磁力计阵列监测车体相对钢轨位移的方法研究
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摘要
针对轨道车辆动态偏移量检测需要和特殊安装环境要求,提出一种利用磁力计阵列监测车体相对钢轨位移的方法。该方法通过合理设计磁力计、永磁体和钢轨间的相对位置,由多个磁力计测量的磁感应强度变化分析得到车体相对钢轨的位移。通过有限元仿真方法分析初步设计的监测样机的磁场分布,以指导样机中磁力计的选型。确定磁感应强度趋于0的区域以指导传感器的布置,进一步分析得到各位移量与磁感应强度值间的多项式映射关系。研制样机进行试验,证明监测方法的可行性,验证有限元模型的可靠性,可用于监测系统的进一步优化设计。
In view of the dynamic offset monitoring necessary of railway vehicle and its special installation environment, a method of using magnetometer array to monitor the relative rail displacement of the vehicle body was proposed. The relative position between the magnetometers, the permanent magnets and the rail was rationally designed, and the relative rail displacement of the vehicle body was obtained by the analysis of the change of magnetic induction intensity measured by multiple magnetometers. Simulation of the magnetic field distribution around preliminary designed prototype was presented by finite element method. The results guide the selection of magnetometers in the prototype. The region where the magnetic induction tends to zero was found to guide the arrangement of magnetometers, and the polynomial mapping relation between the displacement and magnetic induction intensity was further analyzed. The prototype was tested, and the results show that the method is feasible. The reliability of the finite element model is also verified, and can be used in the further optimization design of the monitoring system.
In view of the dynamic offset monitoring necessary of railway vehicle and its special installation environment, a method of using magnetometer array to monitor the relative rail displacement of the vehicle body was proposed. The relative position between the magnetometers, the permanent magnets and the rail was rationally designed, and the relative rail displacement of the vehicle body was obtained by the analysis of the change of magnetic induction intensity measured by multiple magnetometers. Simulation of the magnetic field distribution around preliminary designed prototype was presented by finite element method. The results guide the selection of magnetometers in the prototype. The region where the magnetic induction tends to zero was found to guide the arrangement of magnetometers, and the polynomial mapping relation between the displacement and magnetic induction intensity was further analyzed. The prototype was tested, and the results show that the method is feasible. The reliability of the finite element model is also verified, and can be used in the further optimization design of the monitoring system.
引文
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[15]Slatter R,Holland L,Abele E.Magnetoresistive sensors for the condition monitoring of high-frequency spindles[J].Procedia Cirp,2016(46):177-180.
[2]米希伟,鲁寨军,钟睦.大风条件下动车组滚摆振动特性研究[J].铁道科学与工程学报,2016,13(5):806-811.MI Xiwei,LU Zhaijun,ZHONG Mu.Research on the rolling pendu lu m characteristic of the train-set u nder strong wind[J].Journal of Railway Science and Engineering,2016,13(5):806-811.
[3]Luca F,Paolo T,Marco Z,et al.A 400 kHz high-accuracy laser telemeter for distributed measurements of 3-Dprofiles[J].IEEE Transactions on Instrumentation and Measurements,2011,60(3):1054-1060.
[4]Andreas S,Antonio L.Surveillance of the clearance profile in railway operation[C]//2nd International Conference on Models and Technologies for Intelligent Transportation Systems,Leuven,Belgium,2011.
[5]吴斌,庄洵,刘常杰,等.铁路机车车辆静态限界测量系统校准方法研究[J].传感技术学报,2013,26(1):58-62.WU Bin,ZHUANG Xun,LIU Changjie,et al.Research on calibration method of static railway vehicle clearance gauge[J].Chinese Journal of Sensors and Actuators,2013,26(1):58-62.
[6]Edwards J R.Improving the effectiveness and efficiency of railcar safety appliance inspection using machine vision technology[D].Illinois:University of Illinois at Urbana Champaign,2006.
[7]郭寅,刘常杰,邾继贵,等.高速列车动态包络线测量系统[J].中国激光,2013,40(2):189-195.GUO Yin,LIU Changjie,ZHU Jigui,et al.Measurement system for dynamic envelope curve of high-speed train[J].Chinese Journal of Lasers,2013,40(2):189-195.
[8]韩伯领,陈治亚,鲁寨军.铁路车辆动态偏移量的在线检测[J].中南大学学报(自然科学版),2008,39(4):787-792.HAN Boling,CHEN Zhiya,LU Zhaijun.Online detection of offset generated by vibration of rolling stock based on machine vision[J].Journal of Central South University(Science and Technology),2008,39(4):787-792.
[9]LU Zhaijun,TIAN Hongqi,LIU Yinglong,et al.Correlation matching algorithm based on dynamic gray threshold for catadioptric stereo vision[C]//Proceedings2009 IEEE International Conference on Intelligent Computing and Intelligent Systems,2009.
[10]LU Zhaijun,TIAN Hongqi,LIU Yinglong.Measuring technology of rail vehicle’s offset caused by vibration[C]//Proceeding-3rd International Conference on Measuring Technology and Mechatronics Automation,ICMTMA,2011.
[11]LIU Dongrun,LU Zhaijun,CAO Tianpei,et al.A realtime posture monitoring method for rail vehicle bodies based on machine vision[J].Vehicle System Dynamics,2017,55(6):853-874.
[12]殷玲玲,尚群立.磁阻传感器在直线位移传感中的应用[J].传感技术学报,2006,19(4):1121-1124.YIN Lingling,SHANG Qunli.Application of magnetoresistive sensor in linear displacement sensing[J].Chinese Journal of Sensors and Actuators,2006,19(4):1121-1124.
[13]朱建辉,常思勤,王天波,等.磁阻式位移传感器在流体控制阀系统中的应用[J].仪表技术与传感器,2017(6):98-101.ZHU Jianhui,CHANG Siqin,WANG Tianbo,et al.Application of magnetoresistive displacement sensor in fluid control valve system[J].Instrument Technique and Sensor,2017(6):98-101.
[14]王海霞,马松龄.基于磁阻传感器的非接触式位移测量[J].国外电子测量技术,2009,28(2):28-30.WANG Haixia,MA Songling.Non-contact displacement measurement based on magnetoresistive sensor[J].Foreign Electronic Measurement Technology,2009,28(2):28-30.
[15]Slatter R,Holland L,Abele E.Magnetoresistive sensors for the condition monitoring of high-frequency spindles[J].Procedia Cirp,2016(46):177-180.