哈萨克斯坦KKM油田钻具强稳降振提速技术研究
|
摘要
KKM油田下部砂泥岩互层非均质性强导致井下钻具振动剧烈、PDC切削齿寿命低,且井眼易偏斜。目前在用PDC钻头多采用5刀翼或6刀翼16 mm切削齿以降低井下振动保证PDC钻头寿命,但降低了钻头攻击性导致机械钻速较低。针对KKM油田下部地层特点,优选了4刀翼19 mm复合片PDC钻头。该钻头具有较高的破岩效率和攻击性,可大幅度提高机械钻速;同时通过底部钻具组合动力学分析,优化形成了双稳定器+单稳单弯(0.5°)钻具组合,3个稳定器串联具有较强的稳定降振作用,配合小弯角螺杆钻进可有效提高防斜能力,降低了井下振动,配合大尺寸聚晶金刚石复合片PDC钻头实现了三开井段一趟钻完成的目标,机械钻速提高115.35%。
The heterogeneity of the sand-shale interbeds in the lower part of the oilfield produced strong vibration of the downhole drilling string, leading to short life of PDC cutting teeth and easy hole deviation. At present, PDC drill bits are designed with 5 blades or 6 blades with 16 mm cutting teeth to reduce the downhole tool vibration to ensure the life of the PDC bit, but the drill bit aggression is reduced and the mechanical drilling speed is lower. Based on the characteristics of lower formation in KKM Oilfield, a 4-blade 19 mm composite PDC bit was selected. The drill bit provided high rock breaking efficiency and aggression capacity, which can greatly increase ROP. At the same time, through the bottom hole assembly dynamic analysis, the bisector + single stable single bending(0.5°) drilling tool combination was optimized. The application of three stabilizers can achieve strong vibration reduction effect, which can effectively improve the anti-deviation ability and reduce the downhole vibration with the small-angle downhole motor tool, and also with large-size PDC bit, the goal of drilling the lower section in one run was achieved. The ROP was increased by 115.35%.
The heterogeneity of the sand-shale interbeds in the lower part of the oilfield produced strong vibration of the downhole drilling string, leading to short life of PDC cutting teeth and easy hole deviation. At present, PDC drill bits are designed with 5 blades or 6 blades with 16 mm cutting teeth to reduce the downhole tool vibration to ensure the life of the PDC bit, but the drill bit aggression is reduced and the mechanical drilling speed is lower. Based on the characteristics of lower formation in KKM Oilfield, a 4-blade 19 mm composite PDC bit was selected. The drill bit provided high rock breaking efficiency and aggression capacity, which can greatly increase ROP. At the same time, through the bottom hole assembly dynamic analysis, the bisector + single stable single bending(0.5°) drilling tool combination was optimized. The application of three stabilizers can achieve strong vibration reduction effect, which can effectively improve the anti-deviation ability and reduce the downhole vibration with the small-angle downhole motor tool, and also with large-size PDC bit, the goal of drilling the lower section in one run was achieved. The ROP was increased by 115.35%.
引文
[1] 王大勋,刘洪,韩松,等.深部岩石力学与深井钻井技术研究[J].钻采工艺,2006,29(3):6-10.WANG Daxun,LIU Hong,HAN Song,et al.Deep rock mechanics and deep or ultra-deep well drilling technology[J].Drilling & Production Technology,2006,29(3):6-10.
[2] 徐小荷,俞静,等.岩石破碎原理[M].北京:煤矿工业出版社,1984:17-22.XU Xiaohe,YU Jing,et al.Principle of rock fragmentation[M].Beijing:China Coal Industry Publishing Press,1984:17-22.
[3] 熊虎林,李谦.基于地层成分和钻进参数的钻速预测模型[J].探矿工程(岩土钻掘工程),2018,45(10):195-201.XIONG Hulin,LI Qian.ROP prediction model based on formation composition and drilling parameters[J].Exploration Engineering (Rock & soil Drilling and Tunneling),2018,45(10):195-201.
[4] 周海涛,周玉海.压差对PDC钻头钻速影响规律的研究[J].石油钻采工艺,1996,18(2):31-36.ZHOU Haitao,ZHOU Yuhai.Differental pressure effecting PDC bit on penetration rate[J].Oil Drilling & Production Technology,1996,18(2):31-36.
[5] 王滨,李军,邹德永.适合强研磨性硬地层PDC-金刚石孕镶块混合钻头设计与应用[J].特种油气藏,2018,25(1):169-174.WANG Bin,LI Jun,ZOU Deyong.Design and application of a PDC hybrid drill bit with impregnated diamond insert for the hard formation with strong abrasivity[J].Special Oil and Gas Reservior,2018,25(1):169-174.
[6] 石林,汪海阁,纪国栋.中石油钻井工程技术现状、挑战及发展趋势[J].天然气工业,2013,33(10):1-10.SHI Lin,WANG Haige,JI Guodong.Current situation,challenges and developing trend of CNPC’s oil & gas drilling[J].Natural Gas Industry,2013,33(10):1-10.
[7] 汪海阁,郑新权.中石油深井钻井技术现状与面临的挑战[J].石油钻采工艺,2005,27(2):4-8.WANG Haige,ZHENG Xinquan.Status quo and faced challenges of deep well drilling techniques of Petrochina[J].Oil Drilling & Production Technology,2005,27(2):4-8.
[8] 谭春飞,李树盛.影响深井和超深井钻速的主要原因分析[J].石油钻采工艺,1998,20(4);32-37.TAN Chunfei,LI Shusheng.Analysis of main causes affecting ROP of deep and ultra-deep wells[J].Oil Drilling & Production Technology,1998,20(4):32-37.
[9] CRANE D,ZHANG Y,DOUGLAS C,et al.Innovative PDC cutter with elongated ridge combines shear and crush action to improve PDC bit performance[J].SPE183984,2017:1-17.
[10] KAHRAMAN S,BALCI C,YAZICI S,et al.Prediction of the penetration rate of rotary blast hole drills using a new drillability index[J].International Journal of Rock Mechanics and Mining Sciences,2000,37(5):729-743.
[11] 潘起峰,高德利.用声波法评价地层可钻性各向异性的实验研究[J].岩石力学与工程学报,2006,25(1):162-167.PAN Qifeng,GAO Deli.Experimental study on evaluation of formation drillability anisotropy by acoustic wave velocity[J].Chinese Journal of Rock Mechanics and Engineering,2006,25(1):162-167.
[12] 韩来聚,李祖奎,燕静,等.碳酸盐岩地层岩石声学特性的试验研究与应用[J].岩石力学与工程学报,2004,23(14):2444-2447.HAN Laiju,LI Zukui,YAN Jing,et al.Test and application to sonic properties of carbonate rock[J].Chinese Journal of Rock Mechanics and Engineering,2004,23(14):2444-2447.
[13] 钻井手册(甲方)编写组.钻井手册(甲方):上册[M].北京:石油工业出版社,1990:205-206.Drilling Manual Preparation Group for Party A.Drilling handbook:party A:volume 1[M].Beijing:Petroleum Industry Press,1990:205-206.
[14] 高德利,刘希圣.钻头与地层相互作用的新模型[J].石油钻采工艺,1989,11(5):23-28,32.GAO Deli,LIU Xisheng.A new model of bit-formation interaction[J].Oil Drilling & Production Technology,1989,11(5):23-28,32.
[15] 马凤清,唐波,冯光通,等.三牙轮钻头与地层相互作用动力学数值模拟[J].石油矿场机械,2012,41(9):5-9.MA Fengqing,TANG Bo,FENG Guangtong,et al.Study of dynamical numerical simulation of the interaction between three-cone bit and formation[J].Oil Field Equipment,2012,41(9):5-9.
[16] 韩来聚,周延军,唐志军.胜利油田非常规油气优快钻井技术[J].石油钻采工艺,2012,34(3):11-15.HAN Laiju,ZHOU Yanjun,TANG Zhijun.High quality and fast drilling techniques for unconventional oil and gas reservoirs in Shengli Field[J].Oil Drilling & Production Technology,2012,34(3):11-15.
[2] 徐小荷,俞静,等.岩石破碎原理[M].北京:煤矿工业出版社,1984:17-22.XU Xiaohe,YU Jing,et al.Principle of rock fragmentation[M].Beijing:China Coal Industry Publishing Press,1984:17-22.
[3] 熊虎林,李谦.基于地层成分和钻进参数的钻速预测模型[J].探矿工程(岩土钻掘工程),2018,45(10):195-201.XIONG Hulin,LI Qian.ROP prediction model based on formation composition and drilling parameters[J].Exploration Engineering (Rock & soil Drilling and Tunneling),2018,45(10):195-201.
[4] 周海涛,周玉海.压差对PDC钻头钻速影响规律的研究[J].石油钻采工艺,1996,18(2):31-36.ZHOU Haitao,ZHOU Yuhai.Differental pressure effecting PDC bit on penetration rate[J].Oil Drilling & Production Technology,1996,18(2):31-36.
[5] 王滨,李军,邹德永.适合强研磨性硬地层PDC-金刚石孕镶块混合钻头设计与应用[J].特种油气藏,2018,25(1):169-174.WANG Bin,LI Jun,ZOU Deyong.Design and application of a PDC hybrid drill bit with impregnated diamond insert for the hard formation with strong abrasivity[J].Special Oil and Gas Reservior,2018,25(1):169-174.
[6] 石林,汪海阁,纪国栋.中石油钻井工程技术现状、挑战及发展趋势[J].天然气工业,2013,33(10):1-10.SHI Lin,WANG Haige,JI Guodong.Current situation,challenges and developing trend of CNPC’s oil & gas drilling[J].Natural Gas Industry,2013,33(10):1-10.
[7] 汪海阁,郑新权.中石油深井钻井技术现状与面临的挑战[J].石油钻采工艺,2005,27(2):4-8.WANG Haige,ZHENG Xinquan.Status quo and faced challenges of deep well drilling techniques of Petrochina[J].Oil Drilling & Production Technology,2005,27(2):4-8.
[8] 谭春飞,李树盛.影响深井和超深井钻速的主要原因分析[J].石油钻采工艺,1998,20(4);32-37.TAN Chunfei,LI Shusheng.Analysis of main causes affecting ROP of deep and ultra-deep wells[J].Oil Drilling & Production Technology,1998,20(4):32-37.
[9] CRANE D,ZHANG Y,DOUGLAS C,et al.Innovative PDC cutter with elongated ridge combines shear and crush action to improve PDC bit performance[J].SPE183984,2017:1-17.
[10] KAHRAMAN S,BALCI C,YAZICI S,et al.Prediction of the penetration rate of rotary blast hole drills using a new drillability index[J].International Journal of Rock Mechanics and Mining Sciences,2000,37(5):729-743.
[11] 潘起峰,高德利.用声波法评价地层可钻性各向异性的实验研究[J].岩石力学与工程学报,2006,25(1):162-167.PAN Qifeng,GAO Deli.Experimental study on evaluation of formation drillability anisotropy by acoustic wave velocity[J].Chinese Journal of Rock Mechanics and Engineering,2006,25(1):162-167.
[12] 韩来聚,李祖奎,燕静,等.碳酸盐岩地层岩石声学特性的试验研究与应用[J].岩石力学与工程学报,2004,23(14):2444-2447.HAN Laiju,LI Zukui,YAN Jing,et al.Test and application to sonic properties of carbonate rock[J].Chinese Journal of Rock Mechanics and Engineering,2004,23(14):2444-2447.
[13] 钻井手册(甲方)编写组.钻井手册(甲方):上册[M].北京:石油工业出版社,1990:205-206.Drilling Manual Preparation Group for Party A.Drilling handbook:party A:volume 1[M].Beijing:Petroleum Industry Press,1990:205-206.
[14] 高德利,刘希圣.钻头与地层相互作用的新模型[J].石油钻采工艺,1989,11(5):23-28,32.GAO Deli,LIU Xisheng.A new model of bit-formation interaction[J].Oil Drilling & Production Technology,1989,11(5):23-28,32.
[15] 马凤清,唐波,冯光通,等.三牙轮钻头与地层相互作用动力学数值模拟[J].石油矿场机械,2012,41(9):5-9.MA Fengqing,TANG Bo,FENG Guangtong,et al.Study of dynamical numerical simulation of the interaction between three-cone bit and formation[J].Oil Field Equipment,2012,41(9):5-9.
[16] 韩来聚,周延军,唐志军.胜利油田非常规油气优快钻井技术[J].石油钻采工艺,2012,34(3):11-15.HAN Laiju,ZHOU Yanjun,TANG Zhijun.High quality and fast drilling techniques for unconventional oil and gas reservoirs in Shengli Field[J].Oil Drilling & Production Technology,2012,34(3):11-15.