三叠系油藏不同层系水质配伍性研究
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摘要
三叠系油藏采用污水注水开采过程中,水中Ba~(2+)和Sr~(2+)致使油藏储层及注水管线结垢,严重影响了油田开发效率。在对该油藏水质分析的基础上,利用结晶动力学详细研究了不同层系水质混配的结垢机理及配伍性特征。试验结果表明:三叠系油藏水质均为CaCl_2水型,且水中Ba~(2+)和Sr~(2+)含量少(0～137.71 mg/L),SO_4~(2-)含量变化较大(22.72～604.03 mg/L)。结垢趋势预测结果表明:长6-白153与其他层系水质混配均易形成BaSO_4沉淀,且长6-白153与长3-白464、长4+5-白409、长8-元476和长9-元427的地层水分别在体积比2∶8、4∶6、5∶5、4∶6混配时结垢量最大,可达到841.08 mg/L;三叠系油藏不同层系水质混配存在不配伍现象,垢样主要由质量分数约80%的硫酸钡和约20%的碳酸钙组成。
In the Triassic reservoirs,during the extraction process of sewage injection,Ba~(2+) and Sr~(2+) in the water cause fouling of reservoirs and water injection pipelines,which seriously affects the oilfield development efficiency. On the basis of water quality analysis and scaling prediction in the reservoir,the scaling mechanism and compatibility characteristics of water quality mixed in different strata are studied in detail by using the law of crystal dynamics. The experimental results show that the water quality of the Triassic oil layer is CaCl_2 water type,the content of Ba~(2+) and Sr~(2+) is low( 0-137.71 mg/L),and SO_4~(2-) changes greatly( 22.72-604.03 mg/L) in the formation water. According to the prediction of fouling tendency,the mixture of Chang 6-B 153 and other layers is liable to form BaSO_4 precipitates. The amount of scaling is the largest when the volume ratio of formation water of Chang 6-B 153 mixed with Chang 3-B 464,Chang 4+5-B 409,Chang 8-Y 476 and Chang 9-Y 427 is 2 ∶8,4 ∶6,5 ∶5 and 4 ∶6,respectively,and the largest scaling amount can reach 841.08 mg/L. There is incompatibility in water quality mixing of different strata in Triassic reservoir. The scale sample consists mainly of barium sulfate with a mass fraction of about 80% and calcium carbonate with a mass fraction of about 20%.
In the Triassic reservoirs,during the extraction process of sewage injection,Ba~(2+) and Sr~(2+) in the water cause fouling of reservoirs and water injection pipelines,which seriously affects the oilfield development efficiency. On the basis of water quality analysis and scaling prediction in the reservoir,the scaling mechanism and compatibility characteristics of water quality mixed in different strata are studied in detail by using the law of crystal dynamics. The experimental results show that the water quality of the Triassic oil layer is CaCl_2 water type,the content of Ba~(2+) and Sr~(2+) is low( 0-137.71 mg/L),and SO_4~(2-) changes greatly( 22.72-604.03 mg/L) in the formation water. According to the prediction of fouling tendency,the mixture of Chang 6-B 153 and other layers is liable to form BaSO_4 precipitates. The amount of scaling is the largest when the volume ratio of formation water of Chang 6-B 153 mixed with Chang 3-B 464,Chang 4+5-B 409,Chang 8-Y 476 and Chang 9-Y 427 is 2 ∶8,4 ∶6,5 ∶5 and 4 ∶6,respectively,and the largest scaling amount can reach 841.08 mg/L. There is incompatibility in water quality mixing of different strata in Triassic reservoir. The scale sample consists mainly of barium sulfate with a mass fraction of about 80% and calcium carbonate with a mass fraction of about 20%.
引文
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[14] 杨旭,李刚.油田注入水配伍性及阻垢实验研究[J].油田化学,1992(4):337-341.
[15] 张蕾,屈撑囤,李彦.成垢动力学研究进展[J].石油化工应用,2015,34(9):1-6.
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[18] ZHANG Y P, SHAW H, FARQUHAR R, et al. The kinetics of carbonate scaling: application for the prediction of downhole carbonate scaling[J]. Journal of Petroleum Science and Engineering, 2001, 29(2):85-95.
[19] MERDHAH A B B, MOHD YASSIN A A. Low-sulfate seawater injection into oil reservoir to avoid scaling problem[J]. Journal of Applied Sciences, 2008, 8(7):1169-1178.
[20] 郭书海,刘宇,胡金选,等.采油污水回注系统高效缓蚀阻垢剂[J].辽宁工程技术大学学报(自然科学版), 2009, 28(4):641-644.
[21] 雷雨希,张志全,陈汪洋,等.长庆油田采出水杀菌与缓蚀阻垢处理实验[J].油气田地面工程,2015,34(11):27-29.
[2] LAM P G. Scaling issues in ferroelectric barium strontium titanate tunable planar capacitors[J]. IEEE Transactions on Ultrasonics, Ferroelectrics, and Frequency Control, 2012(2):198-204.
[3] BEDRIKOVETSKY P, SILVA R M P, DAHER J S, et al. Well-data-based prediction of productivity decline due to sulphate scaling[J]. Journal of Petroleum Science & Engineering, 2009(1/2):60-70.
[4] 尹先清,伍家忠,王正良.油田注入水碳酸钙垢结垢机理分析与结垢预测[J].石油勘探与开发,2002(3):85-87.
[5] 严云奎.川口油田长6油层注水开发实践与认识[J].钻采工艺,2006(6):44-46.
[6] 刘丝雨,屈撑囤,王骏迪,等.油田采出水结垢及配伍性实验理论研究[J].广州化工,2014,42(14):46-48.
[7] 吴新民,付伟.姬塬油田注入水与地层水配伍性研究[J].油田化学,2012,29(1):33-37.
[8] 薛瑾利,屈撑囤.河水与长6地层水混合特征研究[J].油田化学,2014,31(2):299-302.
[9] LIN J, WEN Z Y, XU X G. Characterization and improvement of water compatibility of γ-LiAlO2 ceramic breeders[J]. Fusion Engineering and Design, 2010, 85(7):1162-1166.
[10] LIU S Y, QU C T, WANG J D. The progress of scale problems and compatibility experiment study in oilfield water treatment[J]. Advanced Materials Research, 2014, 1004/1005:653-656.
[11] 罗明良,蒲春生,董经武,等.无机结垢趋势预测技术在油田开采中的应用[J].油田化学,2000(3):208-211.
[12] 卞超锋,朱其佳,陈武,等.油田注入水源与储层的化学配伍性研究[J].化学与生物工程,2006(7):48-50.
[13] 王骏骐,史长平,史付平.注入水配伍性静态试验评价方法研究——以中原油田文三污水处理站处理水配伍性评价为例[J].石油天然气学报,2010,32(4):135-139.
[14] 杨旭,李刚.油田注入水配伍性及阻垢实验研究[J].油田化学,1992(4):337-341.
[15] 张蕾,屈撑囤,李彦.成垢动力学研究进展[J].石油化工应用,2015,34(9):1-6.
[16] 曾玉彬,李慧敏,牛庆华,等.高盐度水中碳酸钙结晶速率常数影响因素研究[J].江汉石油学院学报,2001(2):56-57.
[17] 张小霓,于萍,罗运柏.溶液电导率法对碳酸钙结晶动力学的研究[J].应用化学,2004(2):187-191.
[18] ZHANG Y P, SHAW H, FARQUHAR R, et al. The kinetics of carbonate scaling: application for the prediction of downhole carbonate scaling[J]. Journal of Petroleum Science and Engineering, 2001, 29(2):85-95.
[19] MERDHAH A B B, MOHD YASSIN A A. Low-sulfate seawater injection into oil reservoir to avoid scaling problem[J]. Journal of Applied Sciences, 2008, 8(7):1169-1178.
[20] 郭书海,刘宇,胡金选,等.采油污水回注系统高效缓蚀阻垢剂[J].辽宁工程技术大学学报(自然科学版), 2009, 28(4):641-644.
[21] 雷雨希,张志全,陈汪洋,等.长庆油田采出水杀菌与缓蚀阻垢处理实验[J].油气田地面工程,2015,34(11):27-29.