核燃料裂变产物对临界影响研究
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摘要
本文针对钐、钕、钆和银等4种裂变产物在中试厂核临界安全实验装置上开展了临界实验研究。堆芯的易裂变材料为固液两相存在,固体燃料为二氧化铀,液体燃料为硝酸铀酰。固体燃料棒采用六角形方式排布,浸泡在硝酸铀酰溶液中。将临界实验测量结果与蒙特卡罗程序MONK的理论计算结果进行比较。结果表明:理论计算结果与临界实验测量结果符合较好;裂变产物样品引入的负反应性价值非常可观,能谱变化显示裂变产物样品对中子的吸收在热能点以下能区起决定性作用。
Critical experiments on the four fission products including Ag,Sm,Gd and Nd were conducted on uranyl nitrate solution experiment facility.The fissile material of the core was solid-liquid two-phase,solid fuel was uranium dioxide and liquid fuel was uranyl nitrate.The fuel rods were arranged in hexagonal lattice,and were soaked in uranyl nitrate solution.The results of the critical experiment were compared with those of the Monte Carlo code MONK.The theoretical calculation results are in good agreement with the critical experimental results.The negative reactivity worth introduced by the fission product sample is considerable and the spectrum change shows that the absorption of neutrons by the fission product sample plays a conclusive role in the energy region below the thermal energy point.
Critical experiments on the four fission products including Ag,Sm,Gd and Nd were conducted on uranyl nitrate solution experiment facility.The fissile material of the core was solid-liquid two-phase,solid fuel was uranium dioxide and liquid fuel was uranyl nitrate.The fuel rods were arranged in hexagonal lattice,and were soaked in uranyl nitrate solution.The results of the critical experiment were compared with those of the Monte Carlo code MONK.The theoretical calculation results are in good agreement with the critical experimental results.The negative reactivity worth introduced by the fission product sample is considerable and the spectrum change shows that the absorption of neutrons by the fission product sample plays a conclusive role in the energy region below the thermal energy point.
引文
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[9]章秩烽,张巍,朱庆福,等.噪声法测量临界装置温度系数实验研究[J].原子能科学技术,2017,51(10):1 760-1 764.ZHANG Zhifeng,ZHANG Wei,ZHU Qingfu,et al.Study of noise analysis method to measure temperature coefficient of reactivity in critical assembly[J].Atomic Energy Science and Technology,2017,51(10):1 760-1 764(in Chinese).
[10]史永谦.核反应堆中子学实验技术[M].北京:中国原子能出版社,2011:47-51.
[2]SANTAMARINA A,LECONTE P,BERNARD D,et al.Reactivity worth measurement of major fission products in MINERVE LWR lattice experiment[J].Nuclear Science and Engineering,2014,178:562-581.
[3]VEENEMA J J,JANSSEN A J.Small-sample reactivity worths of fission product isotopes and some other materials measured in STEK[R].Netherlands:Netherlands Energy Research Foundation,1976.
[4]International handbook of evaluated criticality safety benchmark experiments,NEA/NSC/DOC(95)03/Ⅳ[R].[S.l.]:Organization for Economic Cooperation and Development,Nuclear Energy Agency,2003.
[5]朱庆福,史永谦,沈雷生,等.铀溶液核临界安全实验装置首次物理启动[J].原子能科学技术,2005,39(4):293-295.ZHU Qingfu,SHI Yongqian,SHEN Leisheng,et al.First start-up of nuclear criticality safety experiment facility for uranyl nitrate solution[J].Atomic Energy Science and Technology,2005,39(4):293-295(in Chinese).
[6]朱庆福,史永谦,胡定胜.核临界安全中的源倍增法研究[J].原子能科学技术,2005,39(2):97-100.ZHU Qingfu,SHI Yongqian,HU Dingsheng.Research on neutron source multiplication method in nuclear critical safety[J].Atomic Energy Science and Technology,2005,39(2):97-100(in Chinese).
[7]朱庆福,史永谦,罗皇达,等.一种测量缓发中子有效份额βeff的方法[J].原子能科学技术,2010,44(6):650-653.ZHU Qingfu,SHI Yongqian,LUO Huangda,et al.A measurement method for effective delayed neutron fraction[J].Atomic Energy Science and Technology,2010,44(6):650-653(in Chinese).
[8]朱庆福,周琦,罗皇达,等.核临界安全中子吸收体干涉效应实验研究[J].原子能科学技术,2010,44(7):825-828.ZHU Qingfu,ZHOU Qi,LUO Huangda,et al.Interfering reaction experiment study of neutron absorber object for nuclear critical safety[J].Atomic Energy Science and Technology,2010,44(7):825-828(in Chinese).
[9]章秩烽,张巍,朱庆福,等.噪声法测量临界装置温度系数实验研究[J].原子能科学技术,2017,51(10):1 760-1 764.ZHANG Zhifeng,ZHANG Wei,ZHU Qingfu,et al.Study of noise analysis method to measure temperature coefficient of reactivity in critical assembly[J].Atomic Energy Science and Technology,2017,51(10):1 760-1 764(in Chinese).
[10]史永谦.核反应堆中子学实验技术[M].北京:中国原子能出版社,2011:47-51.