苯甲酸功能化石墨烯-Al(OH)_3协同阻燃聚丙烯
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摘要
以氧化石墨(GO)为原料,制备了苯甲酸功能化石墨烯(BFG),采用IR和XRD对BFG结构进行了表征。再将BFG作为阻燃协效剂添加到Al(OH)_3/聚丙烯(PP)中,研究不同质量比的BFG与Al(OH)_3对PP材料阻燃和力学性能的影响。通过对阻燃BFG-Al(OH)_3/PP复合材料进行极限氧指数(LOI)测试、热失重分析、锥形量热分析、拉伸测试及残炭SEM分析,考察BFG-Al(OH)_3/PP复合材料的阻燃性能和力学性能。研究结果表明,与其他阻燃PP相比,1.5wt%BFG-38.5wt%Al(OH)_3/PP的阻燃和力学性能最佳,LOI可达到24.6%,拉伸强度为20.64 MPa,且其热释放速率峰值和总热释放量比纯PP分别降低了51.5%和18.6%。
The graphene functionalized by benzyl acid(BFG)was prepared based on graphene oxide(GO).The structure and morphology of BFG were characterized by IR and XRD.BFG,as a kind of flame retardant synergist,was added to Al(OH)_3/polypropylene(PP),in which Al(OH)_3 was used as the flame retardant.The effect of mass ratio of BFG to Al(OH)_3 on the flame retardancy and mechanical properties of BFG-Al(OH)_3/PP composites was studied.The limiting oxygen index(LOI)test,thermogravimetric analysis,cone calorimetry analysis,tensile test and residual carbon scanning analysis were progressed to investigate the flame retardancy and mechanical properties of BFG-Al(OH)_3/PP composites.The results show that the flame retardancy and mechanical properties of 1.5 wt%BFG-38.5 wt%Al(OH)_3/PP composite are the best,whose LOI is 24.6%,tensile strength is 20.64 MPa,respectively,and its thermal release rate peak and total heat release is reduced by 51.5% and 18.6% compared with the pure PP sample,respectively.
The graphene functionalized by benzyl acid(BFG)was prepared based on graphene oxide(GO).The structure and morphology of BFG were characterized by IR and XRD.BFG,as a kind of flame retardant synergist,was added to Al(OH)_3/polypropylene(PP),in which Al(OH)_3 was used as the flame retardant.The effect of mass ratio of BFG to Al(OH)_3 on the flame retardancy and mechanical properties of BFG-Al(OH)_3/PP composites was studied.The limiting oxygen index(LOI)test,thermogravimetric analysis,cone calorimetry analysis,tensile test and residual carbon scanning analysis were progressed to investigate the flame retardancy and mechanical properties of BFG-Al(OH)_3/PP composites.The results show that the flame retardancy and mechanical properties of 1.5 wt%BFG-38.5 wt%Al(OH)_3/PP composite are the best,whose LOI is 24.6%,tensile strength is 20.64 MPa,respectively,and its thermal release rate peak and total heat release is reduced by 51.5% and 18.6% compared with the pure PP sample,respectively.
引文
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[3]DANG L,NAI X Y,DONG Y P,et al.Functional group effect on flame retardancy,thermal,and mechanical properties of organophosphorus-based magnesium oxysulfate whiskers as a flame retardant in polypropylene[J].RSC Advances,2017,7(35):21655-21665.
[4]ZHENG Z H,LIU Y,ZHANG L,et al.Synergistic effect of expandable graphite and intumescent flame retardants on the flame retardancy and thermal stability of polypropylene[J].Journal of Materials Science,2016,51(12):5857-5871.
[5]王娜,栾鸿赫,张静,等.介孔分子筛和Cr2O3协同膨胀阻燃体系对阻燃天然橡胶性能的影响[J].复合材料学报,2017,34(5):963-969.WANG N,LUAN H H,ZHANG J,et al.Synergistic effects of mesoporous molecular sieve and Cr2O3with intumesce flame retardant on properties of flameretarded natural rubber[J].Acta Materiae Compositae Sinica,2017,34(5):963-969(in Chinese).
[6]WANG N,HU L D,BABU H V,et al.Effect of tea saponin-based intumescent flame retardant on thermal stability,mechanical property and flame retardancy of natural rubber composites[J].Journal of Thermal Analysis and Calorimetry,2017,128(2):1133-1142.
[7]WANG N,XU G,WU Y H,et al.The influence of expandable graphite on double-layered microcapsules in intumescent flame-retardant natural rubber composites[J].Journal of Thermal Analysis and Calorimetry,2016,123(2):1239-1251.
[8]JIN J,WANG H,SHU Z J,et al.Impact of selective dispersion of intumescent flame retardant on properties of polypropylene blends[J].Journal of Materials Science,2017,52(6):3269-3280.
[9]WANG N,WU Y H,MI L,et al.The influence of silicone shell on double-layered microcapsules in intumescent flameretardant natural rubber composites[J].Journal of Thermal Analysis&Calorimetry,2014,118(1):349-357.
[10]WANG N,MI L,WU Y H,et al.Double-layered co-microencapsulated ammonium polyphosphate and mesoporous MCM-41in intumescent flame-retardant natural rubber composites[J].Journal of Thermal Analysis&Calorimetry,2014,115(2):1173-1181.
[11]LIU S,FANG Z P,YAN H Q,et al.Superior flame retardancy of epoxy resin by the combined addition of graphene nanosheets and DOPO[J].RSC Advances,2016,6(7):5288-5295.
[12]CHEN X L,MA C Y,JIAO C M.Synergistic effects between iron-graphene and ammonium polyphosphate in flameretardant thermoplastic polyurethane[J].Journal of Thermal Analysis and Calorimetry,2016,126(2):633-642.
[13]CAI W,FENG X M,HU W Z,et al.Functionalized graphene from electrochemical exfoliation for thermoplastic polyurethane:Thermal stability,mechanical properties,and flame retardancy[J].Industrial&Engineering Chemistry Research,2016,55(40):10681-10689.
[14]YUAN B H,SHENG H B,MU X W,et al.Enhanced flame retardancy of polypropylene by melamine-modified graphene oxide[J].Journal of Materials Science,2015,50(16):5389-5401.
[15]GUI H G,XU P,HU Y D,et al.Synergistic effect of graphene and an ionic liquid containing phosphonium on the thermal stability and flame retardancy of polylactide[J].RSC Advances,2015,5(35):27814-27822.
[16]邢菊香,张勇健,汪根林.油酸功能化石墨烯的制备及其在聚乙烯中的应用[J].工程塑料应用,2013(5):78-81.XING J X,ZHANG Y J,WANG G L.Preparation of oleic acid functionalized graphene and its application in polyethylene[J].Engineering Plastics Application,2013(5):78-81(in Chinese).
[17]JAHAN M,BAO Q L,YANG J X,et al.Structuredirecting role of graphene in the synthesis of metal-organic framework nanowire[J].Journal of the American Chemical Society,2010,132(41):14487-14495.
[18]中国石油和化学工业协会.塑料用氧指数法测定燃烧行为第2部分:室温试验:GB/T 2406.2—2009[S].北京:中国标准出版社,2010.China Petroleum and Chemical Industry Association.Plastics:Determination of burning behavior by oxygen index Part 2:Ambient-temperature test:GB/T 2406.2—2009[S].Beijing:China Standards Press,2010(in Chinese).
[19]American Society for Testing and Materials.Standard test method for tensile properties of plastics:ASTM D638—99[S].West Conshohocken:American Society for Testing and Materials International,1999.
[20]周安东,肖政国,宋瑛林,等.酞菁钴-苯甲酸功能化石墨烯复合材料的制备及非线性光学性能研究[J].安徽大学学报(自科版),2015,39(6):90-95.ZHOU A D,XIAO Z G,SONG Y L,et al.Preparation of cobalt phthalocyanine-benzoicacid-functionalized graphene composite and its nonlinear optical properties[J].Journal of Anhui University(Natural Science Edition),2015,39(6):90-95(in Chinese).
[21]杨勇辉,孙红娟,彭同江,等.石墨烯薄膜的制备和结构表征[J].物理化学学报,2011,27(3):736-742.YANG Y H,SUN H J,PENG T J,et al.Synthesis and structural characterization of graphene-based membranes[J].Acta Physico Chimica Sinica,2011,27(3):736-742(in Chinese).
[22]ZHANG J J,HE S H,LV P R,et al.Processing-morphology-property relationships of polypropylene-graphene nanoplatelets composites[J].Journal of Applied Polymer Science,2016,134(8):44486.