添加铌和钼对Nimonic 80A合金激光硼化表面显微组织和磨损行为的影响（英文）
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摘要
在Nimonic 80A合金表面用激光合金法技术制备较厚的表层。激光表面改性前在材料表面预涂覆3种浆料:非晶硼、非晶硼与钼和非晶硼与铌。详细研究激光处理后表层的显微组织、硬度和耐磨性能。重熔区不同类型硼化物的形成与浆料成分有关,其硬度增加,可达HV 1000左右。通过计算样品和对磨件的质量磨损强度因子I_(mw)和相对质量损失来评价样品的耐磨性。采用三维干涉显微镜、扫描电镜和电子能谱仪表征摩擦副的磨损行为。与未处理的Nimonic 80A合金相比,激光处理后的合金其耐磨性明显提高。含硼和铌的Nimonic 80A合金激光合金化后的表面具有最低的质量损失强度因子(I_(mw)=1.234 mg/(cm~2?h))。激光合金化表层的沟槽清晰可见,其磨损机制为磨粒磨损。经激光处理后含硼和铌合金表面的能谱分析图谱中有氧存在,表现出额外的氧化磨损机制。
Laser alloying was used for production of thick layers on surface of Nimonic 80 A-alloy. For laser surface modification,three types of pre-coated pastes were applied: with amorphous boron, with amorphous boron and molybdenum as well as with amorphous boron and niobium. The microstructure, hardness and wear resistance of produced layers were studied in details. The presence of different types of borides in re-melted zone depended on the paste composition and caused an increase in hardness up to about HV 1000. The wear resistance was evaluated by calculation of mass wear intensity factor I_(mw) and relative mass loss of specimen and counter-specimen. The wear behavior of the tested frictional pairs was determined by 3D interference microscopy,scanning electron microscopy equipped with EDS microanalyzer. The significant increase in abrasive wear resistance was observed in comparison to untreated Nimonic 80 A-alloy. The lowest mass loss intensity factor was characteristic of laser-alloyed Nimonic 80 A-alloy with boron and niobium(I_(mw)=1.234 mg/(cm~2?h)). Laser alloyed-layers indicated abrasive wear mechanism with clearly visible grooves. Laser alloying with boron and niobium resulted in the additional oxidative wear mechanism. In this case, EDS patterns revealed presence of oxygen on the worn surface of specimen.
Laser alloying was used for production of thick layers on surface of Nimonic 80 A-alloy. For laser surface modification,three types of pre-coated pastes were applied: with amorphous boron, with amorphous boron and molybdenum as well as with amorphous boron and niobium. The microstructure, hardness and wear resistance of produced layers were studied in details. The presence of different types of borides in re-melted zone depended on the paste composition and caused an increase in hardness up to about HV 1000. The wear resistance was evaluated by calculation of mass wear intensity factor I_(mw) and relative mass loss of specimen and counter-specimen. The wear behavior of the tested frictional pairs was determined by 3D interference microscopy,scanning electron microscopy equipped with EDS microanalyzer. The significant increase in abrasive wear resistance was observed in comparison to untreated Nimonic 80 A-alloy. The lowest mass loss intensity factor was characteristic of laser-alloyed Nimonic 80 A-alloy with boron and niobium(I_(mw)=1.234 mg/(cm~2?h)). Laser alloyed-layers indicated abrasive wear mechanism with clearly visible grooves. Laser alloying with boron and niobium resulted in the additional oxidative wear mechanism. In this case, EDS patterns revealed presence of oxygen on the worn surface of specimen.
引文
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[23]KULKA M,DZIARSKI P,MAKUCH N,PIASECKI A,MIKLASZEWSKI A.Microstructure and properties of laser-borided Inconel 600-alloy[J].Applied Surface Science,2013,284:757-771.
[24]MAKUCH N,PIASECKI A,DZIARSKI P,KULKA M.Influence of laser alloying with boron and niobium on microstructure and properties of Nimonic 80A-alloy[J].Optics and Laser Technology,2015,75:229-239.
[25]ZHANG B,BI G,NAI S,SUN C H,WEI J.Microhardness and microstructure evolution of Ti B2 reinforced Inconel 625/TiB2composite produced by selective laser melting[J].Optics&Laser Technology,2016,80:186-195.
[26]?STBERG G,BUSS K,CHISTENSEN M,NORGREN S,ANDRéN H O,MARI D,WAHNSTR?M G,REINECK I.Effect of Ta C on plastic deformation of WC-Co and Ti(C,N)-WC-Co[J].International Journal of Reflactory Metals,2006,24:145-154.
[27]YU L G,KHOR K A,SUNDARARAJAN G.Boride layer growth kinetics during boriding of molybdenum by the spark plasma sintering(SPS)technology[J].Surface&Coatings Technology,2006,201:2849-2853.
[28]USTA M,OZBEK I,BINDAL C,UCISIK A H,INGOLE S,LIANGH.A comparative study of borided pure niobium,tungsten and chromium[J].Vacuum,2006,80:1321-1325.
[29]GUNES I,KAYALI Y.Investigation of mechanical properties of borided nickel 201 alloy[J].Materials and Design,2014,53:577-580.
[30]RIBEIRO R,INGOLE S,USTA M,BINDAL C,UCISIK A H,LIANG H.Tribological characteristics of boronized niobium for biojoint applications[J].Vacuum,2006,80:1341-1345.
[2]BHUSHAN B.Modern tribology handbook[M].London:CRC Press,2001.
[3]NEE A Y C.Handbook of manufacturing engineering and technology[M].London:Springer-Verlag,2015.
[4]BONEK M.Formation of hard composite layer on tool steel by laser alloying[J].Archives of Metallurgy of Materials,2016,61(2):719-724.
[5]PIASECKI A,KOTKOWIAK M,KULKA M.Self-lubricating surface layers produced using laser alloying of bearing steel[J].Wear,2017,376-377:993-1008.
[6]KULKA M,MIKOLAJCZAK D,MAKUCH N,DZIARSKI P,MIKLASZEWSKI A.Wear resistance improvement of austenitic316L steel by laser alloying with boron[J].Surface&Coatings Technology,2016,291:292-313.
[7]ADEBIYI D I,POPOOLA A P I.Mitigation of abrasive wear damage of Ti-6Al-4V by laser surface alloying[J].Materials and Design,2015,74:67-75.
[8]TIAN Y S,CHEN C Z,CHEN L X,HUO Q H.Microstructures and wear properties of composite coatings produced by laser alloying of Ti-6Al-4V with graphite and silicon mixed powders[J].Materials Letters,2006,60:109-113.
[9]MAKUCH N,KULKA M,DZIARSKI P,PRZESTACKI D.Laser surface alloying of commercially pure titanium with boron and carbon[J].Optics and Lasers in Engineering,2014,57:64-81.
[10]TIAN Y S,CHEN C Z,WANG D Y,HUO Q H,LEI T Q.Laser surface alloying of pure titanium with Ti N-B-Si-Ni mixed powders[J].Applied Surface Science,2005,250:223-227.
[11]OCELIK V,MATTHEWS D,de HOSSON J T H M.Sliding wear resistance of metal matrix composite layers prepared by high power laser[J].Surface&Coatings Technology,2005,197:303-315.
[12]MABHALI L A B,SACKS N,PITYANA S.Three body abrasion of laser surface alloyed aluminium AA1200[J].Wear,2012,290-291:1-9.
[13]RAJAMURE R S,VORA H D,GUPTA N,KAREWAR S,SRINIVASAN S G,DAHOTRE N B.Laser surface alloying of molybdenum on aluminum for enhanced wear resistance[J].Surface&Coatings Technology,2014,258:337-342.
[14]TIAN Y S,GE R.Laser fabrication of nickel aluminide coatings on Al2024 alloy[J].Materials Science and Technology,2013,29(3):314-318.
[15]KAC S,RADZISZEWSKA A,KUSINSKI J.Structure and properties of the bronze laser alloyed with titanium[J].Applied Surface Science,2007,253:7895-7898.
[16]YILBAS B S,AKHTAR S S,KARATAS C.Laser gas assisted nitriding of Hastelloy G alloy:Thermal stress analysis and characterization[J].Surface and Interface Analysis,2012,44:352-364.
[17]YILBAS B S,KHALED M,GONDAL M A.Electrochemical response of laser surface melted Inconel 617 alloy[J].Optics and Lasers in Engineering,2001,36:269-276.
[18]PETRONIC S,KOVACEVIC A G,MILOSAVLJEVIC A,SEDMAKA.Microsructural changes of Nimonic-263 superalloy caused by laser beam action[J].Physica Scripta,2012,149:1-4.
[19]MAJUMDAR J D,MANNA I.Laser-surface alloying of nimonic 80with silicon and aluminum and its oxidation behavior[J].Metallurgical and Materials Transactions A,2012,43:3786-3796.
[20]RODRIGUEZ G P,GARCIA I,DAMBORENEA J.Effects of laser surface modification of nimonic with aluminum on oxidation behavior[J].Oxidation of Metals,2002,58:235-248.
[21]COOPER K P,SLEBODNICK P,THOMAS E D.Seawater corrosion behavior of laser surface modified Inconel 625 alloy[J].Materials Science and Engineering A,1996,206:138-149.
[22]DEY G K,KULKARNI U D,BATRA I S,BANERJEE S.Laser surface alloying of nickel by molybdenum and aluminiumMicrostructural studies[J].Acta Metallurgica et Materialia,1994,42:2973-2981.
[23]KULKA M,DZIARSKI P,MAKUCH N,PIASECKI A,MIKLASZEWSKI A.Microstructure and properties of laser-borided Inconel 600-alloy[J].Applied Surface Science,2013,284:757-771.
[24]MAKUCH N,PIASECKI A,DZIARSKI P,KULKA M.Influence of laser alloying with boron and niobium on microstructure and properties of Nimonic 80A-alloy[J].Optics and Laser Technology,2015,75:229-239.
[25]ZHANG B,BI G,NAI S,SUN C H,WEI J.Microhardness and microstructure evolution of Ti B2 reinforced Inconel 625/TiB2composite produced by selective laser melting[J].Optics&Laser Technology,2016,80:186-195.
[26]?STBERG G,BUSS K,CHISTENSEN M,NORGREN S,ANDRéN H O,MARI D,WAHNSTR?M G,REINECK I.Effect of Ta C on plastic deformation of WC-Co and Ti(C,N)-WC-Co[J].International Journal of Reflactory Metals,2006,24:145-154.
[27]YU L G,KHOR K A,SUNDARARAJAN G.Boride layer growth kinetics during boriding of molybdenum by the spark plasma sintering(SPS)technology[J].Surface&Coatings Technology,2006,201:2849-2853.
[28]USTA M,OZBEK I,BINDAL C,UCISIK A H,INGOLE S,LIANGH.A comparative study of borided pure niobium,tungsten and chromium[J].Vacuum,2006,80:1321-1325.
[29]GUNES I,KAYALI Y.Investigation of mechanical properties of borided nickel 201 alloy[J].Materials and Design,2014,53:577-580.
[30]RIBEIRO R,INGOLE S,USTA M,BINDAL C,UCISIK A H,LIANG H.Tribological characteristics of boronized niobium for biojoint applications[J].Vacuum,2006,80:1341-1345.