南海西沙群岛西科1井早中新世—第四纪生物礁地层中钙质超微化石的发现及其意义
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摘要
西科1井0.10—1267.80m岩芯中钙质超微化石丰度低,属种比较单调。分析831个样品,仅在48个样品中发现钙质超微化石,共鉴定10属17种及1个未定种,主要化石种为Calcidiscus leptoporus,C.macintyrei,Coccolithus pelagicus,Cyclicargolithus floridanus,Gephyrocapsa caribbeanica,G.oceanica,Helicosphaera carteri,H.euphratis,Pontosphaera multipora,Pseudoemiliania lacunosa,Reticulofenestra minuta,R.minutula,Sphenolithus abies,S.moriformis和S.neoabies等。根据钙质超微化石生物事件及组合特征,结合有孔虫和大型底栖钙藻等研究结果,对西科1井0.10—1267.80m地层进行了划分,大致可划分为5段:1)0.10—212.20m地层属于第四系NN21—NN19带;2)214.29—328.69m归属于更新统NN18带至上新统;3)330.97—598.12m属于上新统NN15带至上中新统;4)599.53—1231.62m归属于中中新统至下中新统;5)1233.62—1267.80m为下中新统。由于化石丰度和分异度均较低,未建立完整的钙质超微化石带序列。根据钙质超微化石标志种及组合特征,确定研究井段的地层时代为早中新世至第四纪。西科1井生物礁地层中钙质超微化石的发现,对该井生物地层的划分起到了十分关键的作用。
This paper deals with the calcareous nannofossils from biogenetic reef complexes in the early Miocene to Quaternary of well XK1,Xisha Island,South China Sea.A total of 831 core samples at1.5msampling intervals have been analyzed from the 0.10—1267.80 mof the XK1 well.Calcareous nannofossils has a lower abundance and diversity,and they are found in only 48 samples.17species and 1indet.species referred to 10 genera have been identified.The main species are Calcidiscus leptoporus,C.macintyrei,Coccolithus pelagicus,Cyclicargolithus floridanus,Gephyrocapsa caribbeanica,G.oceanica,Helicosphaera carteri,H.euphratis, Pontosphaera multipora, Reticu-lofenestra minuta,R. minutula,Sphenolithus abies,S.moriformis,S.neoabies.Based on the calcareous nannofossil events,assemblages and distribution,combined with zones of foraminifera and calcareous algae,five stratal sections can be divided.They are discussed from the top to the bottom as follows:1)0.10—212.20 mis assigned to Quaternary;2)214.29—328.69 m belongs to Pleistocene—upper Pliocene;3)330.97—598.12 m is divided into lower Pliocene―upper Miocene;4)599.53—1231.62 m is assigned to middle Miocene—lower Miocene;5)1233.62—1267.8 m belongs to lower Miocene.According to the calcareous nannofossils,the age of the interval 0.10—1267.80 mis early Miocene to Quaternary.The discovery of calcareous nannofossils is very important to the biostratigraphic division of well XK1.
This paper deals with the calcareous nannofossils from biogenetic reef complexes in the early Miocene to Quaternary of well XK1,Xisha Island,South China Sea.A total of 831 core samples at1.5msampling intervals have been analyzed from the 0.10—1267.80 mof the XK1 well.Calcareous nannofossils has a lower abundance and diversity,and they are found in only 48 samples.17species and 1indet.species referred to 10 genera have been identified.The main species are Calcidiscus leptoporus,C.macintyrei,Coccolithus pelagicus,Cyclicargolithus floridanus,Gephyrocapsa caribbeanica,G.oceanica,Helicosphaera carteri,H.euphratis, Pontosphaera multipora, Reticu-lofenestra minuta,R. minutula,Sphenolithus abies,S.moriformis,S.neoabies.Based on the calcareous nannofossil events,assemblages and distribution,combined with zones of foraminifera and calcareous algae,five stratal sections can be divided.They are discussed from the top to the bottom as follows:1)0.10—212.20 mis assigned to Quaternary;2)214.29—328.69 m belongs to Pleistocene—upper Pliocene;3)330.97—598.12 m is divided into lower Pliocene―upper Miocene;4)599.53—1231.62 m is assigned to middle Miocene—lower Miocene;5)1233.62—1267.8 m belongs to lower Miocene.According to the calcareous nannofossils,the age of the interval 0.10—1267.80 mis early Miocene to Quaternary.The discovery of calcareous nannofossils is very important to the biostratigraphic division of well XK1.
引文
Duan Wei-wu(段威武),1982.Distribution of Neogene calcareous nannofossil in Pearl River Mouth Basin and its geological significance.Experimental Petroleum Geology(石油实验地质),4(3):168-175(in Chinese with English abstract).
Duan Wei-wu(段威武),Huang Yong-yang(黄永样),1991.Tertiary calcareous nannofossil biostratigraphy in the North part of the South China Sea.Acta Geologica Sinica(地质学报),65(1):86-98(in Chinese with English abstract).
Gradstein F M,Ogg J G,Smith A G,2012.The Geologic Time Scale 2012.Cambridge:Cambridge University Press.1-1094.
Huang Lü-sheng,1997.Calcareous nannofossil biostratigraphy in the Pearl River Mouth Basin,South China Sea,and Neogene reticulofenestrid coccoliths size distribution pattern.Marine Micropaleontology,32:31-57.
Huang Lü-sheng(黄虑生),1999.Tertiary biostratigraphic framework of Pearl River Mouth Basin.China Offshore Oil and Gas(Geology)[中国海上油气(地质)],13(6):406-414(in Chinese with English abstract).
Jiang Shi-jun(姜仕军),1999.High resolution calcareous nannofossil biostratigraphy and sequence stratigraphy of Well PY27-2-1,Pearl River Mouth Basin.China Offshore Oil and Gas(Geology)[中国海上油气(地质)],13(3):189-195(in Chinese with English abstract).
Liu Chuan-lian(刘传联),Zhu You-hua(祝幼华),Zhao Quan-hong(赵泉鸿),2002.A comparative study of Paleogene lacustrine Microfossils among Pearl River Mouth Basin,Beibuwan Basin and Bohai Gulf Basin.Acta Palaeontologica Sinica(古生物学报),41(2):266-272(in Chinese with English abstract).
Martini E,1971.Standard Tertiary and Quaternary calcareous nannoplankton zonation.In:Farinacci A(ed.),ProceedingⅡPlankton Conference.Roma.1970.2:739-785.
MartinuM,Fio K,Pikelj K,Acic S,2013.Middle Miocene warm-temperate carbonates of Central Paratethys(Mt.Zrinska Gora,Croatia):Paleoenvironmental reconstruction based on bryozoans,coralline red algae,foraminifera,and calcareous nannoplankton.Facies,59:481-504.
Su Xin,Xu Yu-lin,Tu Quiang,2004.Early Oligocene-Pleistocene calcareous nannofossil biostratigraphy of the Northern South China Sea(Leg 184,site 1146-1148).In:Prell W L,Wang P,Blum P,Rea D K,Clemens S C(eds.),Proceedings of the O-cean Drilling Program,Scientific Result Volume 184.1-23.
Wang Chong-you(王崇友),1979.Nannofossils and Creta were found for the first time in Xisha Island,China.Geological Review(地质论评),25(1):52(in Chinese).
Wang Chong-you(王崇友),1985.Neogene nannofossils from the Yongxing Island of the Xisha Islands in South China Sea and their significance.Bulletin of the Institute of Geology,Chinese Academy of Geological Sciences(中国地质科学院地质研究所所刊),11:79-100(in Chinese with English abstract).
Wang Chong-you(王崇友),Cao Yin(曹寅),Xi Ke-tang(奚可棠),1986.A preliminary study on Miocene calcareous nannofossils collected from Zhujiangkou W Hole.Bulletin of the Institute of Geology,Chinese Academy of Geological Sciences(中国地质科学院地质研究所所刊),14:160-172.
Xie Jin-you(谢金有),Zhu You-hua(祝幼华),Mai Wen(麦文),Zhao Peng-xiao(赵鹏肖),2012.The Cenozoic sea-level change in Yinggehai-Qiongdongnan Basin,Northern South China Sea.Marine Origin Petroleum Geology(海相油气地质),17(1):49-55(in Chinese with English abstract).
Xu Yu-lin(徐钰林),1996.Tertiary calcareous nannofossil zones and paleoceanic environments of Pearl River Mouth Basin.In:Hao Yi-chun,Xu Yu-lin,Xu Shi-ce(eds.),Research on Micropalaeontology and Paleoceanography in the Pearl River Mouth Basin,South China Sea.Wuhan:China University of Geology Press.74-82(in Chinese with English abstract).
Zhu You-hua(祝幼华),Chen Fang(陈芳),2007.Review of the Neogene calcareous nannofossil research of the Pearl River Mouth Basin,South China.Acta Micropalaeontologica Sinica(微体古生物学报),24(1):76-81(in Chinese with English abstract).
Duan Wei-wu(段威武),Huang Yong-yang(黄永样),1991.Tertiary calcareous nannofossil biostratigraphy in the North part of the South China Sea.Acta Geologica Sinica(地质学报),65(1):86-98(in Chinese with English abstract).
Gradstein F M,Ogg J G,Smith A G,2012.The Geologic Time Scale 2012.Cambridge:Cambridge University Press.1-1094.
Huang Lü-sheng,1997.Calcareous nannofossil biostratigraphy in the Pearl River Mouth Basin,South China Sea,and Neogene reticulofenestrid coccoliths size distribution pattern.Marine Micropaleontology,32:31-57.
Huang Lü-sheng(黄虑生),1999.Tertiary biostratigraphic framework of Pearl River Mouth Basin.China Offshore Oil and Gas(Geology)[中国海上油气(地质)],13(6):406-414(in Chinese with English abstract).
Jiang Shi-jun(姜仕军),1999.High resolution calcareous nannofossil biostratigraphy and sequence stratigraphy of Well PY27-2-1,Pearl River Mouth Basin.China Offshore Oil and Gas(Geology)[中国海上油气(地质)],13(3):189-195(in Chinese with English abstract).
Liu Chuan-lian(刘传联),Zhu You-hua(祝幼华),Zhao Quan-hong(赵泉鸿),2002.A comparative study of Paleogene lacustrine Microfossils among Pearl River Mouth Basin,Beibuwan Basin and Bohai Gulf Basin.Acta Palaeontologica Sinica(古生物学报),41(2):266-272(in Chinese with English abstract).
Martini E,1971.Standard Tertiary and Quaternary calcareous nannoplankton zonation.In:Farinacci A(ed.),ProceedingⅡPlankton Conference.Roma.1970.2:739-785.
MartinuM,Fio K,Pikelj K,Acic S,2013.Middle Miocene warm-temperate carbonates of Central Paratethys(Mt.Zrinska Gora,Croatia):Paleoenvironmental reconstruction based on bryozoans,coralline red algae,foraminifera,and calcareous nannoplankton.Facies,59:481-504.
Su Xin,Xu Yu-lin,Tu Quiang,2004.Early Oligocene-Pleistocene calcareous nannofossil biostratigraphy of the Northern South China Sea(Leg 184,site 1146-1148).In:Prell W L,Wang P,Blum P,Rea D K,Clemens S C(eds.),Proceedings of the O-cean Drilling Program,Scientific Result Volume 184.1-23.
Wang Chong-you(王崇友),1979.Nannofossils and Creta were found for the first time in Xisha Island,China.Geological Review(地质论评),25(1):52(in Chinese).
Wang Chong-you(王崇友),1985.Neogene nannofossils from the Yongxing Island of the Xisha Islands in South China Sea and their significance.Bulletin of the Institute of Geology,Chinese Academy of Geological Sciences(中国地质科学院地质研究所所刊),11:79-100(in Chinese with English abstract).
Wang Chong-you(王崇友),Cao Yin(曹寅),Xi Ke-tang(奚可棠),1986.A preliminary study on Miocene calcareous nannofossils collected from Zhujiangkou W Hole.Bulletin of the Institute of Geology,Chinese Academy of Geological Sciences(中国地质科学院地质研究所所刊),14:160-172.
Xie Jin-you(谢金有),Zhu You-hua(祝幼华),Mai Wen(麦文),Zhao Peng-xiao(赵鹏肖),2012.The Cenozoic sea-level change in Yinggehai-Qiongdongnan Basin,Northern South China Sea.Marine Origin Petroleum Geology(海相油气地质),17(1):49-55(in Chinese with English abstract).
Xu Yu-lin(徐钰林),1996.Tertiary calcareous nannofossil zones and paleoceanic environments of Pearl River Mouth Basin.In:Hao Yi-chun,Xu Yu-lin,Xu Shi-ce(eds.),Research on Micropalaeontology and Paleoceanography in the Pearl River Mouth Basin,South China Sea.Wuhan:China University of Geology Press.74-82(in Chinese with English abstract).
Zhu You-hua(祝幼华),Chen Fang(陈芳),2007.Review of the Neogene calcareous nannofossil research of the Pearl River Mouth Basin,South China.Acta Micropalaeontologica Sinica(微体古生物学报),24(1):76-81(in Chinese with English abstract).