基于个体模型水温变动对东海鲐鱼补充量影响模拟研究
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摘要
日本鲐(Scomber japonicus)是我国近海重要经济鱼种,在生长早期,水温变动对其资源量影响很大。运用基于个体的东海鲐鱼生长初期生态模型,模拟水温变动对其生长和存活率的影响。研究发现,一维条件下,鲐鱼的鱼卵仔幼鱼的生长和生存对水温较敏感,仔幼鱼所处的水温越接近适宜水温(20℃),对鲐鱼的生长和生存越有利,水温高(24℃)比水温低(16℃)对鲐鱼成长和生存更有利一些。三维数值实验结果显示,随着水温的增高,最终幼鱼的体长和存活量均呈"S"型增加,即水温降低不利于东海鲐鱼的仔幼鱼的生长和发育,原因是在死亡率最高的鲐鱼亲体产卵后15～60天(4月份)期间物理环境决定了鲐鱼最终的资源补充量,该期间仔幼鱼所处的平均水温往往低于最适合水温,所以水温的增高对东海鲐鱼仔幼鱼的生长和存活是有利的。
Chub mackerel(Scomber japonicus)is one of the important economic fish species in the coastal water of China Sea.In the early growth of chub mackerel,the impact of temperature fluctuation on the resources of this fish species is significant.Based on individual model of early life-history of chub mackerel in East China Sea,the impact of the temperature fluctuation on the growth and survival of its eggs and larvae was simulated.The result showed that the growth and survival of chub mackerel's eggs,larval and juvenile were sensitive to water temperature and favorable and close to the optimum growth temperature(20℃)and high temperature(24℃)was more conductive to them than lower temperature(16℃)in one-dimension model test.In three-dimension model test,with water temperature rises,the final larval body length and survival increased in type "S" which means that lower water temperature was not favorable to the growth and survival of chub mackerel's eggs,larvae and juvenile.The reason is that the marine physical environment in April leaded to the highest mortality rate in 15-60 days(April)after spawning because the mean water temperature is lower than the optimum growth temperature and determines the amount of Chub mackerel's recruitment.So the water temperature increase is favorable for growth and survival of chub mackerel's eggs,larvae and juveniles in the East China Sea.
Chub mackerel(Scomber japonicus)is one of the important economic fish species in the coastal water of China Sea.In the early growth of chub mackerel,the impact of temperature fluctuation on the resources of this fish species is significant.Based on individual model of early life-history of chub mackerel in East China Sea,the impact of the temperature fluctuation on the growth and survival of its eggs and larvae was simulated.The result showed that the growth and survival of chub mackerel's eggs,larval and juvenile were sensitive to water temperature and favorable and close to the optimum growth temperature(20℃)and high temperature(24℃)was more conductive to them than lower temperature(16℃)in one-dimension model test.In three-dimension model test,with water temperature rises,the final larval body length and survival increased in type "S" which means that lower water temperature was not favorable to the growth and survival of chub mackerel's eggs,larvae and juvenile.The reason is that the marine physical environment in April leaded to the highest mortality rate in 15-60 days(April)after spawning because the mean water temperature is lower than the optimum growth temperature and determines the amount of Chub mackerel's recruitment.So the water temperature increase is favorable for growth and survival of chub mackerel's eggs,larvae and juveniles in the East China Sea.
引文
[1]唐启升.中国专属经济区海洋生物资源与栖息环境[M].北京:科学出版社,2006.
[2]郑元甲,陈雪忠,程家骅,等.东海大陆架生物资源与环境[M].上海:科技出版社,2003.
[3]程家骅,张秋华,李圣法,等.东黄海渔业资源利用[M].上海:上海科学技术出版社,2005.
[4]张秋华,程家骅,徐汉祥,等.东海区渔业资源及其可持续利用[M].上海:复旦大学出版社,2007.
[5] COOMBS S H,NICHOLS J H,FOSH C A.Plaice egg(Pleuronectes platessa L.)in the southern North Sea:abundance,spawning area,vertical distribution,and buoyancy[J].Journal du Conseil International pour l'exploration de la Mer,1990,47:133-139.
[6] WAN R J,SUN S.The category composition and abundance of ichthyoplankton in the ecosystem of the Yellow Sea and the East China Sea[J].Acta Zoologica Sinica,2006,52(1):28-44.
[7] HOVENKAMP F.Growth-dependent mortality of larval plaice Pleuronectes Platessa in the North Sea[J].Mar.Ecol.Prog.Ser.,1992,82:95-101.
[8]朱家喜.ENSO知识讲座第六讲ENSO对气候的影响[J].北京;海洋预报,2003,20(1):68-72.
[9]洪华生,何发祥,杨圣云.厄尔尼诺现象和浙江近海鲐鱼渔获量变化关系--长江口ENSO渔场学问题之二[J].青岛:海洋湖沼通报,1997(4):8-16.
[10]宋海棠,陈阿毛,丁天明,等.浙江渔场鲐鲹鱼资源利用研究[J].舟山:浙江水产学院学报,1995,14(1):2-13.
[11]丁天明,宋海棠.机轮拖网捕捞鲐鲹鱼的现状及渔况分析[J].舟山:浙江水产学院学报,1995,14(1):47-52.
[12]崔科,陈新军.东、黄海围网渔场鲐鲹鱼产量的年际变动[J].杭州:海洋学研究,2005,23(2):41-49.
[13]官文江,陈新军,李纲.海表水温和拉尼娜事件对东海鲐鱼资源时空变动的影响[J].上海:上海海洋大学学报,2011,20(1):102-106.
[14] HIYAMA Y,YODA M,OHSHIMO S.Stock size fluctuation in chub mackerel(Scomber japonicus)in the East China Sea and the Japan/East Sea[J].Fisheries oceanography,2002,11(6):347-353.
[15] HWANG S D.Population Ecology of pacific mackerel Scomber japonicas off Korea[D].Daejeon:Chungnam National University,1999.
[16]李曰嵩,陈新军,杨红.基于个体东海鲐鱼生长初期生态模型的构建[J].沈阳:应用生态学报,2012,23(6):1695-1703.
[17] HUNTER J R,KIMBRELL C A.Early life history of pacific mackerel,scomber Japonicus[J].Fishery Bulletin,1980,78:89-100.
[18] BARTSCH J,COOMBS S H.An individual-based model of the early life history of mackerel(Scomber scombrus)in the eastern North Atlantic,simulating transport,growth and mortality[J].Fisheries Oceanography,2004,13:365-379.
[19] http://www.cpc.ncep.noaa.gov/products/analysis_monitoring/ensostuff/ensoyears.shtml
[20]李纲,陈新军.东黄海鲐鱼资源评估与管理决策研究[M].北京:科学出版社,2011.
[21]苗振清.东海北部近海夏秋季鲐鲹渔场与海洋水文环境的关系[J].舟山:浙江海洋学院学报,1993,22(1):32-39.
[22]Li Y S,Chen X J,Chen C S,et al.Dispersal and survival of chub mackerel(Scomber Japonicus)larvae in the East China Sea[J].Ecological Modelling,2014,283,70-84.
[2]郑元甲,陈雪忠,程家骅,等.东海大陆架生物资源与环境[M].上海:科技出版社,2003.
[3]程家骅,张秋华,李圣法,等.东黄海渔业资源利用[M].上海:上海科学技术出版社,2005.
[4]张秋华,程家骅,徐汉祥,等.东海区渔业资源及其可持续利用[M].上海:复旦大学出版社,2007.
[5] COOMBS S H,NICHOLS J H,FOSH C A.Plaice egg(Pleuronectes platessa L.)in the southern North Sea:abundance,spawning area,vertical distribution,and buoyancy[J].Journal du Conseil International pour l'exploration de la Mer,1990,47:133-139.
[6] WAN R J,SUN S.The category composition and abundance of ichthyoplankton in the ecosystem of the Yellow Sea and the East China Sea[J].Acta Zoologica Sinica,2006,52(1):28-44.
[7] HOVENKAMP F.Growth-dependent mortality of larval plaice Pleuronectes Platessa in the North Sea[J].Mar.Ecol.Prog.Ser.,1992,82:95-101.
[8]朱家喜.ENSO知识讲座第六讲ENSO对气候的影响[J].北京;海洋预报,2003,20(1):68-72.
[9]洪华生,何发祥,杨圣云.厄尔尼诺现象和浙江近海鲐鱼渔获量变化关系--长江口ENSO渔场学问题之二[J].青岛:海洋湖沼通报,1997(4):8-16.
[10]宋海棠,陈阿毛,丁天明,等.浙江渔场鲐鲹鱼资源利用研究[J].舟山:浙江水产学院学报,1995,14(1):2-13.
[11]丁天明,宋海棠.机轮拖网捕捞鲐鲹鱼的现状及渔况分析[J].舟山:浙江水产学院学报,1995,14(1):47-52.
[12]崔科,陈新军.东、黄海围网渔场鲐鲹鱼产量的年际变动[J].杭州:海洋学研究,2005,23(2):41-49.
[13]官文江,陈新军,李纲.海表水温和拉尼娜事件对东海鲐鱼资源时空变动的影响[J].上海:上海海洋大学学报,2011,20(1):102-106.
[14] HIYAMA Y,YODA M,OHSHIMO S.Stock size fluctuation in chub mackerel(Scomber japonicus)in the East China Sea and the Japan/East Sea[J].Fisheries oceanography,2002,11(6):347-353.
[15] HWANG S D.Population Ecology of pacific mackerel Scomber japonicas off Korea[D].Daejeon:Chungnam National University,1999.
[16]李曰嵩,陈新军,杨红.基于个体东海鲐鱼生长初期生态模型的构建[J].沈阳:应用生态学报,2012,23(6):1695-1703.
[17] HUNTER J R,KIMBRELL C A.Early life history of pacific mackerel,scomber Japonicus[J].Fishery Bulletin,1980,78:89-100.
[18] BARTSCH J,COOMBS S H.An individual-based model of the early life history of mackerel(Scomber scombrus)in the eastern North Atlantic,simulating transport,growth and mortality[J].Fisheries Oceanography,2004,13:365-379.
[19] http://www.cpc.ncep.noaa.gov/products/analysis_monitoring/ensostuff/ensoyears.shtml
[20]李纲,陈新军.东黄海鲐鱼资源评估与管理决策研究[M].北京:科学出版社,2011.
[21]苗振清.东海北部近海夏秋季鲐鲹渔场与海洋水文环境的关系[J].舟山:浙江海洋学院学报,1993,22(1):32-39.
[22]Li Y S,Chen X J,Chen C S,et al.Dispersal and survival of chub mackerel(Scomber Japonicus)larvae in the East China Sea[J].Ecological Modelling,2014,283,70-84.