationships and psychological collectivism on employee propensity to take charge[J].The International Journal of Human Resource Management,2014,25(9):1208-1226.
[46] FRY L W, VITUCCI S,CEDILLO M. Spiritual leadership and army transformation:theory,measurement, and establishing a baseline[J]. The Leadership Quarterly,2005,16(5):835-862.
[47] THAU S,AQUINO K,WITTEK R.An extension of uncertainty management theory to the self:the relationship between justice,social comparison orientation,and antisocial work behaviorn[J].Journal of Applied Psychology,2007,92(1):250-258.
[48]LUTHANS F,AVOLIO B J,AVEY J B,et al.Positive psychological capital:measurement and relationship with performance and satisfaction[J].Personnel psychology,2007,60(3):541-572
[49]OYSERMAN D.The lens of personhood:viewing the self and others in a multicultural society[J].Journal of Personality and Social Psychology,1993,65(5):993-1009.
[50]邓志华,陈维政.服务型领导对员工工作行为的影响——以工作满意感为中介变量[J].科学学与科学技术管理,2012(11):172-180.
[51]王永丽,张玉玲,张智宇,等.破坏性领导行为对组织承诺的不同作用效果分析——员工文化价值观的调节作用[J].管理评论,2013(11):95-105.
[52]黄丽,陈维政.两种人际取向对下属工作绩效的影响——以领导-成员交换质量为中介变量[J].管理评论,2013(5):178-187
[53] O'NEILL T A,LEWIS R J,CARSWELL J J.Employee personality,Justice perceptions, and the prediction of workplace deviance[J]. Personality and Individual Differences,2011,51(5):595-600.