Radon变换的雷达低慢小目标检测方法
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摘要
近年来,由于军民领域应用需求的爆发增长,以无人机和轻型直升机等为代表的低空慢速小目标得到了迅猛发展。与此同时,由于此类目标具有"飞行高度低、飞行速度慢以及散射截面积小"等特点,目标回波常常淹没于强地/海杂波中且在频域与慢速杂波混叠严重,致使基于频域滤波的传统检测技术难以对其有效探测,这为防空预警雷达带来了新的严峻挑战。首先在综合考虑了多路径干涉、大气衰减以及系统损耗等因素的情况下,构建了雷达"低慢小"目标回波模型,然后在通过Kalmus滤波器进行强杂波抑制的基础上,对长时间观测下的多帧雷达回波数据所合成的距离-慢时间像进行慢时间域降维平滑处理,最后结合Radon变换,在变换后的参数域通过设置门限完成目标检测,实验仿真结果表明了该方法的有效性。
In recent years,due to the emergence of military and civilian applications of the outbreak of growth,the unmanned aerial vehicles and light helicopters as the representative of the low-altitude slow small target has been rapid developed. Because such targets have the characteristics of "low flying altitude,slow flight speed and small RCS ",the target echo is often submerged in the strong ground/sea clutter. The traditional detection technology based on the frequency domain filtering is difficult to detect,which brings new serious challenge for the air defense early warning radar. To solve the problem,the multi path interference,atmospheric attenuation,system loss and other factors,the construction of the target echo model are considered; based on the strong clutter suppression by Kalmus filter,the distance and slow time image of the multi-frame radar echo data under long term observation is simulated by the slow time domain. After combining with the Radon transform,the target detection is completed through the threshold setting of the transformed parameter field. The experimental results show the effectiveness of the proposed method.
In recent years,due to the emergence of military and civilian applications of the outbreak of growth,the unmanned aerial vehicles and light helicopters as the representative of the low-altitude slow small target has been rapid developed. Because such targets have the characteristics of "low flying altitude,slow flight speed and small RCS ",the target echo is often submerged in the strong ground/sea clutter. The traditional detection technology based on the frequency domain filtering is difficult to detect,which brings new serious challenge for the air defense early warning radar. To solve the problem,the multi path interference,atmospheric attenuation,system loss and other factors,the construction of the target echo model are considered; based on the strong clutter suppression by Kalmus filter,the distance and slow time image of the multi-frame radar echo data under long term observation is simulated by the slow time domain. After combining with the Radon transform,the target detection is completed through the threshold setting of the transformed parameter field. The experimental results show the effectiveness of the proposed method.
引文
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[21]CHEN H,LI M,LU Y,et al.Novel Weak Target Detection Technique Based on Time-Dimension Reduced Multiple Frame Detection in the Radon Domain[J].Journal of Xidian University,2017,44(2):14-19.
[22]CARRETERO-MOYA J,GISMERO-MENOYO J,ASENSIO-LOPEZ A,et al.Application of the Radon Transform to Detect Small Targets in Sea Clutter[J].IET Radar,Sonar&Navigation,2009,3(2):155-166.
[2]LU J,SHUI P L,SU H T.Track-Before-Detect Method Based on Cost-Reference Particle Filter in Non-linear Dynamic Systems with Unknown Statistics[J].IET Signal Processing,2014,8(1):85-94.
[3]RUTTEN M G,GORDON N J,MASKELL S.Recursive Track-Before-Detect with Target Amp Latitude Fluctuations[J].IEE Proc.Radar,Sonar and Navigation,2005,152(5):345-52.
[4]HU Rui-qing,TIAN Jie-rong.Study on Tracking and Tracking Small and Slow Targets Using Particle Filter[J].Computer Knowledge and Technology,2014(19):184-186.
[5]DAVEY S J,RUTTEN M G,CHEUNG B.A Comparison of Detection Performance for Several Track-Before-Detect Algorithms[J].Journal on Advances in Signal Processing,2008(428036):1-10.
[6]陆晨阳.雷达低速目标检测方法研究[D].西安:西安电子科技大学,2014.LU Chen-yang.Research on Methods for Low Speed Target Detection of Radar[D].Xi'an:Xidian University,2014.
[7]张云佐.基于多活性代理的“低慢小”目标探测系统浅析[J].广西通信技术,2012(2):35-37.ZHANG Yun-zuo.Analysis of Detection System for“Low,Slow and Small”Target Based on Multi LivingAgent[J].Journal of Guangxi Communication Technology,2012(2):35-37.
[8]王党卫,秦江敏,马晓岩.基于杂波白化处理的海面低速弱目标检测[J].现代雷达,2003,25(6):15-18.WANG Dang-wei,QIN Jiang-min,MA Xiao-yan.ClutterWhitening-Based Low-Speed Weak Target Detection over the Sea[J].Modern Radar,2003,25(6):15-18.
[9]David K Barton,Sergey A.Leonov.Radar Technology Encyclopedia[M].Boston London:Artech House,1998.
[10]SKOLNIK M.Opportunities in Radar-2002[J].Electronics&Communication Engineering Journal,2002,14(6):263-272.
[11]何嘉懿,廖桂生,杨志伟,等.一种参数化轨迹增强的TBD算法[J].西安电子科技大学学报,2015,42(6):17-22.HE Jia-yi,LIAO Gui-sheng,YANG Zhi-wei,et al.Efficient Track-Before-Detect Algorithm Based on Parameterized Track Enhancement[J].Journal of Xidian University.2015,42(6):17-22.
[12]GROSSI E,LOPS M.A Novel Dynamic Programming Algorithm for Track-Before-Detect in Radar Systems[J].IEEE Transactions on Signal Processing,2013,61(10):2608-2619.
[13]陈华伟,李侠,曹永辉,等.情报雷达低空小目标探测能力评估方法研究[J].空军雷达学院学报,2009,23(2):79-82.CHEN Hua-wei,LI Xia,CAO Yong-hui,et al.Evaluation of Detection Capability of Low Altitude Small Target for Intelligence Radar[J].Journal of Air Force Radar Academy,2009.
[14]ZHOU Bin-zhong,STEWART A Greenhalgh.Linear and Parabolic Tau-p Transform Revisited[J].Geophysics,1994,59(7):1133-1137.
[15]NURUL KABIR M M,VERSCHUUR D J.Restoration of Missing Offsets by Parabolic Radon Transform[J].Geophysical Prospecting,1995,43:347-350.
[16]CARRETERO-MOYA J,GISMERO-MENOYO J.A Coherent Radon Transform for Small Target Detection[C]∥2009 IEEE Radar Conference,California,USA:IEEE Press,2009:1-4.
[17]REY M T,TUNALEY J K,FOLINSBEE J T.Application of Radon Transform Techniques to Wake Detection in Seasat-Asar Images[J].IEEE Trans.Geosci Remote Sens,1990,28(4):553-560.
[18]ANTHONY C Copeland,Gopalan Ravichandran,Mohan M.Localized Radon Transform-Based Detection of Ship Wakes in SAR Images[J].IEEE Transactions on Geoscience and Remote Sensing,1995,33(1):35-45.
[19]CARRETERO-MOYA J,GISMERO-MENOYO J,ASENSIO-LOPEZ A,et al.Application of the Radon Transform to Detect Small Targets in Sea Clutter[J].IET Radar,Sonar&Navigation,2009,3(2):155-166.
[20]马晓岩.雷达信号处理[M].长沙:湖南科学技术出版社,1999:171-173.MA Xiao-yan.Radar Signal Processing[M].Changsha:Hunan Science and Technology Press,1999:171-173.
[21]CHEN H,LI M,LU Y,et al.Novel Weak Target Detection Technique Based on Time-Dimension Reduced Multiple Frame Detection in the Radon Domain[J].Journal of Xidian University,2017,44(2):14-19.
[22]CARRETERO-MOYA J,GISMERO-MENOYO J,ASENSIO-LOPEZ A,et al.Application of the Radon Transform to Detect Small Targets in Sea Clutter[J].IET Radar,Sonar&Navigation,2009,3(2):155-166.