枣园性诱剂不同放置间距对桃小食心虫诱捕量的影响
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摘要
为了明确用于防治桃小食心虫性诱剂的最佳间隔距离,于2017年在枣园设置5 m、10 m、15 m、20 m、25 m、30 m 6个不同间距的性诱剂诱捕器。结果表明:在山西省太谷县,随时间推移,性诱剂对枣园桃小食心虫的诱捕量总体上呈上升趋势,在7月26日出现诱蛾大高峰,7月6日诱捕量最低。性诱剂间隔距离为25 m时,对桃小食心虫的诱集动态与总诱捕量动态趋势基本一致且明显,与总诱捕量动态的相关性最高(R~2=0.949),最能反映桃小食心虫的发生动态。6个间隔距离的诱捕量差异显著,20 m的诱捕总量最多,大于20 m的间隔距离单盆平均诱捕量较多,小于20 m的间隔距离诱捕量较少。在20～30 m的处理中,25 m时呈现"高-低-高"趋势。诱捕密度随诱捕器间隔距离的增大而减少,回归方程为y=-0.000 08x~3+0.005 5x~2-0.119 4x+0.911 6,5 m和10 m时诱捕密度不稳定,15 m和20 m时趋于稳定,25 m时达到稳定。综上,认为25 m为性诱剂防治枣园桃小食心虫的最佳间隔距离,≤10 m时适合迷向防治,≥20m时适于诱捕防治。
In order to obtain the optimal distance of C.sasakii of sex pheromone traps,we setted sex pheromone traps with six differenttrap spaces,including 5 m,10 m,15 m,20 m,25 m and 30 m,in the jujube orchard in 2017.The results showed that the captures of male C.sasakii generally appeared an upward tendency as time went by in Taigu county,Shanxi province,and itspeak occurred on 26 th July,while the lowest captures of male C.sasakii occurred on 6 th July.When the distance was 25 meters,the occurrence dynamic forattracting male C.sasakii was obviously same with thegeneral regulation,and there was a high correlation on the occurrence dynamic between 25 meters andthegeneral regulation(R~2=0.949),so 25 meters could absolutely reflect the occurrence dynamic of male C.sasakii.There was a significant difference on captures of the six trap spaces,and the total captures of 20 meters was greatest among them.The distance of less than 20 meters,the mean captures were less; the distance was more than 20 meters,the mean captures were more.For the treatment of 20 meters to 30 meters,when it was 25 meters,the trend of captures appears a "high-low-high" tendency.Attracting densityboosts with the decrease of trap space of sex pheromone traps,the regression equation is y=-0.000 08x~3+0.005 5x~2-0.119 4x+0.911 6.When distance was 5 m and 10 m,attracting density was instable.Attracting density tended to stable from 15 to 20 m and reached stability in the distance of 25 m.Therefore,wesuggest that 25 meters be the optimal distance of sex pheromone traps to control C.sasakii,and the distance of less than or equal 10 meters be suitable for mating disruption of C.sasakii,while greater than or equal 20 meters be suitable for attraction.
In order to obtain the optimal distance of C.sasakii of sex pheromone traps,we setted sex pheromone traps with six differenttrap spaces,including 5 m,10 m,15 m,20 m,25 m and 30 m,in the jujube orchard in 2017.The results showed that the captures of male C.sasakii generally appeared an upward tendency as time went by in Taigu county,Shanxi province,and itspeak occurred on 26 th July,while the lowest captures of male C.sasakii occurred on 6 th July.When the distance was 25 meters,the occurrence dynamic forattracting male C.sasakii was obviously same with thegeneral regulation,and there was a high correlation on the occurrence dynamic between 25 meters andthegeneral regulation(R~2=0.949),so 25 meters could absolutely reflect the occurrence dynamic of male C.sasakii.There was a significant difference on captures of the six trap spaces,and the total captures of 20 meters was greatest among them.The distance of less than 20 meters,the mean captures were less; the distance was more than 20 meters,the mean captures were more.For the treatment of 20 meters to 30 meters,when it was 25 meters,the trend of captures appears a "high-low-high" tendency.Attracting densityboosts with the decrease of trap space of sex pheromone traps,the regression equation is y=-0.000 08x~3+0.005 5x~2-0.119 4x+0.911 6.When distance was 5 m and 10 m,attracting density was instable.Attracting density tended to stable from 15 to 20 m and reached stability in the distance of 25 m.Therefore,wesuggest that 25 meters be the optimal distance of sex pheromone traps to control C.sasakii,and the distance of less than or equal 10 meters be suitable for mating disruption of C.sasakii,while greater than or equal 20 meters be suitable for attraction.
引文
[1] 李云瑞.农业昆虫学[M].北京:高等教育出版社,2005:280-282.LI Y R.Agricultural Entomology[M].Beijing:Higher Education Press,2005:280-282.
[2] 裴育公,袁莹.国外对昆虫交尾干扰技术研究[J].北方园艺,1996(5):17-18.PEI Y G,YUAN Y.Research on insect mating interference technology abroad[J].Northern Horticulture,1996(5):17-18.
[3] 郑文德,靳月笑,王曼丽,等.桃小食心虫的发生与防治[J].现代农业科技,2009(14):159-162.ZHENG W D,JIN Y X,WANG M L,et al.Occurrence and control of peach fruit moth[J].Modern Agricultural Science and Technology,2009(14):159-162.
[4] 薛艳花.桃小食心虫成虫行为及其性信息素在枣园应用的研究[D].山西太谷:山西农业大学,2010.XUE Y H.Studies on the adult behavior of Carposina sasakii and its sex pheromone in jujube orchard[D].Taigu Shanxi:Shanxi Agricultural University,2010.
[5] 孟宪佐.我国昆虫信息素研究与应用的进展[J].昆虫知识,2000,37(2):75-84.MENG X Z.Advances in the research and application of insect pheromones in China[J].Chinese Journal of Applied Entomology,2000,37(2):75-84.
[6] 杜家纬.昆虫信息素及其应用[M].北京:中国林业出版社,1988:153-155.DU J W.Insect Pheromones and Their Applications[M].Beijing:China Forestry Publishing House,1988:153-155.
[7] 孟宪佐.昆虫性信息素的应用[J].生物学通报,1997,32(3):46-47.MENG X Z.Application of insect sex pheromones[J].Bulletin of Biology,1997,32(3):46-47.
[8] 赵博光.大袋蛾性信息素分泌的时辰节律和内分泌控制[J].昆虫学报,1988,31(3):236-242.ZHAO B G.Circadian rhythm and endocrine control of sex pheromone secretion in clania variegate snellen(Lepidoptera:Psychidae)[J].Acta Entomologica Sinica,1988,31(3):236-242.
[9] EBBINGHAUS D,LOSEL P M,LINDEMANN M,et al.Detection of major and minor sex pheromone components by the male codling moth Cydia pomonella(Lepidoptera:Tortricidae) [J].Journal of Insect Physiology Entomology,1997,4(1):49-58.
[10] 林文忠,任厚彬,王德全.农地乐防治桃小食心虫的效果及其应用技术[J].辽宁农业科学,2002(6):48.LIN W ZH,REN H B,WANG D Q.Effect and application techniques of Chlorpyrifos for the control of peach fruit borer[J].Liaoning Agricultural Sciences,2002(6):48.
[11] 刘孟英,曾考农,闫忠诚.合成桃小食心虫性信息素的活性鉴定[J].应用昆虫学报,1980(3):10.LIU M Y,ZENG K N,YAN ZH CH.Activity identification of sex pheromone of peach fruit borer[J].Chinese Journal of Applied Entomology,1980(3):10.
[12] TAMAKI Y,HONMA K,KAMAKI K.Sex pheromone of the peach fruit moth,Carposinani ponensis Walsingham(Lepidoptera:Carposinidae) isolation,identification and synthesis[J].Applied Entomology and Zoology,1977,12(1):60-68.
[13] 刘孟英,曾孝农,阎忠诚.桃小食心虫性信息素—顺-7-二十碳烯酮-11和顺-7-十九碳烯酮-11的合成[J].化学学报,1981,39(5):14.LIU M Y,ZENG X N,YAN ZH CH.Synthesis of sex pheromone of Carposina sasakii——(Z)-7-Eicosen-11-one and(Z)-7-Nonadecen-11-one[J].Acta Chimica Sinica,1981,39(5):14.
[14] 刘孟英.昆虫性信息素的研究应用概况[C]//全国生物防治学术讨论会论文集.北京:全国生物防治学术讨论会,1991:19-21.LIU M Y.Research and application of insect sex pheromones[C]//Proceedings of the National Symposium on Biological Control.Beijing:National Symposium on Biological Control,1991:19-21.
[15] 康珍,陈伟.性引诱剂在苹果桃小食心虫测报和防治上的应用试验[J].陕西农业科学,2005(5):48-49.KANG ZH,CHEN W.Application of sex attractant in the prediction and control of Carposina sasakii on apple[J].Shaanxi Journal of Agricultural Sciences,2005(5):48-49.
[16] 杨捷.影响昆虫性信息素防治效果的因素[J].湖北植保,2008(4):54-56.YANG J.Factors affecting the control effect of insect sex pheromones[J].Hubei Plant Protection,2008(4):54-56.
[17] 张实军,王力,王佳军.应用性诱剂防治大枣桃小食心虫[J].北方果树,2006(2):18-19.ZHANG SH J,WANG L,WANG J J.Control of Carposinani ponensis Walsingham with sex hormone for date trees[J].Northern Fruits,2006(2):18-19.
[18] 尹河龙.桃小食心虫性信息素的应用研究[D].山西太谷:山西农业大学,2010.YING H L.Study on the application of sex pheromone of Carposina sasakii[D].Taigu Shanxi:Shanxi Agricultural University,2010.
[19] ZHANG Z,LI X,XUE Y,et al.Increased trapping efficiency for the peach fruit moth Carposina sasakii(Matsumura) with synthetic sex pheromone[J].Agricultural & Forest Entomology,2017,19(4):424-432.
[20] 胡慧建,梁广文.性诱剂作用下小菜蛾成虫空间图式的初步研究[J].昆虫天敌,1998(1):19-23.HU H J,LIANG G W.Study on the spatial patterns of diamondback moth Plutella xylostella (L.) with synthetic sex pheromone[J].Natural Enemies of Insects,1998(1):19-23.
[2] 裴育公,袁莹.国外对昆虫交尾干扰技术研究[J].北方园艺,1996(5):17-18.PEI Y G,YUAN Y.Research on insect mating interference technology abroad[J].Northern Horticulture,1996(5):17-18.
[3] 郑文德,靳月笑,王曼丽,等.桃小食心虫的发生与防治[J].现代农业科技,2009(14):159-162.ZHENG W D,JIN Y X,WANG M L,et al.Occurrence and control of peach fruit moth[J].Modern Agricultural Science and Technology,2009(14):159-162.
[4] 薛艳花.桃小食心虫成虫行为及其性信息素在枣园应用的研究[D].山西太谷:山西农业大学,2010.XUE Y H.Studies on the adult behavior of Carposina sasakii and its sex pheromone in jujube orchard[D].Taigu Shanxi:Shanxi Agricultural University,2010.
[5] 孟宪佐.我国昆虫信息素研究与应用的进展[J].昆虫知识,2000,37(2):75-84.MENG X Z.Advances in the research and application of insect pheromones in China[J].Chinese Journal of Applied Entomology,2000,37(2):75-84.
[6] 杜家纬.昆虫信息素及其应用[M].北京:中国林业出版社,1988:153-155.DU J W.Insect Pheromones and Their Applications[M].Beijing:China Forestry Publishing House,1988:153-155.
[7] 孟宪佐.昆虫性信息素的应用[J].生物学通报,1997,32(3):46-47.MENG X Z.Application of insect sex pheromones[J].Bulletin of Biology,1997,32(3):46-47.
[8] 赵博光.大袋蛾性信息素分泌的时辰节律和内分泌控制[J].昆虫学报,1988,31(3):236-242.ZHAO B G.Circadian rhythm and endocrine control of sex pheromone secretion in clania variegate snellen(Lepidoptera:Psychidae)[J].Acta Entomologica Sinica,1988,31(3):236-242.
[9] EBBINGHAUS D,LOSEL P M,LINDEMANN M,et al.Detection of major and minor sex pheromone components by the male codling moth Cydia pomonella(Lepidoptera:Tortricidae) [J].Journal of Insect Physiology Entomology,1997,4(1):49-58.
[10] 林文忠,任厚彬,王德全.农地乐防治桃小食心虫的效果及其应用技术[J].辽宁农业科学,2002(6):48.LIN W ZH,REN H B,WANG D Q.Effect and application techniques of Chlorpyrifos for the control of peach fruit borer[J].Liaoning Agricultural Sciences,2002(6):48.
[11] 刘孟英,曾考农,闫忠诚.合成桃小食心虫性信息素的活性鉴定[J].应用昆虫学报,1980(3):10.LIU M Y,ZENG K N,YAN ZH CH.Activity identification of sex pheromone of peach fruit borer[J].Chinese Journal of Applied Entomology,1980(3):10.
[12] TAMAKI Y,HONMA K,KAMAKI K.Sex pheromone of the peach fruit moth,Carposinani ponensis Walsingham(Lepidoptera:Carposinidae) isolation,identification and synthesis[J].Applied Entomology and Zoology,1977,12(1):60-68.
[13] 刘孟英,曾孝农,阎忠诚.桃小食心虫性信息素—顺-7-二十碳烯酮-11和顺-7-十九碳烯酮-11的合成[J].化学学报,1981,39(5):14.LIU M Y,ZENG X N,YAN ZH CH.Synthesis of sex pheromone of Carposina sasakii——(Z)-7-Eicosen-11-one and(Z)-7-Nonadecen-11-one[J].Acta Chimica Sinica,1981,39(5):14.
[14] 刘孟英.昆虫性信息素的研究应用概况[C]//全国生物防治学术讨论会论文集.北京:全国生物防治学术讨论会,1991:19-21.LIU M Y.Research and application of insect sex pheromones[C]//Proceedings of the National Symposium on Biological Control.Beijing:National Symposium on Biological Control,1991:19-21.
[15] 康珍,陈伟.性引诱剂在苹果桃小食心虫测报和防治上的应用试验[J].陕西农业科学,2005(5):48-49.KANG ZH,CHEN W.Application of sex attractant in the prediction and control of Carposina sasakii on apple[J].Shaanxi Journal of Agricultural Sciences,2005(5):48-49.
[16] 杨捷.影响昆虫性信息素防治效果的因素[J].湖北植保,2008(4):54-56.YANG J.Factors affecting the control effect of insect sex pheromones[J].Hubei Plant Protection,2008(4):54-56.
[17] 张实军,王力,王佳军.应用性诱剂防治大枣桃小食心虫[J].北方果树,2006(2):18-19.ZHANG SH J,WANG L,WANG J J.Control of Carposinani ponensis Walsingham with sex hormone for date trees[J].Northern Fruits,2006(2):18-19.
[18] 尹河龙.桃小食心虫性信息素的应用研究[D].山西太谷:山西农业大学,2010.YING H L.Study on the application of sex pheromone of Carposina sasakii[D].Taigu Shanxi:Shanxi Agricultural University,2010.
[19] ZHANG Z,LI X,XUE Y,et al.Increased trapping efficiency for the peach fruit moth Carposina sasakii(Matsumura) with synthetic sex pheromone[J].Agricultural & Forest Entomology,2017,19(4):424-432.
[20] 胡慧建,梁广文.性诱剂作用下小菜蛾成虫空间图式的初步研究[J].昆虫天敌,1998(1):19-23.HU H J,LIANG G W.Study on the spatial patterns of diamondback moth Plutella xylostella (L.) with synthetic sex pheromone[J].Natural Enemies of Insects,1998(1):19-23.