列车运行速度对弓网电弧电气特性的影响研究
|
摘要
列车速度的提高加剧弓网电弧的产生,影响高速铁路的安全稳定运行。基于经典的Cassie和Mayr电弧模型,考虑电弧长度、列车速度对电弧横向吹弧耗散功率的影响,对Cassie-Mayr串联电弧模型进行改进;通过模拟实验和仿真结果对比,验证模型的正确性。建立牵引供电系统实际参数模型,分析离线时间和列车运行速度对电弧电压、电流的影响;对比列车速度为100、400 km/h时的弓网电弧伏安特性曲线。结果表明,弓网电弧电压随离线时间、列车速度的增大而增大。当燃弧时间0～100 ms内、运行速度为100 km/h时,起弧电压幅值从35 V增大到137 V;当速度增大至400 km/h,起弧电压从37 V增大到386 V。
The increase of train speed aggravates generation of the pantograph-catenary arc, which seriously affects the safe and stable operation of high-speed railway. In this paper, based on the classical arc models of Cassie and Mayr, the Cassie-Mayr series arc model was improved, considering the influence of arc length and train speed on the dissipated power in the transverse blowing arc. Through the experiment and comparison with the simulation results, the correctness of the improved model was validated. The actual parameter model of traction power supply system was established to analyze the effects of the separation time and the train speed on arc voltage and current. The U-I characteristic curves of pantograph-catenary arc at the trains speeds of 100 km/h and 400 km/h were compared. The results show that the voltage of pantograph-catenary arc increases with the increase of the separation time and the train speed. During arcing time of 0～100 ms, voltage amplitudes of sparking arc increase from 35 V to 137 V at the train speed of 100 km/h. As the train speed increases to 400 km/h, the amplitudes of sparking arc rise from 37 V to 386 V.
The increase of train speed aggravates generation of the pantograph-catenary arc, which seriously affects the safe and stable operation of high-speed railway. In this paper, based on the classical arc models of Cassie and Mayr, the Cassie-Mayr series arc model was improved, considering the influence of arc length and train speed on the dissipated power in the transverse blowing arc. Through the experiment and comparison with the simulation results, the correctness of the improved model was validated. The actual parameter model of traction power supply system was established to analyze the effects of the separation time and the train speed on arc voltage and current. The U-I characteristic curves of pantograph-catenary arc at the trains speeds of 100 km/h and 400 km/h were compared. The results show that the voltage of pantograph-catenary arc increases with the increase of the separation time and the train speed. During arcing time of 0～100 ms, voltage amplitudes of sparking arc increase from 35 V to 137 V at the train speed of 100 km/h. As the train speed increases to 400 km/h, the amplitudes of sparking arc rise from 37 V to 386 V.
引文
[1] 金学松,温泽峰,张卫华,等.世界铁路发展状况及其关键力学问题[J].工程力学,2004,21(S1):90-104.JIN Xuesong,WEN Zefeng,ZHANG Weihua,et al.Development Status of World Railway and Its Key Mechanics Problem[J].Applied Mechanics,2004,21(S1):90-104.
[2] 何常红,吴广宁,张雪原,等.电铁受电弓-接触网系统电弧现象的研究[C]// 2008中国电力系统保护与控制学术研讨会论文集.烟台:许昌继电器研究所《电力系统保护与控制》杂志社,2008:724-748.
[3] BUHRKALL L.DC Components Due to Ice on the Overhead Contact Wire of AC Electrified Railways[J].Elektrische Bahnen,2005,103(8):380-389.
[4] TELLINI B,MACUCCI M,GIANNETTI R,el al.Conducted and Radiated Interference Measurements in the Line-pantograph System[J].IEEE Trans Instruments,2001,50(6):1661-1664.
[5] 韩伟锋,高国强,刘贤汭,等.弓网电弧磁流体动力学模型[J].铁道学报,2015,37(5):21-26.HAN Weifeng,GAO Guoqiang,LIU Xianrui,et al.MHD Model of Pantograph-catenary Arc[J].Journal of the China Railway Society,2015,37(5):21-26.
[6] 王英,刘志刚,范福强,等.弓网电弧模型及其电气特性的研究进展[J].铁道学报,2013,35(8):35-43.WANG Ying,LIU Zhigang,FAN Fuqiang,et al.Review of Research Development of Pantograph-catenary Arc Model and Electrical Characteristics[J].Journal of the China Railway Society,2013,35(8):35-43.
[7] 王万岗,梁明亮,吴广宁,等.弓网系统静态接触电阻特性研究[J].高压电器,2012,48(1):30-34.WANG Wangang,LIANG Mingliang,WU Guangning,et al.Characteristics of Static Contact Resistance between Pantograph and Catenary[J].High Voltage Apparatus,2012,48(1):30-34.
[8] 王万岗,吴广宁,高国强,等.高速铁路弓网电弧实验系统[J].铁道学报,2012,34(4):22-27.WANG Wangang,WU Guangning,GAO Guoqiang,et al.The Pantograph-catenary Arc Test System for High-speed Railways[J].Journal of the China Railway Society,2012,34(4):22-27.
[9] 丁涛,陈光雄,卜俊,等.载流摩擦磨损中不同放电现象的机理研究[J].中国铁道科学,2009,30(5):83-86.DING Tao,CHEN Guangxiong,BU Jun,et al.Study on the Mechanisms of Different Discharge Phenomena in the Process of Friction and Wear with Electric Current[J].China Railway Science,2009,30(5):83-86.
[10] CASSIE A M.The Orienovelle Des Arc Derupture Etdela Ririgidite Des Circuit[C]// CIGRE.OhiO,US:CIGRE ,1939:1-3.
[11] MAYR O.Contribution to the Theory of Static and Dynamic Arcs[J].Archiv Electrotech,1943,37(1):589-608.
[12] 陈朝珍.电力机车过电分相电气过程的机理分析[D].成都:西南交通大学,2007:16-26.
[13] LIU Y J,CHANG W,HUANG M.Mayr’s Equation-Based Model for Pantograph Arc of High-speed Railway Traction System[J].IEEE Transactions on Power Delivery,2010,25(3):2015-2027.
[14] 王仁甫.电弧现象模型的发展[J].高压电器,1991,27(4):30-46.WANG Renfu.The Model Development of Arcing Phenomenon[J].High Voltage Apparatus,1991,27(4):30-46.
[15] HABEDANK U.On the Mathematical Description of Arc Behaviour in the Vicinity of Current Zero[J].Elektrotechnische Zeitschrift Archiv,1988,10(11):339-343.
[16] VAN D S L,RUTGERS W R,KOREMAN C G A.A Physical Arc Model for the Simulationof Current Zero Behavior of High-voltage Circuit Breakers[C]//Proceedings of the 1991 IEEE Power Engineering Society.San Diego:IEEE Power Engineering Society,1991:485-491.
[17] SCHAVEMAKER P H,VAN D S L.An Improved Mayr-type arc Model Based on Current-zero Measurements[J].IEEE Transactions on Power Delivery,2000,15(2):580-584.
[18] 王万岗.高速铁路弓网电弧动态特性研究[D].西南交通大学,2013:59-66.
[19] WANG Y,LIU Z,MU X,et al.An Extended Habedank’s Equation-based EMTP Model of Pantograph Arcing Considering Pantograph-catenary Interactions and Train Speeds[J].IEEE Transactions on Power Delivery,2016,31(3):1186-1194.
[20] MIDYA S,BORMANN D,SCHUTTE T,et al.Pantograph Arcing in Electrified Railways-mechanism and Influence of Various Parameters-part II:with AC Traction Power Supply[J].IEEE Transactions on Power Delivery,2009,24(4):1940-1950.
[21] 高国强.高速列车运行状态暂态过电压机理与抑制方法研究[D].成都:西南交通大学,2012:24-25.
[22] 陈伟.离线距离对弓网电弧特性及滑板载流摩擦磨损性能的影响[D].成都:西南交通大学,2015:21-31.
[23] 孙袆.低压交流接触器电弧动态数学模型和温度场仿真研究[D].保定:华北电力大学,2010:17-24.
[24] 王其平.电器电弧理论[M].北京:机械工业出版社,1982:41-42.
[25] 张冠生.电器理论基础[M].西安:西安交通大学,2006:40-42.
[26] 陈旭坤,曹保江,刘耀银,等.高速气流场下列车弓网电弧动态模型研究[J].高电压技术,2016,42(11):3593-3600.CHEN Xukun,CAO Baojiang,LIU Yaoyin,et al.Study on the Dynamic Model of Pantograph-catenary Arc of the train in High-speed Airflow Field[J].High Voltage Engineering,2016,42(11):3593-3600.
[27] WEI W,WU J,GAO G,et al.Study on Pantograph Arcing in a Laboratory Simulation System by High-speed Photography[J].IEEE Transactions on Plasma Science,2016,44(10):2438-2445.
[2] 何常红,吴广宁,张雪原,等.电铁受电弓-接触网系统电弧现象的研究[C]// 2008中国电力系统保护与控制学术研讨会论文集.烟台:许昌继电器研究所《电力系统保护与控制》杂志社,2008:724-748.
[3] BUHRKALL L.DC Components Due to Ice on the Overhead Contact Wire of AC Electrified Railways[J].Elektrische Bahnen,2005,103(8):380-389.
[4] TELLINI B,MACUCCI M,GIANNETTI R,el al.Conducted and Radiated Interference Measurements in the Line-pantograph System[J].IEEE Trans Instruments,2001,50(6):1661-1664.
[5] 韩伟锋,高国强,刘贤汭,等.弓网电弧磁流体动力学模型[J].铁道学报,2015,37(5):21-26.HAN Weifeng,GAO Guoqiang,LIU Xianrui,et al.MHD Model of Pantograph-catenary Arc[J].Journal of the China Railway Society,2015,37(5):21-26.
[6] 王英,刘志刚,范福强,等.弓网电弧模型及其电气特性的研究进展[J].铁道学报,2013,35(8):35-43.WANG Ying,LIU Zhigang,FAN Fuqiang,et al.Review of Research Development of Pantograph-catenary Arc Model and Electrical Characteristics[J].Journal of the China Railway Society,2013,35(8):35-43.
[7] 王万岗,梁明亮,吴广宁,等.弓网系统静态接触电阻特性研究[J].高压电器,2012,48(1):30-34.WANG Wangang,LIANG Mingliang,WU Guangning,et al.Characteristics of Static Contact Resistance between Pantograph and Catenary[J].High Voltage Apparatus,2012,48(1):30-34.
[8] 王万岗,吴广宁,高国强,等.高速铁路弓网电弧实验系统[J].铁道学报,2012,34(4):22-27.WANG Wangang,WU Guangning,GAO Guoqiang,et al.The Pantograph-catenary Arc Test System for High-speed Railways[J].Journal of the China Railway Society,2012,34(4):22-27.
[9] 丁涛,陈光雄,卜俊,等.载流摩擦磨损中不同放电现象的机理研究[J].中国铁道科学,2009,30(5):83-86.DING Tao,CHEN Guangxiong,BU Jun,et al.Study on the Mechanisms of Different Discharge Phenomena in the Process of Friction and Wear with Electric Current[J].China Railway Science,2009,30(5):83-86.
[10] CASSIE A M.The Orienovelle Des Arc Derupture Etdela Ririgidite Des Circuit[C]// CIGRE.OhiO,US:CIGRE ,1939:1-3.
[11] MAYR O.Contribution to the Theory of Static and Dynamic Arcs[J].Archiv Electrotech,1943,37(1):589-608.
[12] 陈朝珍.电力机车过电分相电气过程的机理分析[D].成都:西南交通大学,2007:16-26.
[13] LIU Y J,CHANG W,HUANG M.Mayr’s Equation-Based Model for Pantograph Arc of High-speed Railway Traction System[J].IEEE Transactions on Power Delivery,2010,25(3):2015-2027.
[14] 王仁甫.电弧现象模型的发展[J].高压电器,1991,27(4):30-46.WANG Renfu.The Model Development of Arcing Phenomenon[J].High Voltage Apparatus,1991,27(4):30-46.
[15] HABEDANK U.On the Mathematical Description of Arc Behaviour in the Vicinity of Current Zero[J].Elektrotechnische Zeitschrift Archiv,1988,10(11):339-343.
[16] VAN D S L,RUTGERS W R,KOREMAN C G A.A Physical Arc Model for the Simulationof Current Zero Behavior of High-voltage Circuit Breakers[C]//Proceedings of the 1991 IEEE Power Engineering Society.San Diego:IEEE Power Engineering Society,1991:485-491.
[17] SCHAVEMAKER P H,VAN D S L.An Improved Mayr-type arc Model Based on Current-zero Measurements[J].IEEE Transactions on Power Delivery,2000,15(2):580-584.
[18] 王万岗.高速铁路弓网电弧动态特性研究[D].西南交通大学,2013:59-66.
[19] WANG Y,LIU Z,MU X,et al.An Extended Habedank’s Equation-based EMTP Model of Pantograph Arcing Considering Pantograph-catenary Interactions and Train Speeds[J].IEEE Transactions on Power Delivery,2016,31(3):1186-1194.
[20] MIDYA S,BORMANN D,SCHUTTE T,et al.Pantograph Arcing in Electrified Railways-mechanism and Influence of Various Parameters-part II:with AC Traction Power Supply[J].IEEE Transactions on Power Delivery,2009,24(4):1940-1950.
[21] 高国强.高速列车运行状态暂态过电压机理与抑制方法研究[D].成都:西南交通大学,2012:24-25.
[22] 陈伟.离线距离对弓网电弧特性及滑板载流摩擦磨损性能的影响[D].成都:西南交通大学,2015:21-31.
[23] 孙袆.低压交流接触器电弧动态数学模型和温度场仿真研究[D].保定:华北电力大学,2010:17-24.
[24] 王其平.电器电弧理论[M].北京:机械工业出版社,1982:41-42.
[25] 张冠生.电器理论基础[M].西安:西安交通大学,2006:40-42.
[26] 陈旭坤,曹保江,刘耀银,等.高速气流场下列车弓网电弧动态模型研究[J].高电压技术,2016,42(11):3593-3600.CHEN Xukun,CAO Baojiang,LIU Yaoyin,et al.Study on the Dynamic Model of Pantograph-catenary Arc of the train in High-speed Airflow Field[J].High Voltage Engineering,2016,42(11):3593-3600.
[27] WEI W,WU J,GAO G,et al.Study on Pantograph Arcing in a Laboratory Simulation System by High-speed Photography[J].IEEE Transactions on Plasma Science,2016,44(10):2438-2445.