有机金属卤化物钙钛矿中的离子迁移现象及其研究进展
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摘要
近年来,卤化物钙钛矿太阳能电池由于其诸多技术优势引起了普遍的关注,其效率在几年内达到了认证的24.2%,接近目前已经民用化的晶体硅太阳能电池.卤化物钙钛矿在外加电场作用下除了具有电荷传输能力外,还表现出离子迁移现象,是一种兼具半导体和离子导体特性的材料.离子迁移不仅直接改变了钙钛矿晶体的局部化学配比,而且会对材料的电学性质乃至相应器件的工作机理产生极大影响.本文总结了离子迁移的形成机制、基本特征及其对器件工作过程的影响(如可翻转的光伏现象、电流迟滞现象等),介绍了一些关于抑制离子迁移的最新研究进展.目前关于钙钛矿材料中的离子迁移现象的认识仍不全面,深入理解卤化物钙钛矿材料中的离子迁移现象对推动钙钛矿太阳能电池的发展和应用十分重要.
In recent years, metal halide perovskite solar cells have attracted widespread attention due to their unique technological superiority. Remarkable progress of device performance has been achieved in last few years. The certified efficiency has reached 24.2%, which is close to the efficiency of the commercial crystalline silicon solar cells. Halide perovskite is a kind of semiconductor and ionic conductor material, which not only has the ability to transfer charges, but also exhibits the phenomenon of ion migration under an external electric field. Ion migration can directly change the local chemical ratio of perovskite crystals, and can also greatly affect the electrical properties of materials and the working mechanisms of corresponding devices. In this review, the formation mechanism, basic characteristics and effects of ion migration on the working mechanism of the device(such as giant switchable photovoltaic phenomenon, current hysteresis, etc.) are summarized, and then some recent advances in the suppression of ion migration are introduced. Since there exist still many doubts about ion migration in perovskite materials, it is very important to understand the phenomenon of ion migration in perovskite materials in order to promote the development and application of perovskite solar cells.
In recent years, metal halide perovskite solar cells have attracted widespread attention due to their unique technological superiority. Remarkable progress of device performance has been achieved in last few years. The certified efficiency has reached 24.2%, which is close to the efficiency of the commercial crystalline silicon solar cells. Halide perovskite is a kind of semiconductor and ionic conductor material, which not only has the ability to transfer charges, but also exhibits the phenomenon of ion migration under an external electric field. Ion migration can directly change the local chemical ratio of perovskite crystals, and can also greatly affect the electrical properties of materials and the working mechanisms of corresponding devices. In this review, the formation mechanism, basic characteristics and effects of ion migration on the working mechanism of the device(such as giant switchable photovoltaic phenomenon, current hysteresis, etc.) are summarized, and then some recent advances in the suppression of ion migration are introduced. Since there exist still many doubts about ion migration in perovskite materials, it is very important to understand the phenomenon of ion migration in perovskite materials in order to promote the development and application of perovskite solar cells.
引文
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