LNG储罐罐体结构与载荷的关联性
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摘要
随着LNG产业的发展,LNG储罐日趋大型化,储罐的拱顶稳定性问题备受重视。为了研究罐体和罐体载荷对拱顶稳定性的影响,以容积为10 000 m3的LNG单容罐为例,采用有限元法对储罐拱顶稳定性进行罐体结构及载荷关联性分析。在进行结构关联性分析时,比较了不同约束下单独拱顶模型与含罐体的完整结构有限元模型的拱顶临界载荷,发现约束形式对拱顶刚度的影响较大,含罐体完整结构有限元模型能够给出对拱顶的实际位移约束,计算结果更为合理。在进行载荷关联性分析时,提出了一种分析计算方法,分析了罐体各种载荷工况对拱顶稳定性的影响,结果表明:罐体载荷降低了拱顶的稳定性,校核拱顶稳定性时应予以充分考虑。研究成果可为LNG储罐罐体稳定性研究提供理论基础。
With the development of LNG industry, LNG storage tanks get upsizing increasingly and correspondingly the stability of its dome roof is much concerned. In this paper, a 10 000 m3 single capacity LNG storage tank was taken as an example to investigate the effect of the storage tank and tank load on the stability of dome roof. Relevance analysis of tank structure and load was carried out on the stability of the dome roof of storage tank by means of finite element method. When the structural relevance analysis was conducted, the critical load of dome roof in the dome roof only model under different constrains was compared with that in the finite element model of complete structure with the tank. It is indicated that constraints have more effects on the stiffness of the dome roof, and the finite element model of complete structure with the tank can provide the real displacement constraints to the dome roof, so its calculation results are more reasonable. During load relevance analysis, a new analytical calculation method was proposed to analyze the effect of different tank loads on the stability of dome roof. It is revealed that the existence of tank load reduces the stability of dome roof, so it shall be fully considered when the stability of dome roof is checked. The research results can provide the theoretical basis for the study on the stability of LNG tanks.
With the development of LNG industry, LNG storage tanks get upsizing increasingly and correspondingly the stability of its dome roof is much concerned. In this paper, a 10 000 m3 single capacity LNG storage tank was taken as an example to investigate the effect of the storage tank and tank load on the stability of dome roof. Relevance analysis of tank structure and load was carried out on the stability of the dome roof of storage tank by means of finite element method. When the structural relevance analysis was conducted, the critical load of dome roof in the dome roof only model under different constrains was compared with that in the finite element model of complete structure with the tank. It is indicated that constraints have more effects on the stiffness of the dome roof, and the finite element model of complete structure with the tank can provide the real displacement constraints to the dome roof, so its calculation results are more reasonable. During load relevance analysis, a new analytical calculation method was proposed to analyze the effect of different tank loads on the stability of dome roof. It is revealed that the existence of tank load reduces the stability of dome roof, so it shall be fully considered when the stability of dome roof is checked. The research results can provide the theoretical basis for the study on the stability of LNG tanks.
引文
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[14]张翀宇.原油储罐有缺陷状态下结构稳定性的研究[J].装备制造技术,2016(11):161-164.ZHANG C Y.Study on the structural stability of crude oil tank with defective condition[J].Equipment Manufacturing Technology,2016(11):161-164.
[15]朱忠义,董石麟.单层穹顶网壳结构的几何非线性跳跃失稳及分歧屈曲的研究[J].空间结构,1995,1(2):8-17.ZHU Z Y,DONG S L.The geometrically nonlinear snapping through and bifurcation buckling of single-layer latticed dome[J].Spatial Structures,1995,1(2):8-17.
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[19]黄勇力.约束条件对罐顶球面网壳变形和外压稳定的影响[J].石油化工设备技术,2011,32(3):44-46.HUANG Y L.Influence of constraint conditions on the deformation and stability of reticulated spherical shell for storage tank under external pressure[J].Petro-chemical Equipment Technology,2011,32(3):44-46.
[20]庄舰,熊瑞斌.基于有限元方法的大型储油罐顶网壳稳定性分析[J].机械科学与技术,2012,31(9):1490-1493.ZHUANG J,XIONG R B.Stability analysis of the large reticulated shell based on the finite element method[J].Mechanical Science and Technology,2012,31(9):1490-1493.
[21]吴云芳,李忠轶,余洋.基于神经网络算法的大跨度双层扭网壳的设计[J].重庆建筑大学学报,2006,28(3):67-70.WU Y F,LI Z T,YU Y.Design of double layer torsional reticulated shell using back-propagation neural network[J].Journal of Chongqing Jianzhu University,2006,28(3):67-70.
[22]单鲁阳,严慧.大跨度双层圆柱面网壳结构的优化分析[J].建筑结构学报,1999,20(6):47-55.SHAN L Y,YAN H.Optimal analysis of large span doublelayer barrel vaults[J].Journal of Building Structures,1999,20(6):47-55.
[23]张竟乐,赵金城.节点刚度对凯威特型单层球面网壳稳定性的影响[J].空间结构,2004,10(2):43-45.ZHANG J L,ZHAO J C.The influence of joint stiffness exerted on the stability of Kiewitte-type single-layer reticulated shells[J].Spatial Structures,2004,10(2):43-45.
[24]李元齐,沈祖炎.大跨度拱支网壳结构体系及静力性能研究[J].浙江大学学报(工学版),2001,35(6):645-650.LI Y Q,SHEN Z Y.Arch-supported reticulated shell structures and their mechanical behaviors[J].Journal of Zhejiang University(Engineering Science),2001,35(6):645-650.
[2]王彬.大型立式圆筒形储罐拱架应力强度计算[J].化工设计,2009,19(4):23-26.WANG B.Stress intensity calculation of arch frame structure for large-scale vertical cylindrical tank[J].Chemical Engineering Design,2009,19(4):23-26.
[3]尹晔昕,王瑜.大型拱顶储罐的有限元计算[J].油气储运,2003,22(1):23-26.YIN Y X,WANG Y.FEM calculation on large-scale storage tank with dome roofs[J].Oil&Gas Storage and Transportation,2003,22(1):23-26.
[4]刘佳,陈叔平,刘福录,等.大型液化天然气储罐拱顶应力分析[J].石油化工设备,2013,42(5):19-23.LIU J,CHEN S P,LIU F L,et al.Stress analysis of vault of large-scale liquefied natural gas storage tank[J].Petro-chemical Equipment,2013,42(5):19-23.
[5]任永平,任金平,刘福录,等.大型LNG单容罐罐顶网壳结构有限元分析[J].油气储运,2011,34(6):636-640.REN Y P,REN J P,LIU F L,et al.Finite element analysis of the roof latticed shell structure for large scale single capacity LNGtank[J].Oil&Gas Storage and Transportation,2011,34(6):636-640.
[6]翟希梅,王恒.LNG储罐穹顶带钢板网壳施工全过程稳定性分析[J].哈尔滨工业大学学报,2015,47(4):31-36.ZHAI X M,WANG H.Complete process analysis of reticulated dome with steel plates of LNG tank in the construction period[J].Journal of Harbin Institute of Technology,2015,47(4):31-36.
[7]何旺,徐璐明,杨金林,等.基于ANSYS的油罐拱顶与罐壁关联性分析[J].后勤工程学院学报,2015,31(3):54-57.HE W,XU L M,YANG J L,et al.Relevance analysis of dome roof and wall of oil tank based on ANSYS[J].Journal of Logistical Engineering University,2015,31(3):54-57.
[8]黄斌,毛文筠.铺钢板肋环型网壳的稳定性研究[J].空间结构,2007,13(4):7-10.HUANG B,MAO W J.Stability research of latticed dome with steel plates[J].Spatial Structures,2007,13(4):7-10.
[9]曹正罡,范峰,沈世钊.单层球面网壳结构弹塑性稳定性能研究[J].工程力学,2007,24(5):17-23.CAO Z G,FAN F,SHEN S Z.Elasto-plastic stability analysis of single layer latticed domes[J].Engineering Mechanics,2007,24(5):17-23.
[10]曹力慧,宋延杰,郑建华,等.LNG储罐罐顶施工全过程分析的网壳结构优化设计[J].化工设计,2012,22(5):37-40.CAO L H,SONG Y J,ZHENG J H,et al.Net shell structure optimization design of whole process analysis of LNG storage tank roof construction[J].Chemical Engineering Design,2012,22(5):37-40.
[11]黄旎.球-环-锥旋转组合壳强度和稳定性研究[D].北京:中国舰船研究院,2012:47-90.HUANG N.Strength and stability analyses for sphere-toroidcone rotational shells[D].Beijing:China Ship Research and Development Academy,2012:47-90.
[12]徐君臣,吴云龙,沈鋆,等.带几何缺陷拱顶球壳的稳定性分析[J].化工装备技术,2017,38(6):28-32.XU J C,WU Y L,SHEN Y,et al.Stability analysis of spherical shell of dome roof tank with geometric imperfections[J].Chemical Equipment Technology,2017,38(6):28-32.
[13]陈志平,冯文卓,刘力歌,等.大型拱顶网壳储罐结构设计与稳定性计算[J].机械工程学报,2015,51(6):36-44.CHEN Z P,FENG W Z,LIU L G,et al.Structure design and stability calculation of large storage tanks with a reticulated shell dome[J].Journal of Mechanical Engineering,2015,51(6):36-44.
[14]张翀宇.原油储罐有缺陷状态下结构稳定性的研究[J].装备制造技术,2016(11):161-164.ZHANG C Y.Study on the structural stability of crude oil tank with defective condition[J].Equipment Manufacturing Technology,2016(11):161-164.
[15]朱忠义,董石麟.单层穹顶网壳结构的几何非线性跳跃失稳及分歧屈曲的研究[J].空间结构,1995,1(2):8-17.ZHU Z Y,DONG S L.The geometrically nonlinear snapping through and bifurcation buckling of single-layer latticed dome[J].Spatial Structures,1995,1(2):8-17.
[16]赵慧磊.大型储罐外压稳定性分析[D].北京:北京化工大学,2011:23-29.ZHAO H L.Study of stability of large tank subjected to external pressure[D].Beijing:Beijing University of Chemical Technology,2011:23-29.
[17]王志军,刘南科.结构非线性分析中的弧长控制法研究[C].北京:第七届全国结构工程学术会议,1998:401-405.WANG Z J,LIU N K.Arc-length control method research on structure nonlinear analysis[C].Beijing:The 7th National Conference on Structure Engineering,1998:401-405.
[18]汪优,徐智棋,黄靓.结构屈曲分析中的改进弧长控制法[J].中外建筑,2007,24(1):170-171.WANG Y,XU Z Q,HUANG L.Arc-length control method research on structure buckling analysis[J].Chinese and Overseas Architecture,2007,24(1):170-171.
[19]黄勇力.约束条件对罐顶球面网壳变形和外压稳定的影响[J].石油化工设备技术,2011,32(3):44-46.HUANG Y L.Influence of constraint conditions on the deformation and stability of reticulated spherical shell for storage tank under external pressure[J].Petro-chemical Equipment Technology,2011,32(3):44-46.
[20]庄舰,熊瑞斌.基于有限元方法的大型储油罐顶网壳稳定性分析[J].机械科学与技术,2012,31(9):1490-1493.ZHUANG J,XIONG R B.Stability analysis of the large reticulated shell based on the finite element method[J].Mechanical Science and Technology,2012,31(9):1490-1493.
[21]吴云芳,李忠轶,余洋.基于神经网络算法的大跨度双层扭网壳的设计[J].重庆建筑大学学报,2006,28(3):67-70.WU Y F,LI Z T,YU Y.Design of double layer torsional reticulated shell using back-propagation neural network[J].Journal of Chongqing Jianzhu University,2006,28(3):67-70.
[22]单鲁阳,严慧.大跨度双层圆柱面网壳结构的优化分析[J].建筑结构学报,1999,20(6):47-55.SHAN L Y,YAN H.Optimal analysis of large span doublelayer barrel vaults[J].Journal of Building Structures,1999,20(6):47-55.
[23]张竟乐,赵金城.节点刚度对凯威特型单层球面网壳稳定性的影响[J].空间结构,2004,10(2):43-45.ZHANG J L,ZHAO J C.The influence of joint stiffness exerted on the stability of Kiewitte-type single-layer reticulated shells[J].Spatial Structures,2004,10(2):43-45.
[24]李元齐,沈祖炎.大跨度拱支网壳结构体系及静力性能研究[J].浙江大学学报(工学版),2001,35(6):645-650.LI Y Q,SHEN Z Y.Arch-supported reticulated shell structures and their mechanical behaviors[J].Journal of Zhejiang University(Engineering Science),2001,35(6):645-650.