对我国优秀男子公开水域游泳运动员安家葆个性化体能诊断与训练的实证研究
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摘要
从公开水域游泳项目专项特征与功能性体能训练的角度出发,完善我国优秀公开水域游泳运动员安家葆的个性化体能诊断与训练过程。经过功能性动作筛查、Y—平衡测试,以及专项体能素质和竞技成绩等方面的测试,发现安家葆个人力量较差,两侧上肢灵活性存在较大差异,左下肢后群肌肉柔韧性和绝对力量不足,左侧髋关节和左侧肩关节的稳定性急需加强。根据诊断结果、运动员自身特征和比赛时间安排,为其在2017年全运会前设计了16周的个性化体能训练计划,在训练结束后2周对安家葆重新进行了各项体能评估,结果发现安家葆的双侧上肢活动度得到明显改善,其他弱链环节得到修正,同时专项耐力、绝对力量、动作速度及肢体柔韧性均显著提高。安家葆在本研究结束后参加的第13届全运会公开水域游泳比赛中,获得亚军,并创造了个人最好成绩,专项运动能力获得较大幅度提高。
From the perspective of event characteristics of the open water swimming and functional fitness training,this study is to improve the personalized physical fitness diagnosis and training process of China's outstanding open water swimmer An Jiabao.After functional movement screening,Y-balance testing,and specific event physical fitness and athletic performance tests,it is found that the personal strength of An Jiabao is poor,there is a big difference in the flexibility of both upper limbs,and the muscle flexibility and absolute strength of the posterior group in left lower limb are insufficient,the stability of the left hip joint and left shoulder joint need to be strengthened.Based on the results of the diagnosis,the characteristics of the athletes themselves and the timing of the competition,a 16-week personalized fitness training program is designed for the 2017 National Games.Two weeks later after the experiment,the physical fitness assessment is re-evaluated on the An Jiabao.It is found that the activity extent of upper limbs of An Jiabao is significantly improved,and other weak links are corrected.At the same time,special endurance,absolute strength,movement speed,and limb flexibility are significantly improved.In the open water swimming competition held at the 13 th National Games,An Jiabao won the second place and created his personal best,and his specific sports ability was improved greatly.
From the perspective of event characteristics of the open water swimming and functional fitness training,this study is to improve the personalized physical fitness diagnosis and training process of China's outstanding open water swimmer An Jiabao.After functional movement screening,Y-balance testing,and specific event physical fitness and athletic performance tests,it is found that the personal strength of An Jiabao is poor,there is a big difference in the flexibility of both upper limbs,and the muscle flexibility and absolute strength of the posterior group in left lower limb are insufficient,the stability of the left hip joint and left shoulder joint need to be strengthened.Based on the results of the diagnosis,the characteristics of the athletes themselves and the timing of the competition,a 16-week personalized fitness training program is designed for the 2017 National Games.Two weeks later after the experiment,the physical fitness assessment is re-evaluated on the An Jiabao.It is found that the activity extent of upper limbs of An Jiabao is significantly improved,and other weak links are corrected.At the same time,special endurance,absolute strength,movement speed,and limb flexibility are significantly improved.In the open water swimming competition held at the 13 th National Games,An Jiabao won the second place and created his personal best,and his specific sports ability was improved greatly.
引文
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[4]林丽雅.优秀短距离游泳运动员史润强专项训练监控的研究[J].中国体育科技,2015,48(1):67.
[5]BOYLE M.Advace in Function Training[J].Journal of Sports Sciences,2012,48(1):67.
[6]范年春.游泳水槽自由泳动作技术及其肌电实验研究[D].上海:上海体育学院,2011.
[7]张洁.中外优秀男子1500m自由泳运动员各50m分段时间的研究[J].西安体育学院学报,2010,27(5):612.
[8]何建龙.对中国优秀男子自由泳运动员杨金潼个性化体能诊断与训练的实证研究[J].四川体育科学,2017,36(4):70.