昌吉油田冷采稠油回掺热水集输特性
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摘要
为适应注水冷采稠油地面集输要求,昌吉油田下设吉7井区采用了回掺热水集输工艺。随着产能建设规模的不断扩大,吉7井区出现了油井掺水温度和压力较低、掺水量过大等问题。通过统计现场相关生产数据,分析了油井掺水量的主要影响因素,计算了回掺热水集输过程中的热力损失,并进行了部分油井的停掺热水试验。结果表明:油井回掺水量主要受油井集输管长影响;掺水集输管道的保温效果较差,热力损失较为严重;在停掺热水集输过程中,井口采出液存在较明显的段塞流,极易造成油井采出液集输困难。研究成果可为昌吉油田冷采稠油的现场管理和工艺优化提供理论指导。(图7,表1,参20)
In order to adapt to the surface gathering requirement of heavy oil cold production, the gathering process based on the reinjection of hot water is adopted in Wellblock Ji-7 of Changji Oilfield. With the continuous expansion of the productivity construction scale, a series of problems occur in Wellblock Ji-7. For example, the temperature and pressure of the blending hot water in the oil wells are lower, and the quantity of the blending hot water is too large. In this paper, the relevant field production data was statistically analyzed. Then, the major factors influencing the quantity of blending hot water were analyzed, and the heat loss in the gathering process of blending hot water was calculated. Finally, the experiment on stopping the reinjection of hot water was carried out in some oil wells. It is shown that the quantity of the blending hot water of oil well is mainly affected by the length of gathering pipeline. The gathering pipeline of blending hot water is poorer in heat preservation effect and its heat loss is more serious. In the process of stopping the reinjection of hot water,there is obvious slug flow in the wellhead produced fluid, which tends to make oil gathering and transportation difficult.The research results can provide theoretical guidance for field management and optimization of heavy oil cold production in Changji Oilfield.(7 Figures, 1 Table, 20 References)
In order to adapt to the surface gathering requirement of heavy oil cold production, the gathering process based on the reinjection of hot water is adopted in Wellblock Ji-7 of Changji Oilfield. With the continuous expansion of the productivity construction scale, a series of problems occur in Wellblock Ji-7. For example, the temperature and pressure of the blending hot water in the oil wells are lower, and the quantity of the blending hot water is too large. In this paper, the relevant field production data was statistically analyzed. Then, the major factors influencing the quantity of blending hot water were analyzed, and the heat loss in the gathering process of blending hot water was calculated. Finally, the experiment on stopping the reinjection of hot water was carried out in some oil wells. It is shown that the quantity of the blending hot water of oil well is mainly affected by the length of gathering pipeline. The gathering pipeline of blending hot water is poorer in heat preservation effect and its heat loss is more serious. In the process of stopping the reinjection of hot water,there is obvious slug flow in the wellhead produced fluid, which tends to make oil gathering and transportation difficult.The research results can provide theoretical guidance for field management and optimization of heavy oil cold production in Changji Oilfield.(7 Figures, 1 Table, 20 References)
引文
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[12]赵洪激,刘扬,高林森.树状双管掺热水集输系统参数优化技术[J].石油学报,1997,18(1):104-110.ZHAO H J,LIU Y,GAO L S.A study on optimizing parameters for oil-gas gathering system of tree type double pipes mixing heat water[J].Acta Petrolei Sinica,1997,18(1):104-110.
[13]王崇新,严大凡.双管掺热水集输管网优化运行参数的选择[J].油田地面工程,1990,9(4):19-29.WANG C X,YAN D F.The optimizing parameters selection of double pipes network mixing heat water[J].Oil-Gasfield Surface Engineering,1990,9(4):19-29.
[14]张文东,徐明海.稠油掺热水伴热集输管道热力计算与优化设计[J].石油规划设计,1997,12(5):12-19.ZHANG W D,XU M H.Heat calculation and optimized design for heavy oil gathering line[J].Petroleum Planning&Engineering,1997,12(5):12-19.
[15]王雷振,敬加强,沈晓燕,等.同沟敷设输油管道热力计算[J].管道技术与设备,2015(3):4-9.WANG L Z,JING J Q,SHEN X Y,et al.Thermal calculation of double oil pipelines laid in one ditch[J].Pipeline Technique and Equipment,2015(3):4-9.
[16]BALCERZAK M J,RAYNOR S.Steady state temperature distribution and heat flow in prismatic bars with isothermal boundary conditions[J].International Journal of Heat and Mass Transfer,1961,3(2):113-125.
[17]ZHU H,YANG X,LI J,et al.Simulation analysis of thermal influential factors on crude oil temperature when double pipelines are laid in one ditch[J].Advances in Engineering Software,2013,65(5):23-31.
[18]ALOMAIR O A,ALMUSALLAM A S.Heavy crude oil viscosity reduction and the impact of asphaltene precipitation[J].Energy&Fuels,2013,27(12):7267-7276.
[19]叶俊华,冯小刚,单国平,等.吉7深层稠油集输及处理参数工艺优化[J].石油石化节能,2018,8(3):16-18.YE J H,FENG X G,SHAN G P,et al.Process optimization of gathering and treatment parameters of deep buried heavy oil in Ji-7 well area[J].Energy Conservation in Petroleum&Petrochemical Industry,2018,8(3):16-18.
[20]马猛,王聪,张永学,等.高含水稠油预分离用分离器水力特性研究[J].石油机械,2017,45(2):73-77.MA M,WANG C,ZHANG Y X,et al.Study on hydraulic characteristics of the hydrocyclone for preliminary separation of high water cut heavy oil[J].China Petroleum,Machinery,2017,45(2):73-77.
[2]杨新平,汪洋,张利锋,等.新疆油田超稠油蒸汽吞吐产量递减率预测新方法[J].特种油气藏,2017,24(1):96-100.YANG X P,WANG Y,ZHANG L F,et al.New techniques for prediction of productivity reduction in extra-heavy oil development through steam soaking in the Xinjiang Oilfield[J].Special Oil&Gas Reservoirs,2017,24(1):96-100.
[3]李建财,单国平,李超,等.昌吉油田冷采稠油回掺热水降黏集输工艺[J].油气储运,2014,33(2):211-215.LI J C,SHAN G P,LI C,et al.Heavy oil cold production gathering process after reducing viscosity through reinjection of hot water in Changji Oilfield[J].Oil&Gas Storage and Transportation,2014,33(2):211-215.
[4]张侃毅,李阳.中深层稠油冷采开发地面集输工艺[J].油气田地面工程,2014,33(5):70-71.ZHANG K Y,LI Y.Medium-deep heavy oil cold mining development ground gathering and transportation process[J].Oil-Gas Field Surface Engineering,2014,33(5):70-71.
[5]张雁翱,崔立元.稠油掺水输送机理研究[J].辽宁化工,2014,43(10):1284-1286.ZHANG Y A,CUI L Y.Study on the mechanism of crude oil transportation by blending water[J].Liaoning Chemical Industry,2014,43(10):1284-1286.
[6]尹娇,唐权龙.对含水稠油掺水乳化降粘的研究[J].辽宁化工,2013,42(10):1206-1208.YIN J,TANG Q L.Research on emulsification and viscosity reduction of water-containing heavy oil by blending water[J].Liaoning Chemical Industry,2013,42(10):1206-1208.
[7]谢建勇,石彦,梁成钢,等.昌吉油田吉7井区稠油油藏注水开发原油黏度界限[J].新疆石油地质,2015,36(6):724-728.XIE J Y,SHI Y,LIANG C G,et al.Approach to deep heavy oil viscosity limit by water flooding process:a case study of wellblock Ji-7 in Changji Oilfield,Junggar Basin[J].Xinjiang Petroleum Geology,2015,36(6):724-728.
[8]陈斌,徐洪军,周冰,等.掺水集输系统掺水量的影响因素研究[J].山东化工,2017,46(1):35-41.CHEN B,XU H J,ZHOU B,et al.Study on the parameters of water-blended crude transportation system[J].Shandong Chemical Industry,2017,46(1):35-41.
[9]敬加强,杨蕾,蒋明佳,等.稠油掺水流动摩阻预测误差根源及对策[J].油气储运,2013,32(11):1151-1156.JING J Q,YANG L,JIANG M J,et al.Causes of error in flow friction prediction on heavy oil blended with water and countermeasures[J].Oil&Gas Storage and Transportation,2013,32(11):1151-1156.
[10]赵洪激,刘扬,郑福全.环形掺热水油气集输管网系统参数计算[J].天然气与石油,1998,16(4):1-5.ZHAO H J,LIU Y,ZHENG F Q.Parameters calculation of circular heatwatered oil&gas gathering pipe network[J].Natural Gas and Oil,1998,16(4):1-5.
[11]刘扬,赵洪激,王平.环形掺热水集输系统优化设计及分析[J].石油学报,1999,20(1):77-81.LIU Y,ZHAO H J,WANG P.An optimizing design and analysis of oil-gas gathering system of ring type mixing heat water[J].Acta Petrolei Sinica,1999,20(1):77-81.
[12]赵洪激,刘扬,高林森.树状双管掺热水集输系统参数优化技术[J].石油学报,1997,18(1):104-110.ZHAO H J,LIU Y,GAO L S.A study on optimizing parameters for oil-gas gathering system of tree type double pipes mixing heat water[J].Acta Petrolei Sinica,1997,18(1):104-110.
[13]王崇新,严大凡.双管掺热水集输管网优化运行参数的选择[J].油田地面工程,1990,9(4):19-29.WANG C X,YAN D F.The optimizing parameters selection of double pipes network mixing heat water[J].Oil-Gasfield Surface Engineering,1990,9(4):19-29.
[14]张文东,徐明海.稠油掺热水伴热集输管道热力计算与优化设计[J].石油规划设计,1997,12(5):12-19.ZHANG W D,XU M H.Heat calculation and optimized design for heavy oil gathering line[J].Petroleum Planning&Engineering,1997,12(5):12-19.
[15]王雷振,敬加强,沈晓燕,等.同沟敷设输油管道热力计算[J].管道技术与设备,2015(3):4-9.WANG L Z,JING J Q,SHEN X Y,et al.Thermal calculation of double oil pipelines laid in one ditch[J].Pipeline Technique and Equipment,2015(3):4-9.
[16]BALCERZAK M J,RAYNOR S.Steady state temperature distribution and heat flow in prismatic bars with isothermal boundary conditions[J].International Journal of Heat and Mass Transfer,1961,3(2):113-125.
[17]ZHU H,YANG X,LI J,et al.Simulation analysis of thermal influential factors on crude oil temperature when double pipelines are laid in one ditch[J].Advances in Engineering Software,2013,65(5):23-31.
[18]ALOMAIR O A,ALMUSALLAM A S.Heavy crude oil viscosity reduction and the impact of asphaltene precipitation[J].Energy&Fuels,2013,27(12):7267-7276.
[19]叶俊华,冯小刚,单国平,等.吉7深层稠油集输及处理参数工艺优化[J].石油石化节能,2018,8(3):16-18.YE J H,FENG X G,SHAN G P,et al.Process optimization of gathering and treatment parameters of deep buried heavy oil in Ji-7 well area[J].Energy Conservation in Petroleum&Petrochemical Industry,2018,8(3):16-18.
[20]马猛,王聪,张永学,等.高含水稠油预分离用分离器水力特性研究[J].石油机械,2017,45(2):73-77.MA M,WANG C,ZHANG Y X,et al.Study on hydraulic characteristics of the hydrocyclone for preliminary separation of high water cut heavy oil[J].China Petroleum,Machinery,2017,45(2):73-77.