磁化率各向异性在火成岩中的应用
|
摘要
磁化率各向异性(AMS)表征岩石及其组成矿物的低场磁化率在不同方向上的变化.AMS以其高精度、经济省时和无损测量等优点,广泛应用于地学各个领域.火成岩原生的磁组构可用于分析岩石结构,指示熔岩流、火山碎屑流、浅成侵入岩以及深成岩体的岩浆流动方向、侵位方式和岩浆来源,研究岩石在侵位期间经历的构造事件,从而进行火成岩同构造侵位过程的研究;而利用次生磁组构则可分析岩石在侵位期后经历的改造作用.AMS结合传统岩石学、构造学方法,能有效解决特定的地质问题.
The anisotropy of magnetic susceptibility(AMS)of rocks is controlled by preferentially oriented magnetic mineral grains and it contains information about both the grain susceptibilities and the grain orientations.As a rapid and sensitive petrofabric tool,AMS has important applications in petrofabrics, rock magnetism, volcanology, structural geology,metamorphism and tectonics.For igneous rocks,magnetic fabric analysis is a powerful approach for studying emplacement mechanisms and magma sources of effusive,hypabyssal,intrusive and pyroclastic rocks.In addition,it is effectively used to analyze the process of syntectonic emplacement or postintrusive deformation of igneous rocks.Because of the interpretation of AMS might remain ambiguous,it is reasonable to attempt an interpretation that takes other petrofabrics and regional trends into consideration.
The anisotropy of magnetic susceptibility(AMS)of rocks is controlled by preferentially oriented magnetic mineral grains and it contains information about both the grain susceptibilities and the grain orientations.As a rapid and sensitive petrofabric tool,AMS has important applications in petrofabrics, rock magnetism, volcanology, structural geology,metamorphism and tectonics.For igneous rocks,magnetic fabric analysis is a powerful approach for studying emplacement mechanisms and magma sources of effusive,hypabyssal,intrusive and pyroclastic rocks.In addition,it is effectively used to analyze the process of syntectonic emplacement or postintrusive deformation of igneous rocks.Because of the interpretation of AMS might remain ambiguous,it is reasonable to attempt an interpretation that takes other petrofabrics and regional trends into consideration.
引文
Airoldi G,Muirhead J D,White J D L,et al.2011.Emplacement ofmagma at shallow depth:insights from field relationships atAllan Hills,south Victoria Land,East Antarctica[J].Antarctic Science,23(3):281-296.
Airoldi G,Muirhead J D,Zanella E,et al.2012.Emplacementprocess of Ferrar Dolerite sheets at Allan Hills(South VictoriaLand,Antarctica)inferred from magnetic fabric[J].Geophysical Journal International,188(3):1046-1060.
Archanjo C J,Trindade R I,Macedo J W P,et al.2000.Magneticfabric of a basaltic dyke swarm associated with Mesozoic riftingin northeastern Brazil[J].Journal of South American EarthSciences,13(3):179-189.
Aubourg C,Tshoso G,Le Gall B,et al.2008.Magma flowrevealed by magnetic fabric in the Okavango giant dyke swarm,Karoo igneous province,northern Botswana[J].Journal ofVolcanology and Geothermal Research,170(3-4):247-261.
Banerjee S K,Stacey F D.1967.The high-field torque-metermethod of measuring magnetic anisotropy of rocks[C].Amsterdam:Elsevier,470-476.
Benn K,Ham and N M,Pignotta G S,et al.1998.Emplacementand deformation of granites during transpression:magneticfabrics of the Archean Sparrow pluton,Slave Province,Canada[J].Journal of Structural Geology,20(9-10):1247-1259.
Berkowitz A E,Takano K.1999.Exchange anisotropy-a review[J].Journal of Magnetism and Magnetic Materials,200(1-3):552-570.
Borradaile G J,Henry B.1997.Tectonic applications of magneticsusceptibility and its anisotropy[J].Earth-Science Reviews,42(1-2):49-93.
Borradaile G J,Jackson M.2004.Anisotropy of magneticsusceptibility(AMS):magnetic petrofabrics of deformed rocks[C].Geological Society,London,Special Publications,238:299-360.
Borradaile G J.1988.Magnetic susceptibility,petrofabrics andstrain[J].Tectonophysics,156(1-2):1-20.
Borradaile G J.1991.Correlation of strain with anisotropy ofmagnetic susceptibility(AMS)[J].Pure and AppliedGeophysics,135(1):15-29.
Bouchez J L.2000.Anisotropie de susceptibilitémagnétique etfabrique des granites[J].Comptes Rendus de l'Académie desSciences-Series IIA-Earth and Planetary Science,330(1):1-14.
Callot J P,Geoffroy L,Aubourg C,et al.2001.Magma flowdirections of shallow dykes from the East Greenland volcanicmargin inferred from magnetic fabric studies[J].Tectonophysics,335(3-4):313-329.
Callot J P,Geoffroy L.2004.Magma flow in the East Greenlanddyke swarm inferred from study of anisotropy of magneticsusceptibility:magmatic growth of a volcanic margin[J].Geophysical Journal International,159(2):816-830.
Callot J P,Guichet X.2003.Rock texture and magnetic lineation indykes:a simple analytical model[J].Tectonophysics,366(3-4):207-222.
Ca?ón-Tapia E,Herrero-Bervera E.2009.Sampling strategies andthe anisotropy of magnetic susceptibility of dykes[J].Tectonophysics,466(1-2):3-17.
Ca?ón-Tapia E,Pinkerton H.2000.The anisotropy of magneticsusceptibility of lava flows:an experimental approach[J].Journal of Volcanology and Geothermal Research,98(1-4):219-233.
Ca?ón-Tapia E,Walker G P L,Herrero-Bervera E.1996.Theinternal structure of lava flows-insights from AMSmeasurements I:near-vent a'a[J].Journal of Volcanology andGeothermal Research,70(1-2):21-36.
a?ón-Tapia E,Walker G P L,Herrero-Bervera E.1997.The internalstructure of lava flows-insights from AMS measurements II:Hawaiian pahoehoe,toothpaste lava and'a'ā[J].Journal ofVolcanology and Geothermal Research,76(1-2):19-46.
Ca?ón-Tapia E.2004.Anisotropy of magnetic susceptibility of lavaflows and dykes:a historical account[C].Geological Society,London,Special Publications,238:205-225.
Ca?ón-Tapia E.2004.Flow direction and magnetic mineralogy oflava flows from the central parts of the Peninsula of BajaCalifornia,Mexico[J].Bulletin of Volcanology,66(5):431-442.
Ca?ón-Tapia E.2007.Magnetic susceptibility,anisotropy,rockfabric[C].New York:Springer,564-566.
Cas R A F,Wright H M N,Folkes C B,et al.2011.The flowdynamics of an extremely large volume pyroclastic flow,the2.08-Ma Cerro Galán Ignimbrite,NW Argentina,andcomparison with other flow types[J].Bulletin of Volcanology,73(10):1583-1609.
Creixell C,Parada M A,Morata D,et al.2009.The geneticrelationship between mafic dike swarms and plutonic reservoirsin the mesozoic of central chile(30°-33°45′S):insights fromAMS and geochemistry[J].International Journal of EarthSciences,98(1):177-201.
Creixell C,Parada Má,Roperch P,et al.2006.Syntectonicemplacement of the Middle Jurassic Concón Mafic Dike Swarm,Coastal Range,central Chile(33°S)[J].Tectonophysics,425(1-4):101-122.
Curtis M L,Riley T R,Owens W H,et al.2008.The form,distribution and anisotropy of magnetic susceptibility of Jurassicdykes in H.U.Sverdrupfjella,Dronning Maud Land,Antarctica.implications for dyke swarm emplacement[J].Journal of Structural Geology,30(11):1429-1447.
Dragoni M,Lanza R,Tallarico A.1997.Magnetic anisotropyproduced by magma flow:theoretical model and experimentaldata from Ferrar dolerite sills(Antarctica)[J].GeophysicalJournal International,128(1):230-240.
Ellwood B B.1978.Flow and emplacement direction determined forselected basaltic bodies using magnetic susceptibility anisotropymeasurements[J].Earth and Planetary Science Letters,41(3):254-264.
Ellwood B B.1982.Estimates of flow direction for calc-alkalinewelded tuffs and paleomagnetic data reliability from anisotropyof magnetic susceptibility measurements:Central San JuanMountains,southwest Colorado[J].Earth and PlanetaryScience Letters,59(2):303-314.
Elming S A,Mattsson H.2001.Post Jotnian basic Intrusions in theFennoscandian Shield,and the break up of Baltica fromLaurentia:apalaeomagnetic and AMS study[J].PrecambrianResearch,108(3-4):215-236.
Ernst R E,Baragar W R A.1992.Evidence from magnetic fabric forthe flow pattern of magma in the Mackenzie giant radiating dykeswarm[J].Nature,356(6369):511-513.
Geoffroy L,Callot J P,Aubourg C,et al.2002.Magnetic andplagioclase linear fabric discrepancy in dykes:a new way todefine the flow vector using magnetic foliation[J].Terra Nova,14(3):183-190.
Gil-Imaz A,JoséM L S,GaléC,et al.2012.The Permian maficdyke swarm of the Panticosa pluton(Pyrenean Axial Zone,Spain):simultaneous emplacement with the late-Variscanextension[J].Journal of Structural Geology,42:171-183.
Giordano G,Porreca M,Musacchio P,et al.2008.The HoloceneSecche di Lazzaro phreatomagmatic succession(Stromboli,Italy):evidence of pyroclastic density current origin deduced byfacies analysis and AMS flow directions[J].Bulletin ofVolcanology,70(10):1221-1236.
Gleizes G,Crevon G,Asrat A,et al.2006.Structure,age andmode of emplacement of the Hercynian Borderes-Louron pluton(Central Pyrenees,France)[J].International Journal of EarthSciences,95(6):1039-1052.
Graham J W.1954.Magnetic susceptibility anisotropy,anunexploited petrofabric element[J].Bull.Geol.Soc.Am.,65:1257-1258.
Halvorsen E.1974.The magnetic fabric of some dolerite intrusions,northeast Spitsbergen;implications for their mode ofemplacement[J].Earth and Planetary Science Letters,21(2):127-133.
Hargraves R B,Johnson D,Chan C Y.1991.Distributionanisotropy:the cause of AMS in igneous rocks?[J].Geophysical Research Letters,18(12):2193-2196.
Hastie W W,Watkeys M K,Aubourg C.2011.Significance ofmagnetic and petrofabric in Karoo-feeder dykes,northernLebombo[J].Tectonophysics,513(1-4):96-111.
Hrouda F,Chlupacova M,Novak J K.2002.Variations in magneticanisotropy and opaque mineralogy along a kilometer deep profilewithin a vertical dyke of the syenogranite porphyry at Cinovec(Czech Republic)[J].Journal of Volcanology and GeothermalResearch,113(1-2):37-47.
Hrouda F,Jacko S,Hanák J.1988.Parallel magnetic fabrics inmetamorphic,granitoid and sedimentary rocks of the Braniskoand Cierna hora Mountains(E Slovakia)and theirtectonometamorphic control[J].Physics of the Earth andPlanetary Interiors,51(4):271-289.
Hrouda F,Kahan S.1991.The magnetic fabric relationshipbetween sedimentary and basement nappes in the High tatraMountains,N.Slovakia[J].Journal of Structural Geology,13(4):431-442.
Hrouda F.1982.Magnetic anisotropy of rocks and its application ingeology and geophysics[J].Geophysical Surveys,5(1):37-82.
Hrouda F.2002.The use of the anisotropy of magnetic remanencein the resolution of the anisotropy of magnetic susceptibility intoits ferromagnetic and paramagnetic components[J].Tectonophysics,347(4):269-281.
Khan M A.1962.The anisotropy of magnetic susceptibility of someigneous and metamorphic rocks[J].Journal of GeophysicalResearch,67(7):2873-2885.
Kissel C,Laj C,Sigurdsson H,et al.2010.Emplacement of magmain Eastern Iceland dikes:insights from magnetic fabric and rockmagnetic analyses[J].Journal of Volcanology and GeothermalResearch,191(1-2):79-92.
Knight M D,Walker G P L.1988.Magma flow directions in dikesof the Koolau Complex,Oahu,determined from magnetic fabricstudies[J].Journal of Geophysical Research,93(B5):4301-4319.
Laberge R D,Porreca M,Mattei M,et al.2009.Meandering flowof a pyroclastic density current documented by the anisotropy ofmagnetic susceptibility(AMS)in the quartz latite ignimbrite ofthe Pleistocene Monte Cimino volcanic centre(central Italy)[J].Tectonophysics,466(1-2):64-78.
Lanza R,Meloni A.2006.The Earth's Magnetism[M].New York,Berlin:Springer,1-278.
Luo L,Qi J F,Jia D,et al.2013.Magnetic fabric investigation inTianquan-Leshan section in front of Longmenshan fold-thrustbelt and its indicative significance for the Cenozoic deformation[J].Chinese J.Geophys.(in Chinese),56(2):558-566.
Martin-Hernandez F,Luneburg C M,Aubourg C,et al.2004.Magnetic fabric methods and applications[C].GeologicalSociety,London,Special Publications,238:1-7.
Ort M H,Orsi G,Pappalardo L,et al.2003.Anisotropy ofmagnetic susceptibility studies of depositional processes in theCampanian Ignimbrite,Italy[J].Bulletin of Volcanology,65(1):55-72.
Otoh S,Jwa Y J,Nomura R,et al.1999.A preliminary AMS(anisotropy of magnetic susceptibility)study of the Namwongranite,southwest Korea[J].Geosciences Journal,3(1):31-41.
Palmer H C,Macdonald W D.1999.Anisotropy of magneticsusceptibility in relation to source vents of ignimbrites:empirical observations[J].Tectonophysics,307(1-2):207-218.
Pan X Q,Shen Z Y,Chen N H,et al.2011.Emplacementmechanism of diabase dyke swarms in Shengsi island:evidencefrom magnetic anisotropies[J].Chinese J.Geophys.(inChinese),54(12):3269-3279.
Pan X Q,Shen Z Y,Dong C W,et al.2012.Magma flow inferredfrom magnetic fabrics in Wanning gabbro pluton and diabasedykes,Hainan[J].Chin.Sci.Bull.,57(16):1982-1989.
Pan Y X,Zhu R X.1998.The recent progress in magnetic fabrics[J].Progress in Geophysics(in Chinese),13(1):52-59.
Paterson S R,Fowler T K Jr,Schmidt K L,et al.1998.Interpreting magmatic fabric patterns in plutons[J].Lithos,44(1-2):53-82.
Pioli L,Lanza R,Ort M,et al.2008.Magnetic fabric,weldingtexture and strain fabric in the Nuraxi Tuff,Sardinia,Italy[J].Bulletin of Volcanology,70(9):1123-1137.
Plenier G,Camps P,Henry B,et al.2005.Determination of flowdirections by combining AMS and thin-section analyses:implications for Oligocene volcanism in the KerguelenArchipelago(southern Indian Ocean)[J].Geophysical JournalInternational,160(1):63-78.
Plissart G,Diot H,Monnier C,et al.2012.Relationship between asyntectonic granitic intrusion and a shear zone in the SouthernCarpathian-Balkan area(Almj Mountains,Romania):implications for late Variscan kinematics and Cherbelezugranitoid emplacement[J].Journal of Structural Geology,39:83-102.
Raposo M I B,D′Agrella-Filho M S.2000.Magnetic fabrics of dikeswarms from SE Bahia State,Brazil:their significance andimplications for Mesoproterozoic basic magmatism in the SoFrancisco Craton[J].Precambrian Research,99(3-4):309-325.
Raposo M I B,Gastal M C P.2009.Emplacement mechanism of themain granite pluton of the Lavras do Sul intrusive complex,South Brazil,determined by magnetic anisotropies[J].Tectonophysics,466(1-2):18-31.
Rochette P,Jackson M,Auborg C.1992.Rock magnetism and theinterpretation of anisotropy of magnetic susceptibility[J].Rev.Geophys.,30(3):209-226.
Rochette P,Jenatton L,Dupuy C,et al.1991.Diabase dikesemplacement in the Oman ophiolite:a magnetic fabric studywith reference to geochemistry[J].Petrology and StructuralGeology,5:55-82.
Sagnotti L.2011.Megnetic Anisotropy[C].Springer,717-729.
Shi L Q,Pan X Q,Shen Z Y,et al.2012.Discussion onemplacement of Shengsi diabase dyke swarms and the origin ofreverse magnetic fabrics[J].Scientific Journal of Earth Science(in Chinese),2(1):1-7.
Sohn Y K,Son M,Jeong J O,et al.2009.Eruption andemplacement of a laterally extensive,crystal-rich,and pumicefree ignimbrite(the Cretaceous Kusandong Tuff,Korea)[J].Sedimentary Geology,220(3-4):190-203.
Stacey F D.1960.Magnetic anisotropy of igneous rocks[J].Journalof Geophysical Research,65(8):2429-2442.
Symons D T A.1975.Age and flow direction from magneticmeasurements on the historic Aiyansh flow,British Columbia[J].Journal of Geophysical Research,80(17):2622-2626.
Tarling D H,Hrouda F.1993.The Magnetic Anisotropy of Rocks[M].London:Chapman and Hall.
Tauxe L,Gee J S,Staudigel H.1998.Flow directions in dikes fromanisotropy of magnetic susceptibility data:the bootstrap way[J].Journal of Geophysical Research-Solid Earth,103(B8):17775-17790.
TrubacJ,Zák J,ChlupácováM,et al.2009.Magnetic fabric of theRícany granite,Bohemian Massif:a record of helical magmaflow?[J].Journal of Volcanology and Geothermal Research,181(1-2):25-34.
Valentini L,Capaccioni B,Rossi P L,et al.2008.Vent area anddepositional mechanisms of the Upper Member of theNeapolitan Yellow Tuff(Campi Flegrei,Italy):new insightsfrom directional fabric through image analysis[J].Bulletin ofVolcanology,70(9):1087-1101.
Wang X,Roberts J,Schmidt P.2001.Flow directions ofCarboniferous ignimbrites,southern New England Orogen,Australia,using anisotropy of magnetic susceptibility[J].Journal of Volcanology and Geothermal Research,110(1-2):1-25.
Yan G L.1996.The Applications of Anisotropy of MagneticSusceptibility in Geoscience(in Chinese)[M].Wuhan:ChinaUniversity of Geosciences Press.
Zhang S H,Zhou X Q.1999.A review of the application ofanisotropy of susceptibility to Earth Science[J].GeologicalReview(in Chinese),45(6):613-620.
Zhang S W,Ca?ón-Tapia E,Walderhaug H J.2011.Magneticfabric and its significance in the sills and lava flows from Taimyrfold-belt,Arctic Siberia[J].Tectonophysics,505(1-4):68-85.
Zhu R X,Shi C D,Liu Q S.2003.Anisotropy of magneticsusceptibility of Hannuoba basalt,northern China:constraintson the vent position of the lava sequences[J].Geophys.Res.Lett.,30(2):23-26.
罗良,漆家福,贾东,等.2013.龙门山南段山前天全-乐山剖面磁组构研究及其对新生代构造变形的指示意义.地球物理学报,56(2):558-566.
潘小青,沈忠悦,陈宁华,等.2011.嵊泗岛辉绿岩墙群的侵位方式:来自磁组构的证据[J].地球物理学报,54(12):3269-3279.
潘永信,朱日祥.1998.磁组构研究现状[J].地球物理学进展,13(1):52-59.
石林权,潘小青,沈忠悦,等.2012.嵊泗辉绿岩墙群侵位分析和倒转组构成因探讨[J].地球科学期刊,2(1):1-7.
阎桂林.1996.岩石磁化率各向异性在地学中的应用[M].武汉:中国地质大学出版社.
张拴宏,周显强.1999.磁化率各向异性地学应用综述[J].地质论评,45(6):613-620.
Airoldi G,Muirhead J D,Zanella E,et al.2012.Emplacementprocess of Ferrar Dolerite sheets at Allan Hills(South VictoriaLand,Antarctica)inferred from magnetic fabric[J].Geophysical Journal International,188(3):1046-1060.
Archanjo C J,Trindade R I,Macedo J W P,et al.2000.Magneticfabric of a basaltic dyke swarm associated with Mesozoic riftingin northeastern Brazil[J].Journal of South American EarthSciences,13(3):179-189.
Aubourg C,Tshoso G,Le Gall B,et al.2008.Magma flowrevealed by magnetic fabric in the Okavango giant dyke swarm,Karoo igneous province,northern Botswana[J].Journal ofVolcanology and Geothermal Research,170(3-4):247-261.
Banerjee S K,Stacey F D.1967.The high-field torque-metermethod of measuring magnetic anisotropy of rocks[C].Amsterdam:Elsevier,470-476.
Benn K,Ham and N M,Pignotta G S,et al.1998.Emplacementand deformation of granites during transpression:magneticfabrics of the Archean Sparrow pluton,Slave Province,Canada[J].Journal of Structural Geology,20(9-10):1247-1259.
Berkowitz A E,Takano K.1999.Exchange anisotropy-a review[J].Journal of Magnetism and Magnetic Materials,200(1-3):552-570.
Borradaile G J,Henry B.1997.Tectonic applications of magneticsusceptibility and its anisotropy[J].Earth-Science Reviews,42(1-2):49-93.
Borradaile G J,Jackson M.2004.Anisotropy of magneticsusceptibility(AMS):magnetic petrofabrics of deformed rocks[C].Geological Society,London,Special Publications,238:299-360.
Borradaile G J.1988.Magnetic susceptibility,petrofabrics andstrain[J].Tectonophysics,156(1-2):1-20.
Borradaile G J.1991.Correlation of strain with anisotropy ofmagnetic susceptibility(AMS)[J].Pure and AppliedGeophysics,135(1):15-29.
Bouchez J L.2000.Anisotropie de susceptibilitémagnétique etfabrique des granites[J].Comptes Rendus de l'Académie desSciences-Series IIA-Earth and Planetary Science,330(1):1-14.
Callot J P,Geoffroy L,Aubourg C,et al.2001.Magma flowdirections of shallow dykes from the East Greenland volcanicmargin inferred from magnetic fabric studies[J].Tectonophysics,335(3-4):313-329.
Callot J P,Geoffroy L.2004.Magma flow in the East Greenlanddyke swarm inferred from study of anisotropy of magneticsusceptibility:magmatic growth of a volcanic margin[J].Geophysical Journal International,159(2):816-830.
Callot J P,Guichet X.2003.Rock texture and magnetic lineation indykes:a simple analytical model[J].Tectonophysics,366(3-4):207-222.
Ca?ón-Tapia E,Herrero-Bervera E.2009.Sampling strategies andthe anisotropy of magnetic susceptibility of dykes[J].Tectonophysics,466(1-2):3-17.
Ca?ón-Tapia E,Pinkerton H.2000.The anisotropy of magneticsusceptibility of lava flows:an experimental approach[J].Journal of Volcanology and Geothermal Research,98(1-4):219-233.
Ca?ón-Tapia E,Walker G P L,Herrero-Bervera E.1996.Theinternal structure of lava flows-insights from AMSmeasurements I:near-vent a'a[J].Journal of Volcanology andGeothermal Research,70(1-2):21-36.
a?ón-Tapia E,Walker G P L,Herrero-Bervera E.1997.The internalstructure of lava flows-insights from AMS measurements II:Hawaiian pahoehoe,toothpaste lava and'a'ā[J].Journal ofVolcanology and Geothermal Research,76(1-2):19-46.
Ca?ón-Tapia E.2004.Anisotropy of magnetic susceptibility of lavaflows and dykes:a historical account[C].Geological Society,London,Special Publications,238:205-225.
Ca?ón-Tapia E.2004.Flow direction and magnetic mineralogy oflava flows from the central parts of the Peninsula of BajaCalifornia,Mexico[J].Bulletin of Volcanology,66(5):431-442.
Ca?ón-Tapia E.2007.Magnetic susceptibility,anisotropy,rockfabric[C].New York:Springer,564-566.
Cas R A F,Wright H M N,Folkes C B,et al.2011.The flowdynamics of an extremely large volume pyroclastic flow,the2.08-Ma Cerro Galán Ignimbrite,NW Argentina,andcomparison with other flow types[J].Bulletin of Volcanology,73(10):1583-1609.
Creixell C,Parada M A,Morata D,et al.2009.The geneticrelationship between mafic dike swarms and plutonic reservoirsin the mesozoic of central chile(30°-33°45′S):insights fromAMS and geochemistry[J].International Journal of EarthSciences,98(1):177-201.
Creixell C,Parada Má,Roperch P,et al.2006.Syntectonicemplacement of the Middle Jurassic Concón Mafic Dike Swarm,Coastal Range,central Chile(33°S)[J].Tectonophysics,425(1-4):101-122.
Curtis M L,Riley T R,Owens W H,et al.2008.The form,distribution and anisotropy of magnetic susceptibility of Jurassicdykes in H.U.Sverdrupfjella,Dronning Maud Land,Antarctica.implications for dyke swarm emplacement[J].Journal of Structural Geology,30(11):1429-1447.
Dragoni M,Lanza R,Tallarico A.1997.Magnetic anisotropyproduced by magma flow:theoretical model and experimentaldata from Ferrar dolerite sills(Antarctica)[J].GeophysicalJournal International,128(1):230-240.
Ellwood B B.1978.Flow and emplacement direction determined forselected basaltic bodies using magnetic susceptibility anisotropymeasurements[J].Earth and Planetary Science Letters,41(3):254-264.
Ellwood B B.1982.Estimates of flow direction for calc-alkalinewelded tuffs and paleomagnetic data reliability from anisotropyof magnetic susceptibility measurements:Central San JuanMountains,southwest Colorado[J].Earth and PlanetaryScience Letters,59(2):303-314.
Elming S A,Mattsson H.2001.Post Jotnian basic Intrusions in theFennoscandian Shield,and the break up of Baltica fromLaurentia:apalaeomagnetic and AMS study[J].PrecambrianResearch,108(3-4):215-236.
Ernst R E,Baragar W R A.1992.Evidence from magnetic fabric forthe flow pattern of magma in the Mackenzie giant radiating dykeswarm[J].Nature,356(6369):511-513.
Geoffroy L,Callot J P,Aubourg C,et al.2002.Magnetic andplagioclase linear fabric discrepancy in dykes:a new way todefine the flow vector using magnetic foliation[J].Terra Nova,14(3):183-190.
Gil-Imaz A,JoséM L S,GaléC,et al.2012.The Permian maficdyke swarm of the Panticosa pluton(Pyrenean Axial Zone,Spain):simultaneous emplacement with the late-Variscanextension[J].Journal of Structural Geology,42:171-183.
Giordano G,Porreca M,Musacchio P,et al.2008.The HoloceneSecche di Lazzaro phreatomagmatic succession(Stromboli,Italy):evidence of pyroclastic density current origin deduced byfacies analysis and AMS flow directions[J].Bulletin ofVolcanology,70(10):1221-1236.
Gleizes G,Crevon G,Asrat A,et al.2006.Structure,age andmode of emplacement of the Hercynian Borderes-Louron pluton(Central Pyrenees,France)[J].International Journal of EarthSciences,95(6):1039-1052.
Graham J W.1954.Magnetic susceptibility anisotropy,anunexploited petrofabric element[J].Bull.Geol.Soc.Am.,65:1257-1258.
Halvorsen E.1974.The magnetic fabric of some dolerite intrusions,northeast Spitsbergen;implications for their mode ofemplacement[J].Earth and Planetary Science Letters,21(2):127-133.
Hargraves R B,Johnson D,Chan C Y.1991.Distributionanisotropy:the cause of AMS in igneous rocks?[J].Geophysical Research Letters,18(12):2193-2196.
Hastie W W,Watkeys M K,Aubourg C.2011.Significance ofmagnetic and petrofabric in Karoo-feeder dykes,northernLebombo[J].Tectonophysics,513(1-4):96-111.
Hrouda F,Chlupacova M,Novak J K.2002.Variations in magneticanisotropy and opaque mineralogy along a kilometer deep profilewithin a vertical dyke of the syenogranite porphyry at Cinovec(Czech Republic)[J].Journal of Volcanology and GeothermalResearch,113(1-2):37-47.
Hrouda F,Jacko S,Hanák J.1988.Parallel magnetic fabrics inmetamorphic,granitoid and sedimentary rocks of the Braniskoand Cierna hora Mountains(E Slovakia)and theirtectonometamorphic control[J].Physics of the Earth andPlanetary Interiors,51(4):271-289.
Hrouda F,Kahan S.1991.The magnetic fabric relationshipbetween sedimentary and basement nappes in the High tatraMountains,N.Slovakia[J].Journal of Structural Geology,13(4):431-442.
Hrouda F.1982.Magnetic anisotropy of rocks and its application ingeology and geophysics[J].Geophysical Surveys,5(1):37-82.
Hrouda F.2002.The use of the anisotropy of magnetic remanencein the resolution of the anisotropy of magnetic susceptibility intoits ferromagnetic and paramagnetic components[J].Tectonophysics,347(4):269-281.
Khan M A.1962.The anisotropy of magnetic susceptibility of someigneous and metamorphic rocks[J].Journal of GeophysicalResearch,67(7):2873-2885.
Kissel C,Laj C,Sigurdsson H,et al.2010.Emplacement of magmain Eastern Iceland dikes:insights from magnetic fabric and rockmagnetic analyses[J].Journal of Volcanology and GeothermalResearch,191(1-2):79-92.
Knight M D,Walker G P L.1988.Magma flow directions in dikesof the Koolau Complex,Oahu,determined from magnetic fabricstudies[J].Journal of Geophysical Research,93(B5):4301-4319.
Laberge R D,Porreca M,Mattei M,et al.2009.Meandering flowof a pyroclastic density current documented by the anisotropy ofmagnetic susceptibility(AMS)in the quartz latite ignimbrite ofthe Pleistocene Monte Cimino volcanic centre(central Italy)[J].Tectonophysics,466(1-2):64-78.
Lanza R,Meloni A.2006.The Earth's Magnetism[M].New York,Berlin:Springer,1-278.
Luo L,Qi J F,Jia D,et al.2013.Magnetic fabric investigation inTianquan-Leshan section in front of Longmenshan fold-thrustbelt and its indicative significance for the Cenozoic deformation[J].Chinese J.Geophys.(in Chinese),56(2):558-566.
Martin-Hernandez F,Luneburg C M,Aubourg C,et al.2004.Magnetic fabric methods and applications[C].GeologicalSociety,London,Special Publications,238:1-7.
Ort M H,Orsi G,Pappalardo L,et al.2003.Anisotropy ofmagnetic susceptibility studies of depositional processes in theCampanian Ignimbrite,Italy[J].Bulletin of Volcanology,65(1):55-72.
Otoh S,Jwa Y J,Nomura R,et al.1999.A preliminary AMS(anisotropy of magnetic susceptibility)study of the Namwongranite,southwest Korea[J].Geosciences Journal,3(1):31-41.
Palmer H C,Macdonald W D.1999.Anisotropy of magneticsusceptibility in relation to source vents of ignimbrites:empirical observations[J].Tectonophysics,307(1-2):207-218.
Pan X Q,Shen Z Y,Chen N H,et al.2011.Emplacementmechanism of diabase dyke swarms in Shengsi island:evidencefrom magnetic anisotropies[J].Chinese J.Geophys.(inChinese),54(12):3269-3279.
Pan X Q,Shen Z Y,Dong C W,et al.2012.Magma flow inferredfrom magnetic fabrics in Wanning gabbro pluton and diabasedykes,Hainan[J].Chin.Sci.Bull.,57(16):1982-1989.
Pan Y X,Zhu R X.1998.The recent progress in magnetic fabrics[J].Progress in Geophysics(in Chinese),13(1):52-59.
Paterson S R,Fowler T K Jr,Schmidt K L,et al.1998.Interpreting magmatic fabric patterns in plutons[J].Lithos,44(1-2):53-82.
Pioli L,Lanza R,Ort M,et al.2008.Magnetic fabric,weldingtexture and strain fabric in the Nuraxi Tuff,Sardinia,Italy[J].Bulletin of Volcanology,70(9):1123-1137.
Plenier G,Camps P,Henry B,et al.2005.Determination of flowdirections by combining AMS and thin-section analyses:implications for Oligocene volcanism in the KerguelenArchipelago(southern Indian Ocean)[J].Geophysical JournalInternational,160(1):63-78.
Plissart G,Diot H,Monnier C,et al.2012.Relationship between asyntectonic granitic intrusion and a shear zone in the SouthernCarpathian-Balkan area(Almj Mountains,Romania):implications for late Variscan kinematics and Cherbelezugranitoid emplacement[J].Journal of Structural Geology,39:83-102.
Raposo M I B,D′Agrella-Filho M S.2000.Magnetic fabrics of dikeswarms from SE Bahia State,Brazil:their significance andimplications for Mesoproterozoic basic magmatism in the SoFrancisco Craton[J].Precambrian Research,99(3-4):309-325.
Raposo M I B,Gastal M C P.2009.Emplacement mechanism of themain granite pluton of the Lavras do Sul intrusive complex,South Brazil,determined by magnetic anisotropies[J].Tectonophysics,466(1-2):18-31.
Rochette P,Jackson M,Auborg C.1992.Rock magnetism and theinterpretation of anisotropy of magnetic susceptibility[J].Rev.Geophys.,30(3):209-226.
Rochette P,Jenatton L,Dupuy C,et al.1991.Diabase dikesemplacement in the Oman ophiolite:a magnetic fabric studywith reference to geochemistry[J].Petrology and StructuralGeology,5:55-82.
Sagnotti L.2011.Megnetic Anisotropy[C].Springer,717-729.
Shi L Q,Pan X Q,Shen Z Y,et al.2012.Discussion onemplacement of Shengsi diabase dyke swarms and the origin ofreverse magnetic fabrics[J].Scientific Journal of Earth Science(in Chinese),2(1):1-7.
Sohn Y K,Son M,Jeong J O,et al.2009.Eruption andemplacement of a laterally extensive,crystal-rich,and pumicefree ignimbrite(the Cretaceous Kusandong Tuff,Korea)[J].Sedimentary Geology,220(3-4):190-203.
Stacey F D.1960.Magnetic anisotropy of igneous rocks[J].Journalof Geophysical Research,65(8):2429-2442.
Symons D T A.1975.Age and flow direction from magneticmeasurements on the historic Aiyansh flow,British Columbia[J].Journal of Geophysical Research,80(17):2622-2626.
Tarling D H,Hrouda F.1993.The Magnetic Anisotropy of Rocks[M].London:Chapman and Hall.
Tauxe L,Gee J S,Staudigel H.1998.Flow directions in dikes fromanisotropy of magnetic susceptibility data:the bootstrap way[J].Journal of Geophysical Research-Solid Earth,103(B8):17775-17790.
TrubacJ,Zák J,ChlupácováM,et al.2009.Magnetic fabric of theRícany granite,Bohemian Massif:a record of helical magmaflow?[J].Journal of Volcanology and Geothermal Research,181(1-2):25-34.
Valentini L,Capaccioni B,Rossi P L,et al.2008.Vent area anddepositional mechanisms of the Upper Member of theNeapolitan Yellow Tuff(Campi Flegrei,Italy):new insightsfrom directional fabric through image analysis[J].Bulletin ofVolcanology,70(9):1087-1101.
Wang X,Roberts J,Schmidt P.2001.Flow directions ofCarboniferous ignimbrites,southern New England Orogen,Australia,using anisotropy of magnetic susceptibility[J].Journal of Volcanology and Geothermal Research,110(1-2):1-25.
Yan G L.1996.The Applications of Anisotropy of MagneticSusceptibility in Geoscience(in Chinese)[M].Wuhan:ChinaUniversity of Geosciences Press.
Zhang S H,Zhou X Q.1999.A review of the application ofanisotropy of susceptibility to Earth Science[J].GeologicalReview(in Chinese),45(6):613-620.
Zhang S W,Ca?ón-Tapia E,Walderhaug H J.2011.Magneticfabric and its significance in the sills and lava flows from Taimyrfold-belt,Arctic Siberia[J].Tectonophysics,505(1-4):68-85.
Zhu R X,Shi C D,Liu Q S.2003.Anisotropy of magneticsusceptibility of Hannuoba basalt,northern China:constraintson the vent position of the lava sequences[J].Geophys.Res.Lett.,30(2):23-26.
罗良,漆家福,贾东,等.2013.龙门山南段山前天全-乐山剖面磁组构研究及其对新生代构造变形的指示意义.地球物理学报,56(2):558-566.
潘小青,沈忠悦,陈宁华,等.2011.嵊泗岛辉绿岩墙群的侵位方式:来自磁组构的证据[J].地球物理学报,54(12):3269-3279.
潘永信,朱日祥.1998.磁组构研究现状[J].地球物理学进展,13(1):52-59.
石林权,潘小青,沈忠悦,等.2012.嵊泗辉绿岩墙群侵位分析和倒转组构成因探讨[J].地球科学期刊,2(1):1-7.
阎桂林.1996.岩石磁化率各向异性在地学中的应用[M].武汉:中国地质大学出版社.
张拴宏,周显强.1999.磁化率各向异性地学应用综述[J].地质论评,45(6):613-620.