基于China-DNDC模型和环境效益最优的猪当量和农田种养匹配算法及应用
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摘要
种养养分循环利用是我国绿色农业发展的关键路径,但以经验公式法估算农田作物对养殖粪尿的消纳量,会带来较大的不确定性。本研究建立了一种基于氮素生物地球化学循环和环境效益最优的方法计算养殖(猪当量)排放和种植农田匹配算法。通过开发网络版China-DNDC模型并建立相关数据库,以保证农田产量和环境负效益最低为目标函数,归纳出猪田比(每亩土地可消纳的猪当量值)的计算公式。在江苏盐城市大丰区上海农场的实际条件下,计算出适宜的猪田比为5∶1。这个结果可为当地合理布局种养结合农场,实现畜禽养殖资源化和生态化提供科学依据。
Nutrient recycling in farming culture is the key path for the development of green agriculture in China.However,estimating farmland crop's consumption of manure and urine by empirical formula method may bring uncertainties.In this study,a matching algorithm based on the nitrogen biogeochemical cycle and the best environmental benefits was established to calculate the farming(pig equivalent) emissions and cropland.Through developing the network version of China-DNDC model and establishing relevant database to ensure the yield and the lowest environmental negative effects of the farmland,the formula for calculating the pig-field ratio(the equivalent value of pig per acre) was hence induced.Under the actual conditions of Shanghai branch farm of Dafeng Farm(Yancheng City,Jiangsu),the suitable pig-field ratio was 5∶1.This result can provide scientific basis for rational distribution for farming culture,and realizing the resource and treatment of livestock and poultry farming ecologically.
Nutrient recycling in farming culture is the key path for the development of green agriculture in China.However,estimating farmland crop's consumption of manure and urine by empirical formula method may bring uncertainties.In this study,a matching algorithm based on the nitrogen biogeochemical cycle and the best environmental benefits was established to calculate the farming(pig equivalent) emissions and cropland.Through developing the network version of China-DNDC model and establishing relevant database to ensure the yield and the lowest environmental negative effects of the farmland,the formula for calculating the pig-field ratio(the equivalent value of pig per acre) was hence induced.Under the actual conditions of Shanghai branch farm of Dafeng Farm(Yancheng City,Jiangsu),the suitable pig-field ratio was 5∶1.This result can provide scientific basis for rational distribution for farming culture,and realizing the resource and treatment of livestock and poultry farming ecologically.
引文
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[22] Gilhespy S L,Anthony S,Cardenas L,et al.First 20 years of DNDC(DeNitrification DeComposition):Model evolution[J].Ecological Modelling,2014,292(51-62).
[2] 中华人民共和国农业部.中国农业统计资料(1987—2016)[M].北京:中国农业出版社,1987-2017.
[3] 陈颖,吴娜伟,董旭辉,等.农业农村污染治理攻坚战的重点与难点解析——《农业农村污染治理攻坚战行动计划》解读[J].环境保护,2019(1):8-11.
[4] 金书秦,张惠,吴娜伟.2016年化肥、农药零增长行动实施结果评估[J].环境保护,2018(1):45-49.
[5] Zheng Chaohui,Liu Yi,Bluemling B,et al.Modeling the environmental behavior and performance of livestock farmers in China:An ABM approach[J].Agricultural Systems,2013,122:60-72.
[6] Powell J M,Douglas B Jackson-Smith,Satter L D.Phosphorus feeding and manure nutrient recycling on Wisconsin dairy farms[J].Nutrient Cycling in Agroecosystems,2002,62:277-286.
[7] Ulén B,Bechmann M,F?lster J,et al.Agriculture as a phosphorus source for eutrophication in the north-west European countries,Norway,Sweden,United Kingdom and Ireland:a review[J].Soil Use and Management,2007,23(S1):5-15.
[8] Ott C,Rechberger H.The European phosphorus balance[J].Resources,Conservation and Recycling,2012,60:159-172.
[9] 刘晓永,李书田.中国畜禽粪尿养分资源及其还田的时空分布特征[J].农业工程学报,2018,34(4):1-14.
[10] 刘晓永,王秀斌,李书田.中国农田畜禽粪尿氮负荷量及其还田潜力[J].环境科学,2018,39(12):5723-5739.
[11] 潘瑜春,孙超,刘玉,等.基于土地消纳粪便能力的畜禽养殖承载力[J].农业工程学报,2015,31(4):232-239.
[12] 路国彬,王夏晖.基于养分平衡的有机肥替代化肥潜力估算[J].中国猪业,2016,11(11):15-18.
[13] 杨世琦,韩瑞芸,刘晨峰.省域尺度下畜禽粪便的农田消纳量及承载负荷研究[J].中国农业大学学报,2016,21(7):142-151.
[14] 邱乐丰,龙文莉,方豪,等.基于种养平衡的杭州市畜禽养殖环境承载力研究[J].自然资源学报,2016,31(8):1410-1419.
[15] 龙雯琪,吴根义,林毅青.农业种植对畜禽养殖废弃物承纳能力核算方法研究与应用[J].农业环境科学学报,2014,33(3):446-450.
[16] 褚明辉,万大娟,石雪,等.基于氮平衡的江华瑶族自治县畜禽养殖承载力及饱和度研究[J].湖南农业科学,2017(8):45-47,52.
[17] 涂远璐,白云峰,严少华,等.基于养分循环的种养生态平衡匹配方法[J].江苏农业科学,2012,40(2):247-249.
[18] 杨军香,王合亮,焦洪超,等.不同种植模式下的土地适宜载畜量[J].中国农业科学,2016,49(2):339-347.
[19] Engel T,Priesack E.Expert-N-A Building Block System of Nitrogen Models as Resource for Advice,Research,Water Management and Policy[J].1993.
[20] Coleman K,Jenkinson D S.RothC-26.3-A Model for the turnover of carbon in soil[M].Evaluation of Soil Organic Matter Models.Springer,1996.
[21] 李长生.生物地球化学:科学基础与模型方法[M].北京;清华大学出版社.2016.
[22] Gilhespy S L,Anthony S,Cardenas L,et al.First 20 years of DNDC(DeNitrification DeComposition):Model evolution[J].Ecological Modelling,2014,292(51-62).