玄武岩织物增强聚乳酸复合材料的制备及其拉伸断裂性能
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摘要
为提高聚乳酸复合材料的力学性能,以玄武岩织物(BF)为增强材料,聚乳酸(PLA)为基体材料,采用真空灌注法制备玄武岩织物增强聚乳酸复合材料。研究了偶联剂KH550质量分数、铺层层数、铺层角度对BF/PLA复合材料拉伸断裂性能的影响,并借助扫描电子显微镜对复合材料拉伸实验后的断裂形貌图进行分析。结果表明:随着KH550质量分数的增加,BF/PLA复合材料的拉伸断裂强度出现先增大后减小的趋势,且KH550质量分数为3%时处理效果最佳,此时复合材料的拉伸断裂强度提高到82 MPa,且断面整齐;玄武岩织物铺层角度为0°和90°时,复合材料的拉伸断裂性能较优,45°铺设时最差,且拉伸实验后层间分离现象明显;在一定范围内复合材料的断裂强度随玄武岩织物铺层层数的增加而增加。
In order to improve the mechanical properties of polylactic acid(PLA)composites, basalt fabric(BF)reinforced polylactic acid composites were prepared by vacuum infusion method. The effects of mass fraction of coupling agent KH550, laying angle and the layer number on the properties of the composite were studied, and the fracture morphology of the composite after tensile test was observed by scanning electron microscope. The results show that the tensile fracture strength of the composite increased first and then decreased with the increase of KH550 mass fraction. The best treatment effect of KH550 was 3%, the tensile strength of composite was increased to 82 MPa, and the section of the composite was neat after tensile test. The tensile fracture performance of the composite was better when the laying angle were 0° and 90°, and the worst was 45°, and the phenomenon of interlaminar separation was obvious. Meanwhile, with increase of the layer number of basalt fabric in a certain range, the tensile fracture strength of the composite risse.
In order to improve the mechanical properties of polylactic acid(PLA)composites, basalt fabric(BF)reinforced polylactic acid composites were prepared by vacuum infusion method. The effects of mass fraction of coupling agent KH550, laying angle and the layer number on the properties of the composite were studied, and the fracture morphology of the composite after tensile test was observed by scanning electron microscope. The results show that the tensile fracture strength of the composite increased first and then decreased with the increase of KH550 mass fraction. The best treatment effect of KH550 was 3%, the tensile strength of composite was increased to 82 MPa, and the section of the composite was neat after tensile test. The tensile fracture performance of the composite was better when the laying angle were 0° and 90°, and the worst was 45°, and the phenomenon of interlaminar separation was obvious. Meanwhile, with increase of the layer number of basalt fabric in a certain range, the tensile fracture strength of the composite risse.
引文
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[15] KILBY W F. Planar stress-strain relationships in woven fabrics [J]. Journal of the Textile Institute Transactions, 1963, 54 (1): T9-T2.
[2] RAY S S, OKAMOTO M. Biodegradable polylactide and its nanocomposites: opening a new dimension for plastics and composites[J]. Macromolecular Rapid Communications, 2010, 24(14): 815-840.
[3] 陈美玉, 来侃, 孙润军, 等. 大麻/聚乳酸复合发泡材料的力学性能[J]. 纺织学报, 2016, 37(1): 28-32.CHEN Meiyu, LAI Kan, SUN Runjun, et al. Mechan-ical properties of hemp/polylactic acid composite foamed material[J]. Journal of Textile Research, 2016, 37(1): 28-32.
[4] 王世超, 相恒学, 费海燕, 等. 低聚物含量对聚乳酸熔纺成形工艺的影响[J]. 纺织学报, 2014, 35(8):133-139.WANG Shichao, XIANG Hengxue, FEI Haiyan, et al.Influence of oligomer content on melt spinning process of poly(L-lactic acid) [J]. Journal of Textile Research, 2014, 35(8): 133-139.
[5] HUDA M S,DRZAL L T,MISRA M,et al. A study on biocomposites from recycled newspaper fiber and poly (lactic acid) [J]. Industrial & Engineering Chemistry Research, 2005, 44: 5593-5601.
[6] 朱斐超, 于斌, 韩建, 等. 纺粘非织造用聚乳酸/聚(3-羟基基丁酸-co-3-羟基戊酸共聚酯)的可纺性[J]. 纺织学报, 2014, 35(9): 19-26.ZHU Feichao, YU Bin, HAN Jian, et al. Spinnability of poly(Lacticacid)/ poly(3-hydroxybutyrate-co-3-hydroxy Valerate) for spun-bonded nonwovens[J]. Journal of Textile Research, 2014, 35(9): 19-26.
[7] 李晶晶, 赵泾峰, 孙景荣, 等. 甲壳素纳米纤维/聚乳酸复合材料的制备及性能[J]. 高分子材料科学与工程, 2017, 33(3): 162-166.LI Jingjing, ZHAO Jingfeng, SUN Jingrong, et al. Pre-paration and properties of chitin nanofibers/polylactic acid composites[J]. Polymer Materials Science and Engineering, 2017, 33(3): 162-166.
[8] 张建, 何春霞, 唐辉, 等. 三种植物纤维填充聚乳酸复合材料性能对比[J].工程塑料应用, 2016, 44(11): 12-16.ZHANG Jian, HE Chunxia, TANG Hui, et al. Performance comparison of three kinds of plant fibers modified polylactic acid composites[J]. Engineering Plastics Application, 2016, 44(11): 12-16.
[9] GURYNATHAN T, MOHANTY S, NAYAK S K,et al. A review of the recent developments in biocomposites based on natural fibers and their application perspec-tives [J]. Composites Part A, 2015, 77: 1-25.
[10] 李新娥. 玄武岩纤维和织物的研究进展[J].纺织学报,2010, 32(1): 145-150.LI Xin′e. Research progress of basalt fiber and fabrics[J]. Journal of Textile Research, 2010, 32(1): 145-150.
[11] DHAND V, MITTAL G, RHEE K Y, et al. A short review on basalt fiber reinforced polymer compo-sites [J]. Composites Part B, 2015, 73: 166-180.
[12] LIU T, YU F, YU X, et al. Basalt fiber reinforced and elastomer toughened polylactide composites: mechanical properties, rheology, crystallization, and morp-hology [J]. Journal of Applied Polymer Science, 2012, 125: 1292-1301.
[13] 陈曦. 玄武岩纤维在硬组织修复材料中的应用研究[D]. 南京: 东南大学, 2010: 34-50.CHEN Xi. Application of basalt fibers in hard tissue repair materials [D]. Nanjing: Southeast University, 2010: 34-50.
[14] 吕丽华, 刘桂彬, 孙艳丽. 阻燃型玄武岩织物/聚乳酸复合材料的研制[J]. 纺织学报, 2013, 34(1): 20-23. Lü Lihua, LIU Guibin, SUN Yanli. Preparation of flame retardant basalt fiber fabric/polylactic acid composite [J]. Journal of Textile Research, 2013, 34(1): 20-23.
[15] KILBY W F. Planar stress-strain relationships in woven fabrics [J]. Journal of the Textile Institute Transactions, 1963, 54 (1): T9-T2.